Anterior Cruciate Ligament Stump Elongation Technique for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Restoration.

There is renewed interest in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) preservation techniques. Prior studies have shown good outcomes and low failure rates with ACL preservation in patients with good tissue quality and more proximal tears. We describe a technique intended to assist surgeons in obtaining maximal length of the ACL stump during ACL preservation surgery.

High-efficiency base editing in the retina in primates and human tissues.

Stargardt disease is a currently untreatable, inherited neurodegenerative disease that leads to macular degeneration and blindness due to loss-of-function mutations in the ABCA4 gene. We have designed a dual adeno-associated viral vector encoding a split-intein adenine base editor to correct the most common mutation in ABCA4 (c.5882G>A, p.

Heritable polygenic editing: the next frontier in genomic medicine?

Polygenic genome editing in human embryos and germ cells is predicted to become feasible in the next three decades. Several recent books and academic papers have outlined the ethical concerns raised by germline genome editing and the opportunities that it may present. To date, no attempts have been made to predict the consequences of altering specific variants associated with polygenic diseases.

YAP-driven malignant reprogramming of oral epithelial stem cells at single cell resolution.

Tumor initiation represents the first step in tumorigenesis during which normal progenitor cells undergo cell fate transition to cancer. Capturing this process as it occurs in vivo, however, remains elusive. Here we employ spatiotemporally controlled oncogene activation and tumor suppressor inhibition together with multiomics to unveil the processes underlying oral epithelial progenitor cell reprogramming into tumor initiating cells at single cell resolution.

Longitudinal association between nailfold capillaroscopy and incident interstitial lung disease: A EUSTAR database analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate (1) the association between nailfold capillaroscopy pattern and 5-year risk for incident interstitial lung disease and (2) the association between transition in nailfold capillaroscopy pattern and risk of incident interstitial lung disease.

Methods: Data of adult patients from the EUSTAR database fulfilling the ACR-EULAR criteria with a disease duration ⩽5 years, having a scleroderma pattern at nailfold capillaroscopy with high-resolution computed tomography confirmed absence of interstitial lung disease (i.e.

Neither Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate nor Platelet-Rich Plasma Improves Patient-Reported Outcomes After Surgical Management of Acetabular Labral Tears; However, Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate May Be Effective for Moderate Cartilage Damage: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To (1) systematically assess which orthobiologic agents are being used in acetabular labral repairs and (2) report all available outcomes for patients undergoing operative management for labral repairs with orthobiologic agents.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were queried in August 2023. Articles were included if they used an orthobiologic agent during hip arthroscopy for acetabular labral repair and reported functional outcomes.

Both English- and Spanish-Language Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Online Patient Education Materials Are Written at Higher-Than-Recommended Reading Levels.

Purpose: To examine the overall reading levels of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction online patient education materials (OPEMs) written in English and Spanish.

Methods: We conducted Google searches for OPEMs using "ACL surgery" and "" as English and Spanish search terms, respectively. Several measures of readability were used to analyze 25 English-language OPEMs (Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch Reading Ease Grade Level, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Coleman-Liau Index, Gunning Fog Index, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook) and 25 Spanish-language OPEMs (Fernández-Huerta Index, Fernández-Huerta Grade Level, and Índice de Legibilidad de Flesch-Szigriszt).

Cumulative Impact Loading and Cartilage Synthesis Biomarkers May Be Associated With Injury Risk in Female Collegiate Basketball Players.

Purpose: To evaluate whether cumulative impact load and serum biomarkers are related to lower-extremity injury and to determine any impact load and cartilage biomarker relationships in collegiate female basketball athletes.

Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study evaluating lower-extremity impact load, serum cartilage biomarkers, and injury incidence over the course of a single collegiate women's basketball season. Data were collected from August 2022 to April 2023; no other follow-up after the cessation of the season was conducted in this cohort.

Oral Health Care: A Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Maintaining good oral hygiene is essential for preventing and managing oral health problems. This systematic review aimed to identify and assess clinical practice guidelines on oral hygiene, focusing on quality and key areas. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane, and organizational websites.

Aqueous Proteomic and Metabolomic Profiles in Low-Energy vs High-Energy Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the aqueous proteomics and metabolomics in low-energy and high-energy femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS).

Methods: In this prospective observational study, 72 patients were randomized to 3 groups: low-energy FLACS, high-energy FLACS, and conventional phacoemulsification (controls). Aqueous was collected after femtosecond laser treatment or at the beginning of surgery (controls).

EWSR1::BEND2 Adenocarcinoma with Hyaline Pseudorosettes of the Trachea.

We describe the novel occurrence of a adenocarcinoma involving the trachea, with distinct solid and glandular components, in a 34-year-old patient. We illustrate its morphological and immunophenotypic features and describe the molecular finding of an EWSR1::BEND2 gene fusion detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS). We discuss the findings in comparison to BEND2-fusion associated neoplasms reported in the head and neck region in the literature to date.

Enhanced D614G and Omicron Variants Antibody Persistence in Infants at 2 Months of Age Following Maternal mRNA Booster Vaccination During Pregnancy or Postpartum.

Background: Following maternal COVID-19 vaccination, the persistence of antibodies in sera and breast milk for mothers and infants is not well characterized. We sought to describe the persistence of antibodies through 2 months after delivery in maternal and infant serum and breast milk following maternal COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and to examine differences by receipt of booster dose during pregnancy or postpartum.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study with enrollment from July 2021 to January 2022 at 9 US academic sites.

Perseverance of Optimal Realignment is Associated With Improved Cost-utility in Adult Cervical Deformity Surgery.

