Mandibular mucormycosis following SARS-CoV-2 infection - A case report and review of literature.

Background: The second wave of COVID-19 pandemic has seen an unprecedented rise in the number of mucormycosis cases worldwide and in India particularly. This otherwise rare fungal infection has become an endemic among patients who have recovered from recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among the different types of mucormycosis, rhino-orbital-cerebral involvement has mainly been observed in the recent surge of cases.

Rucabarib: A new lease of life for ovarian cancer patients.

Background: Rucaparib is a drug with potential as maintenence monotherapy in ovarian cancers irrespective of genetic mutation.

Methods: The results of the ARIEL 3 trial were analysed for the drug's prospects towards cure in ovarian and other pelvic malignancies.

Results: Ovarian cancer patients with highly malignant tumors and relapses on platinum based chemotherapy exhibited statistically significant reductions in tumor size with maintenance Rucaparib therapy vis a vis placebo.

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Tailored Exosomes Treat Bacteria-Associated Diabetes Foot Ulcers: A Customized Approach From Bench to Bed.

Exosomes are nano-vesicles of endosomal origin inherited with characteristics of drug delivery and cargo loading. Exosomes offer a diverse range of opportunities that can be exploited in the treatment of various diseases post-functionalization. This membrane engineering is recently being used in the management of bacteria-associated diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

5-ALA-Induced Fluorescent Cytology in the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer-a Preliminary Report.

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced fluorescence cystoscopy has established itself in the detection of flat and/or small lesions. This is explained by the simple fact that there is increased uptake of ALA, altered activity of certain enzymes, and altered intracellular redistribution and storage of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) in the malignant cells. Intracellular PPIX allows red fluorescence detection.

Preventable stillbirths in India and Pakistan: a prospective, observational study.

Objective: Stillbirths occur 10-20 times more frequently in low-income settings compared with high-income settings. We created a methodology to define the proportion of stillbirths that are potentially preventable in low-income settings and applied it to stillbirths in sites in India and Pakistan.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Exploring the convergence of knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards mental illness among nurses in South India: A cross-sectional analysis.

Mental illness is a leading cause of global morbidity. Over 10% of the Indian population experience a mental health disorder yet deficits in knowledge and negative attitudes towards metal illness limit early identification and treatment. We explored the relationship among knowledge, attitudes and practice among generalist nurses working at a large tertiary care hospital in South India.

Single-snip paralimbal incision: A quick approach to rectus muscles.

Introduction: Less invasive and quicker surgeries have become common. We compared two conjunctival incisional approaches in strabismus, namely Follow standard paralimbal approach for (SPLA) and single-snip paralimbal (SSPLA).

Materials And Methods: Forty-four patients with horizontal strabismus qualifying for uniocular recession-resection surgeries were randomized to SPLA and SSPLA.

Improved first trimester maternal iodine status with preconception supplementation: The Women First Trial.

Maternal iodine (I) status is critical in embryonic and foetal development. We examined the effect of preconception iodine supplementation on maternal iodine status and on birth outcomes. Non-pregnant women in Guatemala, India and Pakistan (n ~ 100 per arm per site) were randomized ≥ 3 months prior to conception to one of three intervention arms: a multimicronutrient-fortified lipid-based nutrient supplement containing 250-μg I per day started immediately after randomization (Arm 1), the same supplement started at ~12 weeks gestation (Arm 2) and no intervention supplement (Arm 3).

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children.

Introduction: The high success rates of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the clearance of large renal calculi has made it a primary mode of surgical management in adults. Similarly, in children too PCNL has been gaining ground and the indications for the same are on the rise. We retrospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of this technique, in children below 18 years of age.

Modified Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection in Groin-Negative Patients of Penile Cancer: Our Experience.

