Relationship Between Severity of Ischemia and Coronary Artery Disease for Different Stress Test Modalities in the ISCHEMIA Trial.

Background: The relationship between the extent and severity of stress-induced ischemia and the extent and severity of anatomic coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with obstructive CAD is multifactorial and includes the intensity of stress achieved, type of testing used, presence and extent of prior infarction, collateral blood flow, plaque characteristics, microvascular disease, coronary vasomotor tone, and genetic factors. Among chronic coronary disease participants with site-determined moderate or severe ischemia, we investigated associations between ischemia severity on stress testing and the extent of CAD on coronary computed tomography angiography.

Methods: Clinically indicated stress testing included nuclear imaging, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, or nonimaging exercise tolerance test.

CT-guided Left Stellate Ganglion Cryoneurolysis for Refractory Ventricular Arrhythmias.

Background Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs), including ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, present substantial therapeutic challenges due to their high morbidity, mortality, and increasing prevalence. Current treatments often prove infeasible or inadequate in patients with refractory VAs. Purpose To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of CT-guided left stellate ganglion cryoneurolysis (SGC) in the treatment of refractory VAs.

Osteochondral Abnormalities on Three-Dimensional Ultrashort Echo Time MRI Scans Are Associated with Knee Cartilage Degradation.

Background The calcified cartilage layer and subchondral bone plate (SBP) contribute to osteoarthritis development. Three-dimensional (3D) ultrashort echo-time (UTE) MRI can help to evaluate calcified cartilage and SBP in various stages of cartilage degradation. Purpose To compare calcified cartilage and SBP abnormalities using 3D UTE MRI with cartilage degradation and osteochondral junction (OCJ) abnormalities observed at proton-density fast spin-echo with fat suppression (PDFS) MRI.

mRNA vaccines encoding membrane-anchored RBDs of SARS-CoV-2 mutants induce strong humoral responses and can overcome immune imprinting.

We investigated mRNA vaccines encoding a membrane-anchored receptor-binding domain (RBD), each a fusion of a variant RBD, the transmembrane (TM) and cytoplasmic tail fragments of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. In naive mice, RBD-TM mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced strong humoral responses against the target RBD. Multiplex surrogate viral neutralization (sVNT) assays revealed broad neutralizing activity against a range of variant RBDs.

Integration of a surgical bipolar ablation device within an electroanatomical mapping system during epicardial ventricular tachycardia ablation via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a case report.

Background: Epicardial ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation is an established approach in patients with epicardial arrhythmogenic foci and is most commonly performed via percutaneous access. An alternative approach is via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), although reports of this technique are limited to the use of catheter-based technologies for radiofrequency ablation delivery.

Case Summary: A 55-year-old man with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy presented with recurrent VT despite medical therapy.

Histopathological fingerprints and biochemical changes as multi-stress biomarkers in fish confronting concurrent pollution and parasitization.

The current investigation examined histopathological and serum biochemical profiles to assess the interactive effects of river Saraswati's impaired physicochemical regime and parasite infection by ectoparasites ( sp., sp.) and endoparasites ( sp.

A Novel 14mer Peptide Inhibits Autophagic Flux via Selective Activation of the mTORC1 Signalling Pathway: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease.

During development, a 14mer peptide, T14, modulates cell growth via the α-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR). However, this process could become excitotoxic in the context of the adult brain, leading to pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent work shows that T14 acts selectively via the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1).

Effect of Elderberry ( L.) Extract Intake on Normalizing Testosterone Concentration in Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome Rat Model Through Regulation of 17β-HSD, 5α-Reductase, and CYP19A1 Expression.

Men experience Leydig cell and mitochondrial dysfunction due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species during aging, leading to hormonal imbalances in the body. This results in symptoms of testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) as testosterone levels decline. Consequently, there is a growing need for alternative therapies, such as phytotherapy, to regulate testosterone secretion.

Effect of Ceramides Derivatives from the Peach on Skin Function Improvement in UV-Irradiated Hairless Mice.

