Involvement of RBP-J interacting and tubulin-associated protein in the distribution of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 in mitotic spindles.

The protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) is a key regulator of microtubule crosslinking and bundling, which is crucial for spindle formation and cytokinesis. RITA, the BP-J nteracting and ubulin-ssociated protein, is a microtubule associated protein. We have reported that RITA localizes to mitotic spindles modulating microtubule dynamics and stability as well as to spindle poles affecting the activity of Aurora A.

Failed labral reconstruction of the hip can be successfully revised to another labral reconstruction: improved patient-reported outcomes at a minimum of 2-year follow-up.

The purpose of this study was to validate the success of revision arthroscopic circumferential allograft labral reconstruction (CLR) in nonarthritic hips, which, in the rare case of failure, had previously undergone labral reconstruction by the same surgeon. Using a minimum of 24-month follow-up, data from 24 hips having undergone revision CLR were analyzed to determine improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROs). All included cases completed a minimum of 24 months follow-up, with a success rate of 96%.

High performance of the diffusion magnetic resonance imaging biomarker diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) for separating placentas associated with pre-eclampsia from placentas in normal pregnancy.

Background: Diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) is a surrogate of the area of micro-vessels per unit tissue. DDVD is calculated according to: DDVD (b0b50) = Sb0/ROIarea0 - Sb50/ROIarea50, where Sb0 and Sb50 refer to the tissue signal when is 0 or 50 s/mm. Due to the complexity of pre-eclampsia (PE), even a combination of risk factors and available tests cannot accurately diagnose or predict PE.

Lower osteoporotic-like vertebral fractural deformity (OLVF) prevalence and severity among older Thais and Indonesians than among older Chinese.

Background: Chinese are known to have a lower vertebral fragility fracture risk than Caucasians. This study evaluates radiographic osteoporotic-like vertebral fractural deformity (OLVF) prevalence and severity among Chinese, Thai, Indonesian women and men.

Methods: In an epidemiological study with community subjects, spine radiographs (T4-L5) were sampled for 195 Thai women (mean: 73.

Majority of hip fragility fractures among older people can be predicted by a DXA examination: an updated analysis of literature results and empirical Chinese data with a focus on the validation of the newly proposed osteofrailia criterion for men.

Background: How different gender-specific bone mineral density cutpoint T-scores are associated with different hip fragility fracture (FFx) prediction sensitivity has not been well studied. This article presents an updated analysis of hip FFx prediction among older people by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measure, using literature results and our own Chinese data.

Methods: We systematically searched literature reports on DXA T-score results measured at the timepoint of a hip FFx.

Influences of the second motion probing gradient -value and T2 relaxation time on magnetic resonance diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) calculation: the examples of liver, spleen, and liver simple cyst.

Background: Magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) is calculated according to: DDVD = Sb0/ROI - S/ROI, where S and S refer to the tissue signal when -value is 0 or 2 s/mm. S and ROI can also be approximated by other low -values diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). This study investigates the influence of the second motion probing gradient -value and T2 on DDVD calculations of the liver, spleen, and liver simple cyst.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT): A Systematic Review and Post-hoc Analysis.

Background And Objective: N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is currently being studied for its therapeutic potential in various psychiatric disorders. An understanding of its pharmacokinetics (PK) is essential to determine appropriate dose ranges in future clinical studies. We conducted a systematic literature review on the PK of DMT.

Double Povidone-Iodine 5% Preparation Before Cataract Surgery for Endophthalmitis Prevention.

Objective: To compare endophthalmitis rates after cataract extraction in patients with different preoperative prophylaxis: double povidone-iodine preparation with topical antibiotics versus a control group.

Methods: All cases of postoperative endophthalmitis over the last 17 years were reviewed. Incidence rates of endophthalmitis for all cataract surgeries (current procedural terminology codes 66982 and 66984) performed by 26 surgeons were calculated.

Differentiation of Atherosclerotic Carotid Plaque Components With Dual-Energy Computed Tomography.

Objectives: Carotid plaque vulnerability is a strong predictor of recurrent ipsilateral stroke, but differentiation of plaque components using conventional computed tomography (CT) is suboptimal. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ability of dual-energy CT (DECT) to characterize atherosclerotic carotid plaque components based on the effective atomic number and effective electron density using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and, where possible, histology as the reference standard.

Materials And Methods: Patients with recent cerebral ischemia and a ≥2-mm carotid plaque underwent computed tomography angiography and MRI.

Education Research: Trends of Neurology Clerkships in the United States Amidst a Global Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: To report a 2022 survey of US medical school neurology clerkship directors (CDs) and to compare the results with those of similar surveys conducted in 2005, 2012, and 2017.

Methods: An American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Consortium of Neurology Clerkship Directors (CNCD) workgroup developed the survey sent to all neurology CDs listed in the AAN CNCD database. Comparisons were made with 2005, 2012, and 2017 surveys.

Real-World Impact of Uncontrolled Symptoms and Suboptimal Treatment Response in Patients With Crohn's Disease in the United States and Europe.

