Automated Detection of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Using CT Imaging for Calculating the Ventricle-to-Subarachnoid Volume Ratio.

Background And Purpose: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a diagnostic challenge because its clinical symptoms and imaging appearance resemble normal aging and other forms of dementia. Identifying NPH is essential so that patients can receive timely treatment to improve gait distortion and quality of life. An automated marker of NPH was developed and evaluated on clinical CT images, and its utility was assessed in a large patient cohort.

Supplementation with a Whey Protein Concentrate Enriched in Bovine Milk Exosomes Improves Longitudinal Growth and Supports Bone Health During Catch-Up Growth in Rats.

Background: Undernutrition impairs linear growth while restoration of nutritional provisions leads to accelerated growth patterns. However, the composition of the nutrition provided is key to facilitating effective catch-up growth without compromising bone quantity, quality, and long-term health.

Methods: We evaluated the role of a whey protein concentrate enriched in bovine milk exosomes (BMEs) in modulating the proliferative properties of human chondrocytes in vitro and studied how these effects might impact bone quantity and quality measured as longitudinal tibia growth, bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), and trabecular micro-CT parameters in stunted rats during catch-up growth.

Depression, anxiety, coping, and resilience among amputees: A cross-sectional tertiary care hospital-based study.

Background: Amputation significantly impacts an individual's physical and psychological well-being. It is essential to understand these implications of amputation as well as the coping and resilience of amputees as part of comprehensive patient care.

Aim: To study depression, anxiety, coping, and resilience among tertiary care amputee cases.

Bilateral symmetry assessment of healthy forearm kinematics using 4D-CT.

Advanced stage distal radio-ulnar joint (DRUJ) injury may warrant radius corrective osteotomy or arthroplasty. These procedures aim to restore geometry, function and kinematics and could benefit from preoperative planning where the contralateral forearm is typically used as reference. Natural variations regarding geometry and function between forearms are known but kinematic differences are not.

Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices: the RESONANCE Spanish registry.

Aims: Despite increasing evidence demonstrating the safety of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), this procedure is often neglected in this population. This Spanish registry aimed to determine the proportion of MRI referrals and performance among patients with pacemakers (PMs) or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs).

Methods And Results: This prospective, multicentre, open-label registry involved 21 Spanish centres.

Autoimmune Encephalitis and Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes: A Nationwide Study on Epidemiology and Antibody Testing Performance.

Background And Objectives: Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) and paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNSs) encompass a heterogeneous group of antibody-associated disorders. Both the number of syndromes and commercially available antibody tests have increased considerably over the past decade. High-quality population-based data on epidemiology of these disorders and real-world performance of antibody tests are needed.

Club Drugs and Psychiatric Outcomes: A Descriptive Case Series from Spain.

Background: illegal drugs significantly contribute to global health issues, with health complications often occurring not only in regular users with Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) but also in first-time and occasional users.

Methods: this study examines five clinical cases from a public hospital in Ibiza, Spain, where patients presented with acute psychiatric symptoms due to recreational drug use.

Results: Contrary to previous studies on SUDs, our patients typically had higher education levels and stable employment.

Context-restricted PD-(L)1 checkpoint agonism by CTLA4-Ig therapies inhibits T cell activity.

T cell surface CTLA4 sequesters the costimulatory ligands CD80 and CD86 on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to prevent autoimmunity. Therapeutic immunosuppression by recombinant CTLA4-immunoglobulin (Ig) fusion proteins, including abatacept, is also attributed to CD80/CD86 blockade. Recent studies show that CTLA4-Ig binding to APC surface cis-CD80:PD-L1 complexes can release the inhibitory ligand PD-L1, but whether this contributes to T cell inhibition remains unclear.

Cell-targeted gene modification by delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes in pseudotyped lentivirus-derived nanoparticles.

To fully utilize the potential of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing, time-restricted and targeted delivery is crucial. By modulating the pseudotype of engineered lentivirus-derived nanoparticles (LVNPs), we demonstrate efficient cell-targeted delivery of Cas9/single guide RNA (sgRNA) ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes, supporting gene modification in a defined subset of cells in mixed cell populations. LVNPs pseudotyped with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein resulted in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-dependent insertion or deletion (indel) formation in an ACE2/ACE2 population of cells, whereas Nipah virus glycoprotein pseudotyping resulted in Ephrin-B2/B3-specific gene knockout.

Impact of upgrading from a 25-cm to a 30-cm z-axis field of view digital PET/CT in a pediatric hospital.

Background: Increased positron emission tomography (PET) scanner z-axis coverage provides an opportunity in pediatrics to reduce dose, anesthesia, or repeat scans due to motion.

