Dietary aluminium intake disrupts the overall structure of gut microbiota in Wistar rats.

Approximately, 40% of ingested dietary aluminium accumulates in the intestine, which has been considered a target organ for dietary aluminium exposure. The gut microbiota may be the first protective barrier against the toxic metal aluminium and a crucial mediator of the bioavailability of metal aluminium. We previously evaluated dietary aluminium intake and its health risks in a population from Jilin Province, China, and found that the average daily intake of aluminium in the diet of residents in Jilin Province was 0.

Circulating tumour DNA biomarkers in savolitinib-treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer harbouring exon 14 skipping alterations: a analysis of a pivotal phase 2 study.

Background: Savolitinib, a selective MET inhibitor, showed efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC), harbouring exon 14 skipping alteration (ex14).

Objective: To analyse , the association between circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) biomarkers and clinical outcomes, including resistance, with savolitinib.

Design: A multicentre, single-arm, open-label phase 2 study.

Sintilimab versus docetaxel as second-line treatment in advanced or metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, randomized controlled phase 3 trial (ORIENT-3).

Background: Treatment options for Chinese patients with locally advanced or metastatic squamous-cell non-small-cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC) after failure of first-line chemotherapy are limited. This study (ORIENT-3) aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sintilimab versus docetaxel as second-line treatment in patients with locally advanced or metastatic sqNSCLC.

Methods: ORIENT-3 was an open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled phase 3 trial that recruited patients with stage IIIB/IIIC/IV sqNSCLC after failure with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.

Multiplexed imaging of tumor immune microenvironmental markers in locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer characterizes the features of response to PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy.

Background: Although programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade plus chemotherapy can significantly prolong the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in first-line settings in patients with driver-negative advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the predictive biomarkers remain undetermined. Here, we investigated the predictive value of tumor immune microenvironmental marker expression to characterize the response features to PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy.

Methods: Tumor tissue samples at baseline were prospectively collected from 144 locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients without driver gene alterations who received camrelizumab plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone.

Efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective multi-center study.

Apatinib is a novel antiangiogenic agent that targets vascular endothelial growth factor 2. The aim of our study was to explore the efficacy and safety of apatinib in the treatment of patients with recurrence or metastasis (R/M) inoperable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This multi-center retrospective study analyzed 53 cases of recurrent or metastatic inoperable HNSCC who had progressed or recurred after undergoing standard radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy treated with apatinib from March 2017 to August 2021.

Role of ginsenoside Rh2 in tumor therapy and tumor microenvironment immunomodulation.

Ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2), the major bio-active ginsenoside that originated from the root of Panax ginseng, has become a "hot topic" for playing multifunctional roles in both tumor treatment and tumor microenvironment (TME) immunomodulation. Up to now, emerging experimental research about Rh2 in tumor therapy and immuno-regulation has been published, however, the specific reviews focused on its role in the TME were limited. Hence, in this article, we briefly summarized existing evidence supporting the anticancer effects and potential mechanisms of Rh2 according to the tumor type, including anti-proliferation, anti-invasion, and metastasis, induction of cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenesis, promotion of reactive oxygen species and differentiation.

Bifunctional anti-PD-L1/TGF-βRII agent SHR-1701 in advanced solid tumors: a dose-escalation, dose-expansion, and clinical-expansion phase 1 trial.

Background: Dual inhibition of PD-1/PD-L1 and TGF-β pathways is a rational therapeutic strategy for malignancies. SHR-1701 is a new bifunctional fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody against PD-L1 fused with the extracellular domain of TGF-β receptor II. This first-in-human trial aimed to assess SHR-1701 in pretreated advanced solid tumors and find the population who could benefit from SHR-1701.

[Retracted] MicroRNA‑874 inhibits proliferation and invasion of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells by directly targeting paired box 6.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editors' attention by a concerned reader that certain of the data shown for the cell migration and invasion assays in Figs. 2C, 4C and 5C were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles by different authors. Owing to the fact that the contentious data in the above article had already been published elsewhere, or were already under consideration for publication, prior to its submission to , the Editor has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal.

[Atezolizumab therapy in Chinese patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors: An open-label, phase Ⅰ study].

Objective: To evaluate pharmacokinetics (PK), efficacy, and safety of atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) in high interest cancers in China, including esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC), and non-small cell lung can-cer (NSCLC).

Methods: This phase I, open-label study was conducted at 6 Chinese sites from August 4, 2016 to April 15, 2019. The patients were ≥18 years old with a histologically documented incurable or metastatic solid tumor that was advanced or recurrent and had progressed since the last anti-tumor the-rapy.

Long-Term Efficacy, Safety, and Subgroup Analysis of Savolitinib in Chinese Patients With NSCLCs Harboring Exon 14 Skipping Alterations.

