A comprehensive review of sustainable hydrogels from lignin for advanced wastewater solutions.

Throughout the recent years, water bodies have been significantly contaminated via various industrial and pollution wastes posing threats to the living. To tackle the situation, Lignin-Based Hydrogels have appeared as a material with great potential for wastewater treatment. Biomass-derived polymers for wastewater treatment present a sustainable replacement to plastics based on petroleum owing to its biocompatibility, affordability, eco-friendliness and biodegradability.

TiO-sodium alginate core-shell nanosystem for higher antimicrobial wound healing application.

Wounds that are not properly managed can cause complications. Prompt and proper care is essential, to prevent microbial infection. Growing interest in metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) for innovative wound treatments targeting healing and microbial infections.

From Gut to Brain: The Impact of Short-Chain Fatty Acids on Brain Cancer.

The primary source of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), now recognized as critical mediators of host health, particularly in the context of neurobiology and cancer development, is the gut microbiota's fermentation of dietary fibers. Recent research highlights the complex influence of SCFAs, such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, on brain cancer progression. These SCFAs impact immune modulation and the tumor microenvironment, particularly in brain tumors like glioma.

Inflammasome activation in melanoma progression: the latest update concerning pathological role and therapeutic value.

The progression of melanoma is a complex process influenced by both internal and external cues which encourage the transition of tumour cells, uncontrolled growth, migration, and metastasis. Additionally, inflammation allows tumours to evade the immune system, contributing to cancer development. The inflammasome, a complex of many proteins, is crucial in enhancing immune responses to external and internal triggers.

Patterns and trends in burden of asthma and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021 among South Asian countries: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Objective: Asthma poses a significant health burden in South Asia, with increasing incidence and mortality despite a global decline in age-standardized prevalence rates. This study aims to analyze asthma trends from 1990 to 2021, focusing on prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across South Asia. The study also assesses the impact of risk factors like high body mass index (BMI), smoking, and occupational exposures on asthma outcomes.

Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression: A focus on hepatocellular carcinoma.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has drawn much interest recently in the search for innovative cancer therapeutics, especially in light of the growing body of evidence supporting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME comprises various cell types within the extracellular matrix (ECM), such as immune cells, endothelial cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Throughout the malignancy, these cells interact with cancerous cells and with one another.

Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Potential of Endophytic Aspergillus versicolor Isolate from the Medicinal Plant Plectranthus amboinicus.

Endophytic fungi are non-pathogenic organisms that colonise healthy plant tissues asymptomatically. Endophytes derived from medicinal plants are sources for identifying natural products and bioactive compounds with potential uses for industry, medicine, agriculture, and related sectors. In the present study, ethyl acetate crude extracts of four endophytic fungal isolates (CALF1, CALF4, and CASF1) from the medicinal plant Plectranthus amboinicus showed potent antimicrobial activity against the test pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis using disc diffusion assays.

The Role of Sustainable Social Work in Pro-Environmental Behaviors: A Mediation and Moderation Model.

Purpose: This study seeks to investigate the effectiveness of psychological interventions in promoting pro-environmental behaviors by fostering resilience and self-efficacy in Iranian youth. Additionally, based on social cognitive theory, the research examines the role of sustainable youth social work in moderating these relationships.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed to collect data via a survey from 384 Iranian participants, using validated scales.

The role of GATA4 in mesenchymal stem cell senescence: A new frontier in regenerative medicine.

The Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) is a multipotent progenitor cell with known differentiation potential towards various cell lineage, making it an appealing candidate for regenerative medicine. One major contributing factor to age-related MSC dysfunction is cellular senescence, which is the hallmark of relatively irreversible growth arrest and changes in functional properties. GATA4, a zinc-finger transcription factor, emerges as a critical regulator in MSC biology.

In Silico design and molecular dynamics analysis of imidazole derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key enzyme in the inflammatory pathway, is the target for various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective inhibitors known as coxibs. This study focuses on the development of novel imidazole derivatives as COX-2 inhibitors, utilizing a Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) approach to enhance binding affinity and selectivity. Molecular docking was performed using Autodock Vina, revealing binding energies of -6.

Burden of diabetes in correctional facilities: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetes mellitus presents significant public health challenges worldwide. While its prevalence and management in the general population have been extensively studied, comprehensive research on diabetes among incarcerated individuals is lacking. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and -analysis to determine the prevalence of diabetes within the prison population.

STAT3-related lncRNAs in colorectal cancer progression; Special focus on immune cell's evasion.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is globally ranked as the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women. There is an urgent need for novel biomarkers to facilitate early diagnosis and enhance patient care, thereby improving treatment response and reducing mortality rates. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is essential for controlling the anti-tumor immune response since it is a hub for several oncogenic signaling pathways.

Patterning Planar, Flexible Li-S Battery Full Cells on Laser-Induced Graphene Traces.

Laser conversion of commercial polymers to laser-induced graphene (LIG) using inexpensive and accessible CO lasers has enabled the rapid prototyping of promising electronic and electrochemical devices. Frequently used to pattern interdigitated supercapacitors, few approaches have been developed to pattern batteries-in particular, full cells. Herein, we report an LIG-based approach to a planar, interdigitated Li-S battery.

