Cytological features of oncocytic pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland: Using the Milan classification system to report 3 patients.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland tumour. Pre-operative fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is currently one of the most widely used cytological examination techniques for the diagnosis of salivary gland tumours. Because PA exhibits characteristic cytological features, cytological diagnosis is straightforward in most cases.

Safety study on switching from intravenous to fixed‑dose subcutaneous formulation of pertuzumab and trastuzumab.

To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports from clinical settings regarding safety information on a fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection (PHESGO) when switched from the intravenous formulation of pertuzumab and trastuzumab in Japan. The lack of information on switching from the intravenous formulation to PHESGO in clinical settings may contribute to hesitation in making the switch. The present study analyzed the safety of 51 patients with breast or colorectal cancer treated with PHESGO.

Separation of 100 nm-sized nanoparticles using a poly-Lys-modified monolith column.

Nanoparticles (approximately 100 nm in diameter) composed of lipid layers containing drugs or biologically active substances are attracting increasing attention in various fields, including medicine, as well as for signal transduction between cells. However, the separation of such nanoparticles conventional HPLC is challenging, often resulting in the clogging and collapse of nanoparticles, as well as a low separation efficiency. Thus far, no HPLC column capable of efficiently separating two types of 100 nm-sized nanoparticles in a short time has been reported.

Proton Beam Therapy for a Rare Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Case Report and Literature Review.

Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare, aggressive WHO grade III tumor that primarily affects children and young adults. Despite surgery being the primary treatment, achieving complete tumor removal is often difficult due to its infiltrative nature, necessitating additional therapies like proton beam therapy (PBT). PBT, known for its precision in targeting tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue, has shown promise in treating malignant gliomas.

Prediction of potential drug targets and key inhibitors (ZINC67974679, ZINC67982856, and ZINC05668040) against using integrated computational approaches.

, responsible for flea-borne spotted fever, is a rising zoonotic pathogen posing an increasing global threat due to its expanding geographical distribution. The rise in antibiotic-resistant strains of this pathogen underscores the urgent need for new therapeutic interventions. This study employed a comprehensive subtractive proteomics analysis of the proteome, aiming to identify essential, non-host homologous, and pathogen-specific proteins, which were subsequently evaluated as potential new drug targets.

Superconductivity in o-MAX phases.

In recent years, MAX phases and their two-dimensional counterparts, MXenes, have emerged as significant subjects of interest in the fields of science and engineering, owing to their varied geometries, compositions, and extensive range of applications. This research employs first-principles calculations to explore the geometrical structures, electronic characteristics, phonon dispersions, dynamic stability, electron-phonon coupling (EPC), and superconducting properties of 27 out-of-plane ordered double transition metal carbides, referred to as o-MAX phases, characterized by the general formula MM'AlC (where M = Nb, Mo, W and M' = Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W). We have identified 16 superconducting o-MAX phases, with four specific compounds WVAlC, WNbAlC, WTaAlC, and MoNbAlC exhibiting a critical temperature () that surpasses 10 K, representing the highest reported experimentally for MAX phases thus far.

Cysteine-Directed Isobaric Labeling Combined with GeLC-FAIMS-MS for Quantitative Top-Down Proteomics.

The quantification of proteoforms, i.e., all molecular forms in which proteins can be present, by top-down proteomics provides essential insights into biological processes at the molecular level.

Investigation of the total anticholinergic load of reported anticholinergic drug-related adverse events using the Japanese adverse drug event report database: a retrospective pharmacovigilance study.

Background: The Anticholinergic Risk Scale and Total Anticholinergic Load were developed to assess the risks associated with anticholinergic drugs. Recently, the Japan Anticholinergic Risk Scale was introduced; however, the total anticholinergic load for adverse events has not been clarified, and the criteria for risk assessment in clinical practice have not been established. In this study, we used data from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database provided by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency to determine the total anticholinergic load associated with reported adverse events related to anticholinergic syndrome.

Biofilm characterisation of Mycoplasma bovis co-cultured with Trueperella pyogenes.

Mycoplasma pneumonia, caused by Mycoplasma bovis (Mycoplasmopsis bovis; M. bovis), is linked with severe inflammatory reactions in the lungs and can be challenging to treat with antibiotics. Biofilms play a significant role in bacterial persistence and contribute to the development of chronic lesions.

Healthcare performance of leprosy management in peripheral health facilities of Dhanusa and Mahottari, Nepal.

Background: The global elimination of leprosy transmission by 2030 is a World Health Organization (WHO) target. Nepal's leprosy elimination program depends on early case diagnosis and the performance of health workers and facilities. The knowledge and skills of paramedical staff (Leprosy Focal Person, LFP) and case documentation and management by health facilities are therefore key to the performance of health care services.

Impact of discontinuation of cephazolin prophylaxis on the incidence of postoperative adverse events in cataract surgery.

Background: Cataract surgeries are increasing annually, making appropriate medical management essential. The routine use of systemic antimicrobial agents for preventing surgical site infections lacks strong evidence and may increase the risk of drug-resistant bacteria and adverse events. This study examined the impact of discontinuing cefazolin (CEZ) administration during the perioperative period of cataract surgery on the incidence of postoperative adverse events and medical costs.

Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and long-term risk of type 2 diabetes: a 12-year cohort study based on the Japanese population.

