The Hypothermic Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide Is Mediated by the Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin-1 Channel in Mice.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) has been shown in previous studies to cause hypothermia and hypometabolism in mice, and its thermoregulatory effects were subsequently investigated. However, the molecular target through which HS triggers its effects on deep body temperature has remained unknown. We investigated the thermoregulatory response to fast-(NaS) and slow-releasing (GYY4137) HS donors in C57BL/6 mice, and then tested whether their effects depend on the transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) channel in knockout () and wild-type () mice.

Efficacy of first-line treatment options in transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Despite major therapeutic advances, the rational choice of the most appropriate first-line regimen in newly diagnosed transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma (TIE-MM) is currently undefined.

Aim: We aimed to identify the most effective first-line treatment for TIE-MM patients.

Methods: A total of 37 articles, including 34 treatments and 16,681 patients, were included in this Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Phospholipase Cγ2 Is Essential for Experimental Models of Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita.

Phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) mediates tyrosine kinase‒coupled receptor signaling in various hematopoietic lineages. Although PLCγ2 has been implicated in certain human and mouse inflammatory disorders, its contribution to autoimmune and inflammatory skin diseases is poorly understood. In this study, we tested the role of PLCγ2 in a mouse model of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita triggered by antibodies against type VII collagen (C7), a component of the dermo-epidermal junction.

LED-Induced Microglial Activation and Rise in Caspase3 Suggest a Reorganization in the Retina.

Vision is our primary sense as the human eye is the gateway for more than 65% of information reaching the human brain. Today's increased exposure to different wavelengths and intensities of light from light emitting diode (LED) sources could induce retinal degeneration and accompanying neuronal cell death. Damage induced by chronic phototoxic reactions occurring in the retina accumulates over years and it has been suggested as being responsible for the etiology of many debilitating ocular conditions.

Mucoprotective drugs can prevent and treat nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced small bowel enteropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Small bowel enteropathy (SBE) is a complication of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy occurring in 71% of NSAID users. We aimed to analyse the efficacy and safety of medications to prevent and treat NSAID-induced SBE in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021223371).

Carbon Microsphere-Supported Metallic Nickel Nanoparticles as Novel Heterogeneous Catalysts and Their Application for the Reduction of Nitrophenol.

Nickel nanoparticles are gaining increasing attention in catalysis due to their versatile catalytic action. A novel, low-cost and facile method was developed in this work to synthesize carbon microsphere-supported metallic nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NP/C) for heterogeneous catalysis. The synthesis was based on carbonizing a polystyrene-based cation exchange resin loaded with nickel ions at temperatures between 500 and 1000 °C.

Increased Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Immune regulation seems to be altered in cystic fibrosis (CF), thus potentially predisposing patients to developing autoimmune diseases (AID). In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of celiac disease (CeD) among CF patients as by far the most commonly reported autoimmune disease in this population and, secondly, to review the observations on other, less frequently studied autoimmune diseases.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search for studies that discussed AIDs among CF patients.

Biologia futura: embryo-maternal communication via progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) positive embryo-derived extracellular vesicles. Their role in maternal immunomodulation.

Paternal antigens expressed by the foetus are recognized as foreign. Therefore,-according to the rules of transplantation immunity-the foetus ought to be "rejected". However, during normal gestation, maternal immune functions are re-adjusted, in order to create a favourable environment for the developing foetus.

Bacterial Engulfment Mechanism Is Strongly Conserved in Evolution Between Earthworm and Human Immune Cells.

Invertebrates, including earthworms, are applied to study the evolutionarily conserved cellular immune processes. Earthworm immunocytes (so-called coelomocytes) are functionally similar to vertebrate myeloid cells and form the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Hereby, we compared the engulfment mechanisms of THP-1 human monocytic cells, differentiated THP-1 (macrophage-like) cells, and coelomocytes towards and bacteria applying various endocytosis inhibitors [amantadine, 5-(-ethyl--isopropyl) amiloride, colchicine, cytochalasin B, cytochalasin D, methyl-ß-cyclodextrin, and nystatin].

Effects of Microenvironmental Changes on the Fluorescence Signal of Alternariol: Magnesium Induces Strong Enhancement in the Fluorescence of the Mycotoxin.

Alternariol (AOH) is an emerging mycotoxin produced by molds. It occurs as a contaminant e.g.

Influence of Galectin-9 Treatment on the Phenotype and Function of NK-92MI Cells in the Presence of Different Serum Supplements.

Galectins are one of the critical players in the tumor microenvironment-tumor crosstalk and the regulation of local immunity. Galectin-9 has been in the limelight in tumor immunology. Galectin-9 possesses its multiplex biological functions both extracellularly and intracellularly, plays a pivotal role in the modulation of adaptive and innate immunity, and induces immune tolerance.

Cytokines, Hormones and Cellular Regulatory Mechanisms Favoring Successful Reproduction.

Its semi-allogeneic nature renders the conceptus vulnerable to attack by the maternal immune system. Several protective mechanisms operate during gestation to correct the harmful effects of anti-fetal immunity and to support a healthy pregnancy outcome. Pregnancy is characterized by gross alterations in endocrine functions.

Non-invasive Diagnostic Tests in Cystic Fibrosis-Related Liver Disease: A Diagnostic Test Accuracy Network Meta-Analysis.