Magnetic nano-sized solid acid catalyst bearing sulfonic acid groups for biodiesel synthesis and oxidation of sulfides.

In this study, the AlFeO@n-Pr@Et-SOH heterogeneous catalyst was successfully synthesized and utilized to produce biodiesel from oleic acid through an esterification process and to oxidize sulfides. To examine the physicochemical characteristics of the AlFeO@n-Pr@Et-SOH nanomaterial, a variety of advanced techniques were employed, including Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Elemental Mapping, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The AlFeO@n-Pr@Et-SOH materials demonstrated excellent performance in both the esterification of oleic acid and the oxidation of sulfides.

Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Influencing Patients' Preferences and Attitudes toward Dental Treatment Choices.

Introduction: In recent years, patient preferences and attitudes have become crucial in shaping dental treatment choices and service utilization. Understanding these preferences is crucial for improving service delivery and patient satisfaction.

Aim: This study aims to comprehensively analyze the factors influencing these preferences, focusing on demographic, socio-economic, and behavioral variables, and the growing role of social media in healthcare decisions.

Exploring the link between sex hormone-binding globulin levels and prostate cancer risk: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) plays a critical role in regulating androgen bioavailability and has been hypothesized to influence prostate cancer risk, though existing evidence is inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between SHBG levels and prostate cancer risk.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published up to December 1, 2024.

Rational designing of ZIF-67-derived CoO nanocomposite with hierarchical porous structure and extensive peroxidase mimetic activities for highly sensitive colorimetric detection of nitrite in drinking water.

A simple, fast, and cost-effective colorimetric nitrite (NO) sensor based on ZIF-67-derived CoO nanocomposite (ZCo-2 NC) structure has been developed. The prepared colorimetric sensor (ZCo-2 NC) was employed to sensitively detect NO in drinking water system by the exhibition of promising peroxidase-mimicking nanozyme-like features. The sensor manifest well-determined sensing response with excellent linear and wide range of NO sensitivity (0.

Insights into the biogenic production of nanocomposites of NiO-chitosan for wastewater remediation.

In our study, we have tried to enhance the biological qualities of nickel oxide nanoparticles and nanocomposites which were prepared using the extract of Aegle marmelos tree leaves and chitosan biopolymer. For in-depth study of the fabricated samples, numerous physiochemical approaches were utilized. The analysis used consists of field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and photoluminescence, X-ray diffraction, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Identification and discrimination of human keratinized tissues using ATR-FTIR and chemometrics.

In forensic investigations, human keratinized tissues like skin and nails are commonly encountered as trace evidence, yet the use of vibrational spectroscopy for their identification and differentiation has been underexplored. This research utilized ATR-FTIR to distinguish between human nails and skin samples collected from a group of 50 participants, employing advanced chemometric analysis techniques. The spectral signatures of human keratinized tissues, such as nails and skin, exhibit similarities consistent with previous studies.

Trends and projections of type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: a three-decade analysis and forecast through 2031 using global burden of disease study (1990 - 2021).

Background: The rapid rise of non-communicable diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), poses a significant global public health challenge, with South Asia experiencing an increasingly severe burden. This study aimed to analyse historical trends of T2DM across South Asia from 1990 to 2021 and forecast incidence through 2031.

Research Design And Methods: We carried out analysis based on the data from the 2021 Global burden of disease study.

Machine learning-based estimation of crude oil-nitrogen interfacial tension.

Accurate estimation of interfacial tension (IFT) between nitrogen and crude oil during nitrogen-based gas injection into oil reservoirs is imperative. The previous research works dealing with prediction of IFT of oil and nitrogen systems consider synthetic oil samples such n-alkanes. In this work, we aim to utilize eight machine learning methods of Decision Tree (DT), AdaBoost (AB), Random Forest (RF), K-nearest Neighbors (KNN), Ensemble Learning (EL), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network (MLP-ANN) to construct data-driven intelligent models to predict crude oil - nitrogen IFT based upon experimental data of real crude oils samples encountered in underground oil reservoirs.

Interactions between lncRNAs and cyclins/CDKs complexes; key players in determining cancer cell response to CDKs inhibitors.

Transcription takes place over a significant portion of the human genome. However, only a small portion of the transcriptome, roughly 1.2 %, consists of RNAs translated into proteins; the majority of transcripts, on the other hand, comprise a variety of RNA families with varying sizes and functions.

Polypyrrole functionalized MoS for sensitive and simultaneous determination of heavy metal ions in water.

Assessing heavy metal ion (HMI) contamination to sustain drinking water hygiene is a challenge. Conventional approaches are appealing for the detection of HMIs but electrochemical approaches can resolve the limitations of these approaches, such as tedious sample preparation, high cost, time consuming and the need for trained professionals. Here, an electrochemical approach is developed using a nano-sphered polypyrrole (PPy) functionalized with MoS (PPy/MoS) by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry for the detection of HMIs.