Predicting outcome in acute stroke with large vessel occlusion-application and validation of MR PREDICTS in the ESCAPE-NA1 population.

Background: Predicting outcome after endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke is challenging. We aim to investigate differences between predicted and observed outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with endovascular treatment and to evaluate the performance of a validated outcome prediction score.

Patients And Methods: MR PREDICTS is an outcome prediction tool based on a logistic regression model designed to predict the treatment benefit of endovascular treatment based on the MR CLEAN and HERMES populations.

Single-cell immune profiling reveals markers of emergency myelopoiesis that distinguish severe from mild respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants.

Whereas most infants infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) show no or only mild symptoms, an estimated 3 million children under five are hospitalized annually due to RSV disease. This study aimed to investigate biological mechanisms and associated biomarkers underlying RSV disease heterogeneity in young infants, enabling the potential to objectively categorize RSV-infected infants according to their medical needs. Immunophenotypic and functional profiling demonstrated the emergence of immature and progenitor-like neutrophils, proliferative monocytes (HLA-DR , Ki67+), impaired antigen-presenting function, downregulation of T cell response and low abundance of HLA-DR B cells in severe RSV disease.

Early mucosal events promote distinct mucosal and systemic antibody responses to live attenuated influenza vaccine.

Compared to intramuscular vaccines, nasally administered vaccines have the advantage of inducing local mucosal immune responses that may block infection and interrupt transmission of respiratory pathogens. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is effective in preventing influenza in children, but a correlate of protection for LAIV remains unclear. Studying young adult volunteers, we observe that LAIV induces distinct, compartmentalized, antibody responses in the mucosa and blood.

Fatigue among anaesthesiologists in Europe: Findings from a joint EBA/NASC survey.

Background: Anaesthesiologists deliver an increasing amount of patient care and often work long hours in operating theatres and intensive care units, with frequent on-calls and insufficient rest in between. In the long term, this will negatively influence mental and physical health and well being. As fatigue becomes more prevalent, this has predictable implications for patient safety and clinical effectiveness.

Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for the Treatment of Noncalcific Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of the systematically review the short-, intermediate-, and long-term effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on pain intensity and shoulder function in individuals with noncalcific rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Design: The MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Embase were searched from inception up to June 2023. We included randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on pain intensity and shoulder function.

Factors Associated With Fast Early Infarct Growth in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke With a Large Vessel Occlusion.

Background And Objectives: The optimal methods for predicting early infarct growth rate (EIGR) in acute ischemic stroke with a large vessel occlusion (LVO) have not been established. We aimed to study the factors associated with EIGR, with a focus on the collateral circulation as assessed by the hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR) on perfusion imaging, and determine whether the associations found are consistent across imaging modalities.

Methods: Retrospective multicenter international study including patients with anterior circulation LVO-related acute stroke with witnessed stroke onset and baseline perfusion imaging (MRI or CT) performed within 24 hours from symptom onset.

BRCA1 frameshift variants leading to extended incorrect protein C termini.

Carriers of BRCA1 germline pathogenic variants are at substantially higher risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer than the general population. Accurate identification of at-risk individuals is crucial for risk stratification and the implementation of targeted preventive and therapeutic interventions. Despite significant progress in variant classification efforts, a sizable portion of reported BRCA1 variants remain as variants of uncertain clinical significance (VUSs).

Design of a phase III, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of BI 1015550 in patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis (FIBRONEER-ILD).

Introduction: Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) includes any diagnosis of progressive fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, disease progression appears comparable between PPF and IPF, suggesting a similar underlying pathology relating to pulmonary fibrosis. Following positive results in a phase II study in IPF, this phase III study will investigate the efficacy and safety of BI 1015550 in patients with PPF (FIBRONEER-ILD).

Ibero-American Consensus Review and Incorporation of New Biomarkers for Clinical Practice in Colorectal Cancer.

Advances in genomic technologies have significantly improved the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). Several biomarkers have been identified in CRC that enable personalization in the use of biologic agents that have shown to enhance the clinical outcomes of patients. However, technologies used for their determination generate massive amounts of information that can be difficult for the clinician to interpret and use adequately.

CT Perfusion Does Not Modify the Effect of Reperfusion in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Endovascular Treatment in the ESCAPE-NA1 Trial.

Background And Purpose: Although reperfusion is associated with improved outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular treatment, many patients still do poorly. We investigated whether CTP modifies the effect of near-complete reperfusion on clinical outcomes, ie, whether poor clinical outcomes despite near-complete reperfusion can be partly or fully explained by CTP findings.

Materials And Methods: Data are from the Safety and Efficacy of Nerinetide in Subjects Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy for Stroke (ESCAPE-NA1) trial.

A Delphi consensus on the management of Spanish patients with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture: OSARIDELPHI study.