Background: Early-term complications may not predict long-term success after adult cervical deformity (ACD) correction.

Objective: Evaluate whether optimal realignment results in similar rates of perioperative complications but achieves longer-term cost-utility.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Establishing a new human pneumococcal standard reference serum, MPRSS-01.

Measuring the immunogenicity of pneumococcal vaccines involves the use of immunoassays to measure serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels post-vaccination with the current human reference serum standard (007sp) for anti-pneumococcal capsule antibodies. Development of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) with additional serotypes not in 007sp (e.g.

Usefulness of Aortic Valve Calcification in Patients With Low-Flow Aortic Stenosis.

Background: Aortic valve calcification (AVC) has been shown to be a powerful assessment of aortic stenosis (AS) severity and a predictor of adverse outcomes. However, its accuracy in patients with low-flow AS has not yet been proven. The objective of the study was to assess the predictive value of AVC in patients with classical low-flow (CLF, that is, low-flow reduced left ventricular ejection fraction) or paradoxical low-flow (PLF, that is, low-flow preserved left ventricular ejection fraction) AS.

NPA7: A Dual Receptor Activating Peptide That Inhibits Cardiac Oxidative Stress.

Background: Cardiomyocyte oxidative stress significantly contributes to the progression of hypertension-induced heart failure, highlighting the need for targeted therapies. We developed a novel peptide, NPA7, that coactivates the GC-A (guanylyl cyclase A)/cGMP and MasR (Mas receptor)/cAMP pathway. This study aimed to test NPA7's ability to inhibit oxidative stress by modulating the p62-KEAP1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1)-NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) pathway in human cardiomyocytes (HCMs) and a rat model of hypertension.

Communication Link Analysis of a Low-Earth Orbit Satellites Considering Interference Sources Moving Along Various Parabola-Curved Paths.

We analyze the communication link of an LEO satellite considering interference sources moving along various parabola-curved paths. In this situation, the location of the ground station, airborne interference source paths, and the satellite's trajectory were expressed in the East-North-Up (ENU) coordinate system. The airborne interference source path is designed using a parabola equation with a directrix parallel to the satellite's trajectory to analyze the interference situation for more diverse interference source paths, rather than using a straight path.

Development and Evaluation of Five-in-One Vaccine Microneedle Array Patch for Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B, and Type b: Immunological Efficacy and Long-Term Stability.

: The development of a five-in-one vaccine microneedle patch (five-in-one MN patch) aims to address challenges in administering vaccines against Diphtheria (DT), Tetanus (TT), Pertussis (wP), Hepatitis B (HBsAg), and type b (Hib). Combining multiple vaccines into a single patch offers a novel solution to improve vaccine accessibility, stability, and delivery efficiency, particularly in resource-limited settings. : The five-in-one MN patch consists of four distinct microneedle arrays: DT and TT vaccines are coated together on one array, while wP, HepB, and Hib vaccines are coated separately on individual arrays.

Heat-Killed subsp. 557 Extracts Protect Chondrocytes from Osteoarthritis Damage by Reducing Inflammation: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition characterized by joint pain and disability, driven by excessive oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production in chondrocytes, resulting in cell death and cartilage matrix breakdown. Our previous study showed that in monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rats, oral administration of heat-killed subsp. 557 (LDL557) could significantly decrease OA progression.

Investigating the Impact of Glycogen-Depleting Exercise Combined with Prolonged Fasting on Autophagy and Cellular Health in Humans: A Randomised Controlled Crossover Trial.

Importance: Although prolonged fasting has become increasingly popular, the favourable biological adaptations and possible adverse effects in humans have yet to be fully elucidated.

Objective: To investigate the effects of a three-day water-only fasting, with or without exercise-induced glycogen depletion, on autophagy activation and the molecular pathways involved in cellular damage accumulation and repair in healthy humans.

Design: A randomised, single-centre, two-period, two-sequence crossover trial.

Microbubble-Protected Oncolytic Virotherapy Targeted by Sonoporation Induces Tumor Necrosis and T-Lymphocyte Infiltration in Humanized Mice Bearing Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Oncolytic virotherapy has shown great promise in mediating targeted tumor destruction through tumor-selective replication and induction of anti-tumor immunity; however, obstacles remain for virus candidates to reach the clinic. These include avoiding neutralizing antibodies, preventing stimulation of the adaptive immune response during intravenous administration, and inducing sufficient apoptosis and immune activation so that the body's defense can work to eradicate systemic disease. We have developed a co-formulation of oncolytic viruses (OVs) with Imagent lipid-encapsulated, perfluorocarbon microbubbles (MBs) to protect the OVs from the innate and adaptive immune system.

Skeletal Muscle Mass Loss Leads to Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation and Higher Tracheotomy Rates in Critically Ill Patients.

: Skeletal muscle mass depletion adversely affects critically ill patient outcomes. Standardized methods for assessing muscle mass in this population are limited, particularly regarding changes during ICU stays and their implications for risk stratification. : In this secondary analysis of our prospective data registry of surgical ICU patients, we used a single slice extracted from a computed tomography scan to determine the patient's direction of absolute change in skeletal muscle mass between two different time points (-14 d to +0 d and +5 d to +21 d) during his or her critical illness.

The Impact of Comorbid Sleep-Disordered Breathing on Hospitalization Risk Related to Diabetes and Atherosclerotic Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

To determine the relationship between comorbid sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and hospitalization rates related to diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic disease (AD). This study used a retrospective cohort design from a large medical claims database with 5 years of data between 2018 and 2022. The presences of SDB, DM, and AD were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and relevant Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes.