Health risk assessments of heavy metals in dust samples collected from classrooms in Ilorin, Nigeria and its impact on public health.

Over the past three decades, heavy metals (HMs) in indoor dust have been a significant focus due to their environmental and health risks. This study assessed HM contamination (Co, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and As) in classroom and lecture theatre dust in Ilorin, Nigeria, across dry and rainy seasons. Dust samples from primary, secondary, and university settings were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry and ICP-OES.

Artificial intelligence in stroke rehabilitation: From acute care to long-term recovery.

Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, driving the need for advanced rehabilitation strategies. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into stroke rehabilitation presents significant advancements across the continuum of care, from acute diagnosis to long-term recovery. This review explores AI's role in stroke rehabilitation, highlighting its impact on early diagnosis, motor recovery, and cognitive rehabilitation.

DFT investigation of 5-fluorouracil tautomerism and non-covalent interactions with PLGA nanoparticles for enhanced drug delivery and sensing.

This study investigates the non-covalent interactions between both the free and tautomeric forms of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles through density functional dispersion correction (DFT-D) at the B3LYP-D level in a dichloromethane (DCM) and water environments. Our results indicate that the non-covalent interactions formed between the carbonyl and amide groups of the free form of 5-FU and the carboxyl group of PLGA facilitate a rapid initial release of the drug, aligning with experimental findings. The calculated binding energies for 5-FU in its keto-enol (-0.

Urease-coupled systems and materials: design strategies, scope and applications.

Synthetic systems have co-opted urease, a crucial enzyme serving many biological functions, to recapitulate complex biological features. Therefore, the urease-urea feedback reaction network (FCRN) is reciprocated with soft materials to induce various animate-like features, including self-regulation, error correction, and decision-making capabilities, that are processed through a variety of non-linear functions. Although free-urease-based homogeneous systems are capable of adhering to many non-linear characteristics, they lack the ability to showcase the diffusion-controlled spatiotemporal phenomena.

Identifying the Function of Kinesin Superfamily Proteins in Gastric Cancer: Implications for Signal Transduction, Clinical Significance, and Potential Therapeutic Approaches.

Gastric cancer (GC), a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, poses a significant global health challenge. Given its complex etiology, understanding the molecular pathways driving GC progression is crucial for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. Among the diverse proteins involved in cellular transport and mitotic regulation, kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) have emerged as key players in tumor biology.

Deciphering a crosstalk between biological cues and multifunctional nanocarriers in lung cancer therapy.

In recent years, the utilization of nanocarriers has significantly broadened across a diverse spectrum of biomedical applications. However, the clinical translation of these tiny carriers is limited and encounters hurdles, particularly in the intricate landscape of the tumor microenvironment. Lung cancer poses unique hurdles for nanocarrier design.

The role of TLRs (microbe recognition receptor) in gastric cancer: An update.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the result of a convoluted series of incidents that include host genetic susceptibility, Helicobacter pylori infection, and other external influences. The emergence of many hereditary and chromatin modifications in carcinogenic and tumor-inhibiting genes results in the disruption of several molecular networks, upsetting the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis as well as the cell cycle. Important roles are played by members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family in both native and adaptive immunological reactions.

Crosstalk between microRNA and inflammation; critical regulator of diabetes.

A growing body of evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs may be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diabetes, given their changed expression profile as the disease progresses. There is growing interest in using individual miRNAs or whole miRNA clusters linked to diabetes as therapeutic targets because of their abnormal expression and functioning. In diabetes, miRNAs are also involved in inflammatory and immunological responses.

KIFC1 in cancer: Understanding its expression, regulation, and therapeutic potential.

Kinesins are a family of motor proteins essential for intracellular transport and cellular dynamics, with kinesin family member C1 (KIFC1) emerging as a key regulator of cancer progression. Recent studies highlight KIFC1's crucial role in mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and cell migration-processes frequently dysregulated in cancer. Its involvement in promoting malignant cell proliferation and metastasis underscores its significance in tumor biology.

Prevalence of Mpox vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among people living with HIV: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Vaccine acceptance among People Living with HIV (PLWH) is crucial for managing and mitigating the spread of infectious diseases, including Mpox. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the rate of vaccine acceptance for Mpox among PLWH and identify factors influencing these rates.

Methods: We searched major databases including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to 30 August 2024 for observational studies involving PLWH that reported on mpox vaccine acceptance rates.

Molecular mechanisms of lncRNA NEAT1 in the pathogenesis of liver-related diseases, with special focus on therapeutic approaches.

Liver diseases are a major worldwide health concern, with high rates of dysfunction and mortality. In recent years, a variety of lncRNAs have been studied and discovered to be engaged in numerous cellular-level regulatory mechanisms as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), which play a significant role in the development of liver-related diseases. A class of RNA molecules known as lncRNAs, which are over 200 nucleotides long, do not translate into proteins.

A bio-mimicking cobalt tetramenthol-substituted phthalocyanine-based electrochemical sensor for selective and sensitive detection of -butylhydroquinone.

Healthy eating choices and adequate nutritional foods are the most important factors in extending a person's life expectancy. Synthetic antioxidants are frequently used in the food industry as preservatives despite their toxicity and hence have drawn much attention for their accurate monitoring. This study explores the newly designed cobalt tetramenthol substituted phthalocyanine (CoTMPc) for the electrocatalytic detection of an artificial food preservative, , tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ).

Effects of soy consumption on serum adiponectin and leptin levels: An umbrella review of meta-analyses based on randomized controlled trials.

