Pancreatic metastases from ovarian carcinoma--diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration.

Pancreatic metastases are very uncommon and originate most commonly from lung, colon, breast and kidney cancer. Ovarian adenocarcinoma has been reported as a primary site of pancreatic metastasis, but its diagnosis has rarely being reported by endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). We report a case of multiple metastases to the pancreas from ovarian carcinoma occurring four years after original resection of the primary tumour.

Informed consent: a socio-legal study.

Introduction: Informed consent [IC] is a recognized socio-legal obligation for the medical profession. The doctrine of IC involves the law, which aims to ensure the lawfulness of health assistance and tends to reflect the concept of autonomy of the person requiring and requesting medical and/or surgical treatment. Recent changes in the health care delivery system and the complex sociological settings, in which it is practiced, have resulted in an increase in judicial activity and medical negligence lawsuits for physicians.

A case of focal eventration of left hemidiaphragm with transthoracic left kidney confused with a traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.

Focal eventration of the diaphragm with transthoracic kidney is a very rare condition. It is usually asymptomatic and often revealed as an incidental finding on imaging studies. We presented a case of previously undiagnosed focal eventration of left hemidiaphragm with transthoracic left kidney confused with traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.

A rare case of incarcerated bochdalek diaphragmatic hernia in a pregnant lady.

The occurrence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a pregnant adult is rare. In contrast to neonatal diaphragmatic hernias, most of the adult patients present with vague gastrointestinal symptoms mimicking other diseases hence the importance of high index of suspicion. We report a case of a young pregnant lady with congenital diaphragmatic hernia presenting with symptoms and clinical signs suggestive of acute pancreatitis.

Paediatric airway reconstruction: a preliminary study.

To set the foundation for developing a centre for airway reconstruction, we performed a retrospective database review of patients operated at a tertiary-care university hospital. Over the past 3-year period from 2004 onwards, five paediatric cases of airway reconstruction procedures were performed. All cases had a two stages laryngotracheal reconstruction (TSLTR) for laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS).

Compliance to national guidelines on the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Malaysia: a single centre experience.

Introduction: Malaysia has a high rate of smoking prevalence and the figure is increasing. Although there has been many local and regional studies on the prevalence and symptomatology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, data is lacking on the degree of compliance to national management guidelines in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Methods: 86 patients who attended the respiratory outpatient clinic of the Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia were enrolled into a prospective, observational study.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the lung with pericardial extension: a case report.

A 16-year-old student presented with a 4-week history of progressive shortness of breath, loss of appetite, and occasional blood-tinged sputum. The chest X-ray revealed massive right-sided pleural effusion with cardiomegaly. An echocardiogram revealed a large pericardial mass with massive pericardial effusion.

Renal cell carcinoma in a von Hippel-Lindau syndrome: when should phaeochromocytoma be anticipated?

A 39-year-old man was diagnosed with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, which was associated with retinal haemangioblastoma, cervical cord haemangioblastoma and bilateral renal cell carcinoma. He subsequently underwent an arterial embolisation and cervical laminectomy, following a spinal angiogram of the cervical lesion. He also had a right radical nephrectomy, with no perioperative complications.

The SAFE (SGRQ score, air-flow limitation and exercise tolerance) Index: a new composite score for the stratification of severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: This study was proposed to develop a composite of outcome measures using forced expiratory volume percentage of predicted, exercise capacity and quality of life scores for assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-six patients with COPD were enrolled into a prospective, observational study at the respiratory outpatient clinic, National University Hospital Malaysia (Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia--HUKM), Kuala Lumpur.

Results: Our study found modest correlation between the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), 6 min walk distance and the SGRQ scores with mean (SD) values of 0.