This study investigated the protective effects of a ceramides derivates from the peach (PF3) on photoaging by UV-irradiated hairless mice. Mice were randomly divided into seven groups: AIN93G without UVB exposure (normal control, NC), AIN93G with UVB exposure (control, C), AIN93G supplemented 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) of L-ascorbic acid with UVB exposure (AA), AIN93G supplemented 100 mg/kg BW of arbutin with UVB exposure (Arbutin), AIN93G supplemented 10 mg/kg BW of PF3 with UVB exposure (10PF3), AIN93G supplemented 20 mg/kg BW of PF3 with UVB exposure (20PF3), and AIN93G supplemented 40 mg/kg BW of PF3 with UVB exposure (40PF3). The study examined the impact of PF3 on skin hydration, wrinkle formation, and melanogenesis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), and Western blot analysis.

Instrument-Free Point-of-Care Diagnostic for Leishmania Parasites.

Background/objective: Leishmaniasis is the second deadliest parasitic disease in the world, after malaria, with an estimated 1.6 million new cases each year. While cutaneous leishmaniasis can result in permanent scars from lesions after treatment, the mucocutaneous and visceral diseases can result in life-altering and life-threatening complications.

Second-Look Needle Arthroscopy After Prior Surgical Treatment for Cartilage Lesions of the Ankle: The Amsterdam and New York City Perspectives.

Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the quality of the reparative cartilage during second-look needle arthroscopy following talar osteoperiostic grafting from the iliac crest (TOPIC) or autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) procedure for the management of large osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the talus.

Design: Prospective case series.

Methods: Patients who underwent second-look needle arthroscopy following either TOPIC or AOT procedure were prospectively recruited when they needed a second look.

A critical role of action-related functional networks in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS) is a chronic tic disorder, characterized by unwanted motor actions and vocalizations. While brain stimulation techniques show promise in reducing tic severity, optimal target networks are not well-defined. Here, we leverage datasets from two independent deep brain stimulation (DBS) cohorts and a cohort of tic-inducing lesions to infer critical networks for treatment and occurrence of tics by mapping stimulation sites and lesions to a functional connectome derived from 1,000 healthy participants.

A practice-oriented genome-profiling study for acute myeloid leukemia using the novel HANDLE system: HM-screen-JAPAN02.

HM-SCREEN-Japan is a multicenter collaborative project in Japan to evaluate the clinical utility of a cancer genome panel in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The HM-SCREEN-JAPAN02 study used the Amoy Myeloid Panel with the HANDLE system, which enables efficient and rapid sequencing, as the genomic testing kit. The Amoy Myeloid Panel targets 53 genes with established clinical significance or high prevalence.

[Structured triage in the emergency department via intelligent assistant service OPTINOFA : Results of a multicenter, cluster-randomized and controlled interventional study in Germany].

In Germany, a substantial reform of emergency care is strictly recommended. Regulation of patient flows into the ambulatory and stationary sectors remains a major issue.In the OPTINOFA project funded by Innovationsfunds, a new triage system was developed for a structured primary evaluation of both urgency and care level of emergency cases.

Theta/Beta Ratio Neurofeedback Effects on Resting and Task-Related Theta Activity in Children with ADHD.

The EEG theta band displays distinct roles in resting and task states. Low resting theta and transient increases in frontal-midline (fm) theta power during tasks are associated with better cognitive control, such as error monitoring. ADHD can disrupt this balance, resulting in high resting theta linked to drowsiness and low fm-theta activity associated with reduced cognitive abilities.

Editorial Commentary: Acetabular Cartilage Delamination in Patients Having Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome Surgery Requires a Single-Stage Solution.

Acetabular cartilage delamination (ACD) can result in focal chondral defects, increasing contact stresses and contributing to osteoarthritis. This is commonly associated with femoroacetabular impingement, particularly with cam deformities due to shearing of the cam on the acetabulum. Additionally, ACD associated with labral tears or chondrolabral separation, when untreated, can compromise labral repair outcomes.