The therapeutic effects of soy consumption on adipokine concentrations have yielded inconsistent results in previous meta-analyses. This umbrella meta-analysis aims to investigate the impact of soy and its isoflavones on serum adiponectin and leptin levels in adults. We searched the Cochrane Central, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases until October 10, 2024.

Targeting CXCR2 signaling in inflammatory lung diseases: neutrophil-driven inflammation and emerging therapies.

Inflammatory lung diseases (ILDs) such as asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COVID-19, cystic fibrosis, and lung cancer impose a substantial worldwide healthcare impact. The pathophysiology of these disorders is primarily influenced by the involvement of neutrophils, which are crucial triggers in the natural immune reaction. Neutrophils participate in pulmonary inflammation and tissue destruction.

piRNAs in leukemogenesis: Mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic implications.

The small, non-coding RNAs known as piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) serve essential roles in gene regulation by silencing transposable elements and protecting oncogenes and tumour suppressors. The production of piRNA bioactive forms uses precursor mRNAs, which team with Piwi proteins to support genome maintenance. Accurate leukaemia regulation requires piRNAs because abnormalities in these regulatory elements contribute to disease development and drug resistance progression.

Recent advances in MXene nanozyme-based optical and electrochemical biosensors for food safety analysis.

The importance of nanotechnology is increasing every day in different fields and, especially, the application of nanomaterials has attracted considerable attention in food safety. Among different nanomaterials, MXenes, which are two-dimensional (2D) transition metal-based layered materials made of nitrides and carbides, have revolutionized various fields as a cutting-edge scientific discovery in nanotechnology. These materials have been widely used in the structure of biosensors and sensors due to their excellent metallic conductivity, mechanical stability, optical absorbance, good redox capability, and higher heterogeneous electron transfer rate.

BiFeO₃ as a Next-Generation Photocatalyst: Bridging Material Design with Environmental Remediation.

Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO₃) is a multiferroic perovskite material with a narrow band gap (~2.1 eV), demonstrating significant potential as a photocatalyst for environmental remediation and sustainable energy applications. Its photocatalytic capabilities include dye degradation, air purification, wastewater treatment, and hydrogen generation, all driven by its ability to harness visible light.

Exosome-based miRNA delivery: Transforming cancer treatment with mesenchymal stem cells.

Recently, increasing interest has been in utilizing mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes, as nanocarriers for miRNA delivery in cancer treatment. Due to such characteristics, nanocarriers are specific: biocompatible, low immunogenicity, and capable of spontaneous tumor accumulation. MSC-EVs were loaded with therapeutic miRNAs and minimized their susceptibility to degradation by protecting the miRNA from accessibility to degrading enzymes and providing targeted delivery of the miRNAs to the tumor cells to modulate oncogenic pathways.

miR-210: A non-invasive biomarker for hypoxia-driven lung cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Lung cancer is one of the major cancer-related deaths in the world due to the low success rate in invasive diagnostic procedures and late staging. Hypoxia-associated molecular signatures have received attention due to a growing demand for non-invasive prognostic biomarkers, and miR-210 has been repoured as the only viable candidate. Tumor hypoxia is a characteristic of highly malignant lung cancer, and hypoxia-inducible factors increase miR-210 in this process as a way of allowing cancer cells to inhabit low oxygen conditions and grow further in lung cancer.

Multifunctional acetoacetanilide additive strategy for enhanced efficiency and stability in perovskite solar cells.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered tremendous interest for their cost-effective solution-based fabrication process and impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE). The performance and stability of PSCs are closely tied to the quality of the perovskite film. Additive engineering has emerged as a highly effective strategy to achieve stable and efficient PSCs.

From protein to immunology: comprehensive insights into Marburg virus vaccines, mechanism, and application.

The Marburg virus (MARV), a member of the Filoviridae family, is a highly lethal pathogen that causes Marburg virus disease (MVD), a severe hemorrhagic fever with high fatality rates.Despite recurrent outbreaks, no licensed vaccine is currently available. This review explores MARV's genomic architecture, structural proteins, and recent advancements in vaccine development.

Plant-derived terpenoids modulating cancer cell metabolism and cross-linked signaling pathways: an updated reviews.

Cancer is a critical health issue that remains a predominant cause of mortality globally. It is a complex disease that may effectively regulate many signaling pathways and modify the metabolism of the body to evade the immune system. Understanding neoplastic metabolic reprogramming as a hallmark of cancer has facilitated the creation of innovative metabolism-targeted treatment strategies.

Trends of the Dementia Burden in South Asia: An Analysis of 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the trends in the burden of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias (ADoD) in South Asia from 1990 to 2021, focusing on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). The objective is to identify key risk factors, such as metabolic and behavioral health risks, and assess regional variations in the burden of ADoD across five South Asian countries India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 report were analyzed using descriptive statistics and join point regression analysis.

Prevalence and risk of cognitive impairment among patients with asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory condition, is hypothesized to influence cognitive health; however, the precise nature of this association remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the prevalence and risk of cognitive impairment in individuals with asthma.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, spanning publications up to December 25, 2023.

Molecular mechanisms of Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis: therapeutic implications.

The Hippo signaling pathway is a pivotal regulator of tissue homeostasis, organ size, and cell proliferation. Its dysregulation is profoundly implicated in various forms of cancer, making it a highly promising target for therapeutic intervention. This review extensively evaluates the mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of the Hippo pathway in cancer cells and the molecular processes linking these alterations to tumorigenesis.