Unlabelled: The OSARIDELPHI study evaluated the level of agreement between specialists in osteoporosis regarding the management of patients with high-risk fractures in Spain. The results provide expert-based recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment related to fracture risk. Therefore, the study facilitates clinical decision-making for managing this patient's profile.

Design of a phase III, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of BI 1015550 in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (FIBRONEER-IPF).

Unlabelled: IntroductionThere is an unmet need for new treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The oral preferential phosphodiesterase 4B inhibitor, BI 1015550, prevented a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) in a phase II study in patients with IPF. This study design describes the subsequent pivotal phase III study of BI 1015550 in patients with IPF (FIBRONEER-IPF).

Association of Brain Atrophy With Functional Outcome and Recovery Trajectories After Thrombectomy: Post Hoc Analysis of the ESCAPE-NA1 Trial.

Background And Objectives: Brain frailty may impair the ability of acute stroke patients to cope with the injury, irrespective of their chronologic age, resulting in impaired recovery. We aim to investigate the impact of brain atrophy on functional outcome assessed at different time points after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Methods: In this retrospective post hoc analysis of the ESCAPE-NA1 trial, we analyzed CT imaging data for cortical atrophy by using the GCA scale, including region-specific scales, and subcortical atrophy by using the intercaudate distance to inner table width (CC/IT) ratio.

Optimizing Patient-Centered Stroke Care and Research in the Prehospital Setting.

Over the past decades, continuous technological advances and the availability of novel therapies have enabled treatment of more acute medical conditions than ever before. Many of these treatments, such as intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke, are highly time sensitive. This has raised interest in shifting advanced acute care from hospitals to the prehospital setting.

Association study of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial pneumonia marked by progressive lung fibrosis and a poor prognosis. Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of infection in the pathogenesis of IPF and a prior association of the gene with idiopathic fibrotic interstitial pneumonia (including IPF) has been reported. Due to the important role that the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) region plays in the immune response, here we evaluated if HLA genetic variation was associated specifically with IPF risk.

TRAPnSeq allows high-throughput profiling of antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells.

Following activation by cognate antigen, B cells undergo fine-tuning of their antigen receptors and may ultimately differentiate into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). While antigen-specific B cells that express surface receptors (B cell receptors [BCRs]) can be readily cloned and sequenced following flow sorting, antigen-specific ASCs that lack surface BCRs cannot be easily profiled. Here, we report an approach, TRAPnSeq (antigen specificity mapping through immunoglobulin [Ig] secretion TRAP and Sequencing), that allows capture of secreted antibodies on the surface of ASCs, which in turn enables high-throughput screening of single ASCs against large antigen panels.

Obese Asthma Phenotype Is Associated with hsa-miR-26a-1-3p and hsa-miR-376a-3p Modulating the IGF Axis.

Clarifying inflammatory processes and categorising asthma into phenotypes and endotypes improves asthma management. Obesity worsens severe asthma and reduces quality of life, although its specific molecular impact remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that hsa-miR-26a-1-3p and hsa-miR-376a-3p, biomarkers related to an inflammatory profile, discriminate eosinophilic from non-eosinophilic asthmatics.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing before and after intravenous iron in preoperative patients: a prospective clinical study.

Background: Anemia is associated with impaired physical performance and adverse perioperative outcomes. Iron-deficiency anemia is increasingly treated with intravenous iron before elective surgery. We explored the relationship between exercise capacity, anemia, and total hemoglobin mass (tHb-mass) and the response to intravenous iron in anemic patients prior to surgery.

Infarct Core Growth During Interhospital Transfer For Thrombectomy Is Faster At Night.

Background: Preclinical stroke models have recently reported faster infarct growth (IG) when ischemia was induced during daytime. Considering the inverse rest-activity cycles of rodents and humans, faster IG during the nighttime has been hypothesized in humans.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated acute ischemic stroke patients with a large vessel occlusion transferred from a primary to 1 of 3 French comprehensive stroke center, with magnetic resonance imaging obtained at both centers before thrombectomy.

Microendoscopic Surgery for Degenerative Disorders of the Cervical and Lumbar Spine: The Influence of the Tubular Workspace on Instrument Angulation, Clinical Outcome, Complications, and Reoperation Rates.

Background: Long-term clinical outcomes with microendoscopic spine surgery (MESS) are poorly investigated. The effect of instrument angulation on clinical outcomes has yet to be assessed.

Methods: A total of 229 consecutive patients operated on via two MESS systems were analyzed.

Individual glioblastoma cells harbor both proliferative and invasive capabilities during tumor progression.

Background: Glioblastomas are characterized by aggressive and infiltrative growth, and by striking heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether tumor cell proliferation and invasion are interrelated, or rather distinct features of different cell populations.

Methods: Tumor cell invasion and proliferation were longitudinally determined in real-time using 3D in vivo 2-photon laser scanning microscopy over weeks.