Introduction: Savolitinib has been found to have encouraging antitumor activity and a favorable safety profile in Chinese patients with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma and other NSCLCs with exon 14 skipping alterations ( ex14 positive) at the primary analysis of a phase 2 study. Here, we present the long-term efficacy and safety data of savolitinib, including subgroup analyses.

Methods: This multicenter, single-arm, open-label, phase 2 study in the People's Republic of China enrolled MET inhibitor-naive adults with locally advanced or metastatic ex14-positive NSCLC (NCT02897479).

Effect of First-Line Serplulimab vs Placebo Added to Chemotherapy on Survival in Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The ASTRUM-005 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy has changed the approach to first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). It remained unknown whether adding a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor to chemotherapy provided similar or better benefits in patients with extensive-stage SCLC, which would add evidence on the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of extensive-stage SCLC.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse event profile of the PD-1 inhibitor serplulimab plus chemotherapy compared with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage SCLC.

Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NTRK gene fusion solid tumors in China.

Gene fusions can drive tumor development for multiple types of cancer. Currently, many drugs targeting gene fusions are being approved for clinical application. At present, tyrosine receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors targeting neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene fusions are among the first "tumor agnostic" drugs approved for pan-cancer use.

First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric, gastroesophageal junction and esophageal adenocarcinoma: CheckMate 649 Chinese subgroup analysis.

First-line chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) has poor median overall survival (OS; <1 year). We report efficacy and safety results from Chinese patients in the phase III global CheckMate 649 study of nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of GC/GEJC/esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Chinese patients with previously untreated advanced or metastatic GC/GEJC/EAC were randomized to receive nivolumab (360 mg Q3W or 240 mg Q2W) plus chemotherapy (XELOX [capecitabine and oxaliplatin] Q3W or FOLFOX [oxaliplatin, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil] Q2W), nivolumab plus ipilimumab (not reported) or chemotherapy alone.

Changes of gut microbiota in colorectal cancer patients with infection.

is a parasitic trichomonads protozoa that parasitizes in the colon and cecum of humans and other animals. Our previous studies have demonstrated that infection with is associated with the incidence of colon cancer (37.93%).

The treatment efficacy of three-layered functional polymer materials as drug carrier for orthotopic colon cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide disease posing serious threats to people's life. Surgery and postsurgical chemotherapy are still the first choices to control the rapid progression of cancer. However, tumor recurrence and even distant metastasis are prone to occur.

Robotic versus laparoscopic surgery for middle and low rectal cancer (REAL): short-term outcomes of a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: Robotic surgery for rectal cancer is gaining popularity, but evidence on long-term oncological outcomes is scarce. We aimed to compare surgical quality and long-term oncological outcomes of robotic and conventional laparoscopic surgery in patients with middle and low rectal cancer. Here we report the short-term outcomes of this trial.

Efficacy and safety of selpercatinib in Chinese patients with advanced -altered thyroid cancers: results from the phase II LIBRETTO-321 study.

Background: Selpercatinib, a highly selective and potent REarranged during Transfection (RET) kinase inhibitor, is effective in advanced -altered thyroid cancer (TC). However, the efficacy and safety in Chinese patients are unknown.

Patients And Methods: In the open-label, multi-center phase II LIBRETTO-321 (NCT04280081) study, Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors harboring alterations received selpercatinib 160 mg twice daily.

Central Nervous System Efficacy of Furmonertinib (AST2818) Versus Gefitinib as First-Line Treatment for EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Results From the FURLONG Study.

Introduction: Furmonertinib (AST2818) is a pan-EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor with central nervous system (CNS) antitumor activity. We report the CNS efficacy of furmonertinib compared with gefitinib in untreated EGFR-sensitizing mutation-positive NSCLC from the FURLONG study.

Methods: FURLONG was a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study conducted in 55 hospitals in the People's Republic of China.

Efficacy and safety of selpercatinib in Chinese patients with advanced fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase II clinical trial (LIBRETTO-321).

Introduction: Oncogenic alterations in occur in 1-2% of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). The efficacy and safety of the first-in-class, highly selective, and potent RET inhibitor selpercatinib in Chinese patients with fusion-positive NSCLC remains unknown.

Methods: In this open-label, multicenter, phase II study (NCT04280081), patients with advanced -altered solid tumors received selpercatinib (160 mg orally twice daily) in a 28-day cycle.

Sintilimab plus bevacizumab biosimilar IBI305 and chemotherapy for patients with EGFR-mutated non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer who progressed on EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitor therapy (ORIENT-31): first interim results from a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3 trial.

Background: VEGF inhibitors can enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, despite high initial response rates, almost all patients eventually develop treatment resistance to EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sintilimab with or without IBI305 plus pemetrexed and cisplatin, compared with pemetrexed and cisplatin alone, for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had disease progression after receiving EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitor therapy.

Frontier progress of the combination of modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, accounting for 90% of primary liver cancer) was the sixth most common cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer death in 2020. The number of new HCC patients in China accounted for nearly half of that in the world. HCC was of occult and complex onset, with poor prognosis.