Objective: Recently, our digital PET scanner was upgraded from a 25-cm to a 30-cm z-axis coverage. We compare the two systems through National Electrical Manufacturing Association (NEMA) testing and evaluation of paired images from patients scanned on both systems.

Patient-reported daily functioning after SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in autoimmune neuromuscular diseases.

Background And Purpose: There are concerns for safety regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for patients with autoimmune neuromuscular disease. We compared daily functioning using disease-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations.

Methods: In this substudy of a prospective observational cohort study (Target-to-B!), patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 were included.

Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy evaluation using a high-resolution wavefront sensor.

This study aims to evaluate the applicability of the high-resolution WaveFront Phase Imaging Sensor (WFPI) in eyes with Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (FECD) through qualitative and quantitative analysis using a custom-designed Automatic Guttae Detection Method (AGDM). The ocular phase was measured using the t eyede aberrometer and then was processed to obtain its High-Pass Filter Map (HPFM). The subjects were pathological and healthy patients from the Fundación Jiménez-Díaz Hospital (Madrid, Spain).

Different patterns of persistent somatic symptoms after COVID-19 reported by the Dutch media and the general population.

Objective: Post COVID-19 condition is characterized by persistent symptoms after COVID-19 with yet unknown etiology. To explore whether media-related nocebo effects potentially contribute to post COVID-19 condition, we studied in an observational cohort whether frequencies of media coverage of symptoms after COVID-19 corresponded with prevalence rates of these symptoms in participants from a general population cohort diagnosed with COVID-19.

Methods: Prevalence rates and typology of symptoms after COVID-19 in the general population (N = 4231), adjusted for prevalence rates in a matched non-infected control population (n = 8462) were calculated by using data on 23 symptoms from the Lifelines COVID-19 Cohort collected between March 2020 and August 2021.

Rotator Cuff Tears, Repairs, and Shoulder Arthroplasties Among Workers' Compensation Claimants: A 16-Year Longitudinal Study at a National Workers' Compensation Insurance Carrier.

Background: Rotator cuff repair (RCR) is increasingly being performed for both acute traumatic and degenerative tears of the rotator cuff, whereas total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is reserved for osteonecrosis of the humeral head, arthritis of the glenohumeral joint, and failed RCR.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the incidence and patient characteristics of rotator cuff tears (RCTs), RCRs, and TSAs among workers' compensation claimants.

Methods: A total of 8347 RCTs indemnity claims filed to Accident Fund Group from 2007 to 2022 were studied.

The Relationship between Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Using Different Delivery Methods.

Vaccine immunogenicity and reactogenicity depend on recipient and vaccine characteristics. We hypothesized that healthy adults reporting higher reactogenicity from seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) developed higher antibody titers compared with those reporting lower reactogenicity. We performed a secondary analysis of a randomized phase 1 trial of a trivalent IIV delivered by microneedle patch (MNP) or intramuscular (IM) injection.

Real-World Study of Serum Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Ocrelizumab-Treated People with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.

Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels have been proposed as a biomarker of the clinical activity, disability progression, and response to treatment of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS); however, questions remain about its implementation in clinical practice. Ocrelizumab (OCR) has proven effective in improving clinical and radiological outcomes and reducing sNfL levels. This real-life study followed the sNfL levels of 30 PwMS treated for 12 months with OCR and evaluated the usefulness of this biomarker for their short-term prognosis, considering expanded disability status scale (EDSS), annualized relapse rate (ARR), radiological activity, and NEDA-3 values.

Multisite Validation of a Functional Assay to Adjudicate Brugada Syndrome-Associated Variants.

Background: Brugada syndrome is an inheritable arrhythmia condition that is associated with rare, loss-of-function variants in . Interpreting the pathogenicity of missense variants is challenging, and ≈79% of missense variants in ClinVar are currently classified as variants of uncertain significance. Automated patch clamp technology enables high-throughput functional studies of ion channel variants and can provide evidence for variant reclassification.

Pearls & Oy-sters: Frontal Lobe Syndrome Secondary to Cocaine-Induced Midline Destructive Lesions.

Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions (CIMDL) are a rare complication of chronic intranasal cocaine use involving the centrofacial mucosal structures, often with nasal septum perforation and, in severe cases, involvement of neurocranial structures. Patients present with nasal obstruction, epistaxis, facial pain, nasal ulcerative lesions with crusting, and septal and palate perforation causing dysphagia and nasal reflux. CNS involvement is uncommon.

Comprehensive characterization of bacterial glycoconjugate vaccines by liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry.

Bacterial pathogens can cause a broad range of infections with detrimental effects on health. Vaccine development is essential as multi-drug resistance in bacterial infections is a rising concern. Recombinantly produced proteins carrying O-antigen glycosylation are promising glycoconjugate vaccine candidates to prevent bacterial infections.