Cystic fibrosis-related liver disease (CFLD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). Several non-invasive diagnostic methods have been proposed as screening tools for CFLD. Our aim was to rank all available non-invasive modalities for diagnostic performance.

Desensitization of Capsaicin-Sensitive Afferents Accelerates Early Tumor Growth Increased Vascular Leakage in a Murine Model of Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

There is growing interest in the role of nerve-driven mechanisms in tumorigenesis and tumor growth. Capsaicin-sensitive afferents have been previously shown to possess antitumoral and immune-regulatory properties, the mechanism of which is currently poorly understood. In this study, we have assessed the role of these terminals in the triple negative 4T1 orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer.

Testing the extraction of 12 mycotoxins from aqueous solutions by insoluble beta-cyclodextrin bead polymer.

Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites of filamentous fungi; they are common contaminants in numerous foods and beverages. Cyclodextrins are ring-shaped oligosaccharides, which can form host-guest type complexes with certain mycotoxins. Insoluble beta-cyclodextrin bead polymer (BBP) extracted successfully some mycotoxins (e.

Age-Related Alterations of Proteins in Albino Wistar Rat Retina.

Imbalance of homeostasis causes permanent changes in the body with time. The central nervous system is especially prone to these changes since it possesses limited regenerative capacity. In the retina, neurons are damaged during the aging process, and this eventually leads to deterioration of vision.

Proof-of-Concept for the Analgesic Effect and Thermoregulatory Safety of Orally Administered Multi-Target Compound SZV 1287 in Mice: A Novel Drug Candidate for Neuropathic Pain.

SZV 1287 (3-(4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)propanal oxime) is a novel multi-target candidate under preclinical development for neuropathic pain. It inhibits amine oxidase copper containing 3, transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors. Mainly under acidic conditions, it is transformed to the cyclooxygenase inhibitor oxaprozin, which is ineffective for neuropathy.

Profile of miR-23 Expression and Possible Role in Regulation of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase during Postnatal Retinal Development.

As neurotransmitter, GABA is fundamental for physiological processes in the developing retina. Its synthesis enzymes are present during retinal development, although the molecular regulatory mechanisms behind the changes in expression are not entirely understood. In this study, we revealed the expression patterns of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67(GAD67) and its coding gene (GAD1) and its potential miRNA-dependent regulation during the first three postnatal weeks in rat retina.

In Vitro Evaluation of the Individual and Combined Cytotoxic and Estrogenic Effects of Zearalenone, Its Reduced Metabolites, Alternariol, and Genistein.

Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites of filamentous fungi. Previous studies demonstrated the co-occurrence of and toxins, including zearalenone (ZEN), ZEN metabolites, and alternariol (AOH). These xenoestrogenic mycotoxins appear in soy-based meals and dietary supplements, resulting in the co-exposure to ZEN and AOH with the phytoestrogen genistein (GEN).

Granulocyte and monocyte apheresis as an adjunctive therapy to induce and maintain clinical remission in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The goal of treatment in ulcerative colitis (UC) is to induce and maintain remission. The addition of granulocyte and monocyte apheresis (GMA) to conventional therapy may be a promising therapeutic alternative. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety profile of GMA as an adjunctive therapy.

Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia Induces a Prominent Local Stress Response and Growth Inhibition in Mouse Breast Cancer Isografts.

Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is a selective cancer treatment used in human oncology complementing other therapies. During mEHT, a focused electromagnetic field (EMF) is generated within the tumor inducing cell death by thermal and nonthermal effects. Here we investigated molecular changes elicited by mEHT using multiplex methods in an aggressive, therapy-resistant triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) model.

Human Somatostatin SST Receptor Transgenic Mice: Construction and Brain Expression Pattern Characterization.

Somatostatin receptor subtype 4 (SST) has been shown to mediate analgesic, antidepressant and anti-inflammatory functions without endocrine actions; therefore, it is proposed to be a novel target for drug development. To overcome the species differences of SST receptor expression and function between humans and mice, we generated an SST humanized mouse line to serve as a translational animal model for preclinical research. A transposon vector containing the and reporter gene construct driven by the regulatory elements were created.

Effect of Pioglitazone on endoplasmic reticulum stress regarding in situ perfusion rat model.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) can cause insufficient microcirculation of the transplanted organ and results in a diminished and inferior graft survival rate.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of different doses of an anti-diabetic drug, Pioglitazone (Pio), on endoplasmic reticulum stress and histopathological changes, using an in situ perfusion rat model.

Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were used and were divided into six groups, consisting of the control group, vehicle-treated group and four Pio-treated groups (10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg Pio was administered).

Provocation and prediction of visual peripersonal neglect-like symptoms in preoperative planning and during awake brain surgery.

Neglect is a severe neuropsychological/neurological deficit that usually develops due to lesions of the posterior inferior parietal area of the right hemisphere and is characterized by a lack of attention to the left side. Our case is a proven right-handed, 30-year-old female patient with a low-grade glioma, which was located in the temporo-opercular region and also in the superior temporal gyrus of the right hemisphere. Upon presurgical planning, the motor, language, and visuospatial functions were mapped.

Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Promotes Inflammation and Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Chronic Pancreatitis.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas characterized by ductal obstructions, tissue fibrosis, atrophy and exocrine and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency. However, our understanding is very limited concerning the disease's progression from a single acute inflammation, via recurrent acute pancreatitis (AP) and early CP, to the late stage CP. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a DNA damage sensor enzyme activated mostly by oxidative DNA damage.