Empirical use of growth hormone in IVF is useless: the largest randomized controlled trial.

Study Question: Does adjuvant growth hormone (GH) therapy in GnRH antagonist cycles improve reproductive outcomes in the general IVF population?

Summary Answer: Empiric adjuvant GH therapy in GnRH antagonist cycles does not improve IVF stimulation results or reproductive outcomes, including implantation, miscarriage, and clinical pregnancy rates.

What Is Known Already: Previous evidence regarding the benefits of GH therapy in IVF cycles has been inconclusive due to the lack of well-designed, large-scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the general IVF population.

Study Design, Size, Duration: This is a phase III open-label RCT involving 288 patients undergoing antagonist IVF cycles at the Ovo clinic in Montreal, Canada, between June 2014 and January 2020.

Gene editing without ex vivo culture evades genotoxicity in human hematopoietic stem cells.

Gene editing the BCL11A erythroid enhancer is a validated approach to fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction for β-hemoglobinopathy therapy, though heterogeneity in edit allele distribution and HbF response may impact its safety and efficacy. Here, we compare combined CRISPR-Cas9 editing of the BCL11A +58 and +55 enhancers with leading gene modification approaches under clinical investigation. Dual targeting of the BCL11A +58 and +55 enhancers with 3xNLS-SpCas9 and two single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) resulted in superior HbF induction, including in sickle cell disease (SCD) patient xenografts, attributable to simultaneous disruption of core half E-box/GATA motifs at both enhancers.

Chest Wall Injury Society recommendations for long-term follow-up after nonoperatively and operatively managed traumatic rib and sternal fractures.

Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.

Exploring non-Markovian dynamics: Stochastic analysis of a single-server retrial queue with recurrent clients and balking behavior under extended Bernoulli vacations.

The present study delves into the dynamics of a specific form of queueing system described as an retrial queue. Here, the queue comprises two distinct categories of clients: transit clients and recurrent clients. Transit clients are those who appear at the queue following a Poisson process, reflecting a random arrival pattern commonly seen in queueing scenarios.

Archetypal Analysis Reveals Consistent Visual Field Patterns for Stimulus Sizes III and V in Glaucoma and NAION.

Purpose: Disorders of the anterior optic nerve cause quantifiable patterns, or archetypes (AT), in visual fields (VFs) obtained using standardized automated perimetry using stimulus size III (size III). VFs with stimulus size V (size V) can reduce retest variability in eyes with moderate to severe loss. We postulated that VF testing using both stimuli would show similar ATs in eyes with glaucoma and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).

Pathology-Driven Automation to Improve Updating Documented Follow-Up Recommendations in the Electronic Health Record After Colonoscopy.

Introduction: Failure to document colonoscopy follow-up needs postpolypectomy can lead to delayed detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Automating the update of a unified follow-up date in the electronic health record (EHR) may increase the number of patients with guideline-concordant CRC follow-up screening.

Methods: Prospective pre-post design study of an automated rules engine-based tool using colonoscopy pathology results to automate updates to documented CRC screening due dates was performed as an operational initiative, deployed enterprise-wide May 2023.

Central control of dynamic gene circuits governs T cell rest and activation.

The ability of cells to maintain distinct identities and respond to transient environmental signals requires tightly controlled regulation of gene networks. These dynamic regulatory circuits that respond to extracellular cues in primary human cells remain poorly defined. The need for context-dependent regulation is prominent in T cells, where distinct lineages must respond to diverse signals to mount effective immune responses and maintain homeostasis.

Neutralizing GDF-15 can overcome anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 resistance in solid tumours.

Cancer immunotherapies with antibodies blocking immune checkpoint molecules are clinically active across multiple cancer entities and have markedly improved cancer treatment. Yet, response rates are still limited, and tumour progression commonly occurs. Soluble and cell-bound factors in the tumour microenvironment negatively affect cancer immunity.