Background: Atherosclerotic dyslipidemia is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although previous studies have demonstrated an association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and insulin resistance, there remains a scarcity of large cohort studies investigating the association between AIP and the long-term risk of T2D in the general population. This study aims to investigate the potential association between AIP and the long-term risk of T2D in individuals with normal fasting plasma glucose levels.

Gene expression of psychiatric disorder-related kinesin superfamily proteins (Kifs) is potentiated in alternatively activated primary cultured microglia.

Objective: Reactivity of microglia, the resident cells of the brain, underlies innate immune mechanisms (e.g., injury repair), and disruption of microglial reactivity has been shown to facilitate psychiatric disorder dysfunctions.

Graft-repositioning technique using infusion and small bubbles during Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Background: Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a highly effective procedure for corneal endothelial dysfunction; however, once a DMEK graft is deployed, repositioning can be challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a technique that utilizes infusion and small air bubbles to reposition a misaligned deployed graft.

Methods: This retrospective interventional case series enrolled patients who underwent DMEK between January 2022 and July 2023, including cases where the DMEK graft was attached and unfolded in off-center positions".

The complete chloroplast genome sequences of monotypic genus Pseudogalium, and comparative analyses with its relative genera.

Background: Pseudogalium is a new monotypic genus with two subspecies in China and one in Japan, which holds a distinctive phylogenetic position and ecological significance within the tribe Rubieae. Chloroplast genomes contain abundant information for resolving phylogenetic relationships. To investigate the phylogenetics of P.

Peripheral nerve regeneration using a bioresorbable silk fibroin-based artificial nerve conduit fabricated via a novel freeze-thaw process.

While silk fibroin (SF) obtained from silkworm cocoons is expected to become a next-generation natural polymer, a fabrication method for SF-based artificial nerve conduits (SFCs) has not yet been established. Here, we report a bioresorbable SFC, fabricated using a novel freeze-thaw process, which ensures biosafety by avoiding any harmful chemical additives. The SFC demonstrated favorable biocompatibility (high hydrophilicity and porosity with a water content of > 90%), structural stability (stiffness, toughness, and elasticity), and biodegradability, making it an ideal candidate for nerve regeneration.

Claudin-11 regulates immunological barrier formation and spermatogonial proliferation through stem cell factor.

Tight junctions (TJs) between adjacent Sertoli cells are believed to form immunological barriers that protect spermatogenic cells expressing autoantigens from autoimmune responses. However, there is no direct evidence that Sertoli cell TJs (SCTJs) do indeed form immunological barriers. Here, we analyzed male mice lacking claudin-11 (Cldn11), which encodes a SCTJ component, and found autoantibodies against antigens of spermatocytes/spermatids in their sera.

Alzheimer's disease may develop from changes in the immune system, cell cycle, and protein processing following alterations in ribosome function.

The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing as society ages. The details of AD pathogenesis have not been fully elucidated, and a comprehensive gene expression analysis of the process leading up to the onset of AD would be helpful for understanding the mechanism. We performed an RNA sequencing analysis on a cohort of 1227 Japanese blood samples, representing 424 AD patients, 543 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 260 cognitively normal (CN) individuals.

Sympathetic innervation induced by nerve growth factor promotes malignant transformation in gastric cancer.

Sympathetic nerves regulate nearly all human organs. Their peripheral nerves are present in tumor tissue. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system promotes malignant transformation in several cancers.

Coherent harmonic generation of magnons in spin textures.

Harmonic generation, a notable non-linear phenomenon, has promising applications in information processing. For spin-waves in ferromagnetic materials, great progress has been made in the generation higher harmonics, however probing the coherence of these higher harmonics is challenging. Here, using in-situ diamond sensors, we study the coherent harmonic generation of spin waves in a soft ferromagnet.

3D scanner's potential as a novel tool for lymphedema measurement in mouse hindlimb models.

Lymphedema is characterized by persistent swelling due to impaired lymphatic function and presents significant challenges in both research and clinical settings. Traditional contact-based measurement techniques such as paw thickness and circumferential measurements using calipers or silk thread are useful but limited by observer variability and measurement accuracy. Non-contact methods, including various imaging techniques, offer improvements but often at higher cost and complexity.

Self-rerouting sensor network for electronic skin resilient to severe damage.

We propose a network architecture for electronic skin with an extensive sensor array-crucial for enabling robots to perceive their environment and interact effectively with humans. Fault tolerance is essential for electronic skins on robot exteriors. Although self-healing electronic skins targeting minor damages are studied using material-based approaches, substantial damages such as severe cuts necessitate re-establishing communication pathways, traditionally performed with high-functionality microprocessor sensor nodes.

Chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by persistent abnormalities of kidney function or structure that have consequences for the health. A progressive decline of excretory kidney function has effects on body homeostasis. CKD is tightly associated with accelerated cardiovascular disease and severe infections, and with premature death.

Valley charge-transfer insulator in twisted double bilayer WSe.

In flat-band systems, emergent physics can be substantially modified by the presence of another nearby electronic band. For example, a Mott˘Hubbard insulator can turn into a charge transfer insulator if other electronic states enter between the upper and lower Hubbard bands. Here, we introduce twisted double bilayer (TDB) WSe, with twist angles near 60°, as a controllable platform in which the K-valley band can be tuned to close vicinity of the Γ-valley moiré flat band.