Cancer of the penis is an important health problem in India, causing significant morbidity. Involvement of locoregional lymph nodes is the most significant prognostic factor for patients with penile cancer. In this study, we reviewed clinical data of all patients who underwent modified inguinal lymph node dissection as a means to diagnose micro-metastasis in inguinal lymph nodes, and analysed the outcomes.

Pain medicine as a career.

Pain is one of the most common causes of seeking medical care. In the day to day clinical practice, incidence of pain of some origin is next only to common cold. The average life span of an Indian has also increased and this population is vulnerable to chronic and cancer pain.

Residual immune activation in HIV-Infected individuals expands monocytic-myeloid derived suppressor cells.

HIV-infected individuals on combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) with virologic suppression exhibit sustained immune dysfunction. Our recent work has highlighted that monocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells (M-MDSC) are elevated in these individuals and suppress immune responses. Factors responsible for M-MDSC expansion in vivo are unknown.

Transcriptional Control of the Oxidative Stress Response and Implications of Using Plant Derived Molecules for Therapeutic Interventions in Cancer.

The oxidative stress response is critical for malignant cells. It plays a dual role by helping cancer cells survive and proliferate but also causing apoptosis and apoptosis-- like cell death. The oxidative stress response is characterized by tight regulation of gene expression by a series of transcription factors (OSRts; oxidative stress response transcription factors).

Risk factors influencing postoperative outcome in patients with perforated peptic ulcer: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) has been associated with substantially high incidence of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the outcome of patients having perforated peptic ulcer undergoing surgical intervention.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of 112 patients with PPU who underwent emergency laparotomy between December 2014 and November 2016 were prospectively analyzed.

Serum MACC-1: a new biomarker for breast cancer.

Metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC-1) is a newly identified tumor marker, found to express in various normal and cancerous tissue. This study is conducted to evaluate the serum MACC-1 level as a diagnostic marker for breast cancer (BC). Sixty new BC patients were included in this study.

Neonatal deaths in rural Karnataka, India 2014-2018: a prospective population-based observational study in a low-resource setting.

Background: Neonatal mortality causes a substantial proportion of the under-5 mortality in low and middle-income countries (LMIC).

Methods: We undertook a prospective, population-based research study of pregnant women residing in defined geographic areas in the Karnataka State of India, a research site of the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research. Study staff collected demographic and health care characteristics on eligible women enrolled with neonatal outcomes obtained at delivery and day 28.

Therapeutic ureteroscopy for urolithiasis in children younger than 60 months of age.

Purpose: The management of urinary tract calculi has evolved dramatically in children with the development of smaller and more durable endoscopic equipment. The indications for therapeutic ureteroscopy in children have significantly expanded with the availability of smaller caliber endoscopes and Holmium:YAG laser. In this paper, we review our experience of the management of urolithiasis and report outcomes of therapeutic ureterorenoscopy (URS) in children younger than 60 months.

Effect of Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation on Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 Months in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Intake of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 22:6n-3) is very low among Indian pregnant women. Maternal supplementation during pregnancy and lactation may benefit offspring neurodevelopment. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test the effectiveness of supplementing pregnant Indian women (singleton gestation) from ≤20 weeks through 6 months postpartum with 400 mg/d algal DHA compared to placebo on neurodevelopment of their offspring at 12 months.

Prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly population residing in an urban area of Belagavi.

Context: Cognitive impairment (CI) is emerging as an important health problem of the elderly population in India. As the impact of this illness at various levels is not well understood, so situation analysis is the need of the hour.

Aims: (1) To know the prevalence of CI in elderly population residing in an urban area.

Elevated expression of RUNX3 co-expressing with EZH2 in esophageal cancer patients from India.

Background: Runt related transcription factor3 (RUNX3) is considered as a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) that functions through the TGF-β dependent apoptosis. Promoter methylation of the CpG islands of RUNX3 and overexpression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been suggested to downregulate RUNX3 in cancer.

Methods: Here, we studied the expression of RUNX3 and EZH2 in 58 esophageal tumors along with paired adjacent normal tissue.