Background: Despite a wide range of available treatments, there is limited evidence as to why significant numbers of Crohn's disease (CD) patients do not achieve disease remission or continue to have residual symptom burden. We aimed to quantify the impact of this suboptimal treatment on patient symptom incidence and severity, quality of life (QoL), and work impairment.

Methods: Data were derived from the Adelphi Real World CD Disease Specific Programme, a cross-sectional survey of CD patients and their treating physicians in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States between January 2020 and March 2021.

Accelerated enzyme engineering by machine-learning guided cell-free expression.

Enzyme engineering is limited by the challenge of rapidly generating and using large datasets of sequence-function relationships for predictive design. To address this challenge, we develop a machine learning (ML)-guided platform that integrates cell-free DNA assembly, cell-free gene expression, and functional assays to rapidly map fitness landscapes across protein sequence space and optimize enzymes for multiple, distinct chemical reactions. We apply this platform to engineer amide synthetases by evaluating substrate preference for 1217 enzyme variants in 10,953 unique reactions.

Symptomatic early coronary graft failure in bypass surgery patients: incidence, predictors and clinical impact.

Objectives: Coronary graft failure (CGF) may occur early after coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG). The study aimed to identify clinical and perioperative risk factors and to evaluate the long-term clinical impact of symptomatic early CGF.

Methods: Patients who underwent clinically indicated coronary angiography (CAG) prior to post-CABG discharge between 2012 and 2022 were included.

Mixed-phase enabled high-rate copper niobate anodes for lithium-ion batteries.

The advancement of rapid-response grid energy storage systems and the widespread adoption of electric vehicles are significantly hindered by the charging times and energy densities associated with current lithium-ion battery technology. In state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries, graphite is employed as the standard negative electrode material. However, graphite suffers from polarization and deteriorating side-reactions at the high currents needed for fast charging.

Discrepancies in PD-L1 expression, lymphocyte infiltration, and tumor mutational burden in non-small cell lung cancer and matched brain metastases.

Background: Differences in the immune microenvironment and responses to immunotherapy may exist between primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and brain metastases (BMs). This study aimed to investigate discrepancies in programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), and tumor mutational burden (TMB) between matched BMs and primary tumors (PTs) in NSCLC.

Methods: Twenty-six pairs of surgically resected BMs and corresponding PTs from NSCLC patients were collected.

Differential Connectivity Patterns of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: A Large-scale Brain Network Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), significantly impact the quality of life in older adults. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a critical stage for intervention and can predict the development of dementia. The causes of these two diseases are not fully understood, but there is an overlap in their neuropathology.

Ideal outcome after pancreatic resection for neuroendocrine tumors: a nationwide study.

Background: Pancreatic resections for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) may experience a higher complication rate than for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to determine the rate of the novel composite "Ideal Outcome" measure after resection for pNET, using PDAC as reference.

Methods: This observational cohort study included all consecutive patients after pancreatic resection for pNET and PDAC using the nationwide Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Audit (2014-2021).

Safety and Efficacy of Deutetrabenazine at High versus Lower Daily Dosages in the ARC-HD Study to Treat Chorea in Huntington Disease.

Background: Huntington disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes psychiatric and neurological symptoms, including involuntary and irregular muscle movements (chorea). Chorea can disrupt activities of daily living, pose safety issues, and may lead to social withdrawal. The vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitors tetrabenazine, deutetrabenazine, and valbenazine are approved treatments that can reduce chorea.

Disruption of BCAA degradation is a critical characteristic of diabetic cardiomyopathy revealed by integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis.

In this study, we integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in a diabetic rat model. Functional and molecular characterizations revealed significant cardiac injury, dysfunction, and ventricular remodeling in DCM. A thorough analysis of global changes in genes and metabolites showed that amino acid metabolism, especially the breakdown of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) such as valine, leucine, and isoleucine, is highly dysregulated.

Current Trends in Virtual Exercise Interventions Among People With Disabilities: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To analyze existing literature on virtual exercise interventions delivered to people with disabilities to assess effectiveness, efficiency, usability, satisfaction, and feasibility, and describe current trends that aimed to improve health outcomes among people with disabilities.

Data Sources: CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched.

Study Selection: Articles were included if they were (1) incorporated a virtual exercise intervention including people with physical disabilities and mobility limitations aged 18 years and older and (2) published between the years of 2009-August 14, 2024 with free access to full-text, peer-reviewed papers; and (3) published in English.

Opposing roles of p38α-mediated phosphorylation and PRMT1-mediated arginine methylation in driving TDP-43 proteinopathy.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder typically characterized by insoluble inclusions of hyperphosphorylated TDP-43. The mechanisms underlying toxic TDP-43 accumulation are not understood. Persistent activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is implicated in ALS.

Cognitive and Alzheimer's disease biomarker effects of oral nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation in older adults with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment.

Introduction: Age-associated depletion in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) concentrations has been implicated in metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders. Supplementation with NAD+ precursors, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR), offers a potential therapeutic avenue against neurodegenerative pathologies in aging, Alzheimer's disease, and related dementias. A crossover, double-blind, randomized placebo (PBO) controlled trial was conducted to test the safety and efficacy of 8 weeks' active treatment with NR (1 g/day) on cognition and plasma AD biomarkers in older adults with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment.