Primary monophasic synovial sarcoma lung with brain metastasis diagnosed on transthoracic FNAC: Report of a case with literature review.

Synovial sarcoma is highly malignant tumor of soft tissues, occurring chiefly in the extremities and limb girdle with a propensity for local recurrence and sometimes metastases to the lungs. Primary synovial sarcoma arising in the lungs is rare and brain metastasis as presentation is further uncommon. We report a case of primary monophasic synovial sarcoma lung presenting with brain metastasis in a 35-year-old male patient.

Pemphigus vegetans: An unusual presentation.

Pemphigus vegetans is a rare variant of pemphigus vulgaris that is characterized by vegetating lesions primarily in the flexures. We report a 45-year-old male patient with an unusual presentation of the disease. A careful analysis of the clinical and laboratory findings enabled us to reach a diagnosis and successfully treat the patient.

Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial volume index in elderly patients with left ventricle anterior myocardial infarction.

Introduction: Enlarged left atrium predicts outcomes in patients with heart failure, atrial fibrillation and stroke. Left atrial volume especially when corrected for body size, is a more accurate representation of true LA size.

Aims And Objectives: To study left atrial volume index in elderly patients with left ventricle anterior infarction and correlate LAVi with left ventricle ejection fraction and transmitral Doppler flow.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis caused by fluconazole in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare but serious dermatologic disorders. These grave conditions present as medical emergency, requiring prompt diagnosis and management. These are often drug induced and various groups of drugs, such as sulfa drugs, NSAIDS, etc.

Biochemical association of hyperprolactinemia with hypothyroidism in infertile women.

Background: To find out the incidence of hyperprolactinemia in infertile women and to find its correlation with hypothyroidism.

Methods: One hundred infertile women attending the out patient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology formed the subject matter of the study. Hormone levels of prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were studied in all the subjects.

Pleural effusion as the initial manifestation of chronic myeloid leukemia: Report of a case with clinical and cytologic correlation.

Pleural effusion in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is very rare and poorly understood. We report here a 26-year-old male patient having CML and presenting with pleural effusion as the first clinical sign. The possible mechanism of pleural effusion in CML, the cytological interpretive problem and the clinical significance of finding immature leucocytes in pleural fluid are also briefly discussed.

Ethionamide-induced gynecomastia.

Gynecomastia is very rare during antituberculosis chemotherapy. We describe a 38-year-old male patient who developed a painful gynecomastia following second-line drug therapy for multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Gynecomastia disappeared after stopping the ethionamide.

Pharmacotherapy for multidrug resistant tuberculosis.

The current global concern in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is the emergence of resistance to the two most potent drugs namely, isoniazid and rifampicin. Emergence of multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is now a health problem faced by most of the developing countries as well as developed countries across the globe. MDR-TB is a man-made disease that is caused by improper treatment, inadequate drug supplies, and poor patient supervision.

Subclinical hypothyroidism and its association with cardiovascular risk factors.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) represents the mildest form of thyroid hormone deficiency and may be associated with adverse consequences [Subclinical hypothyroidism was defined as a TSH level > 4.0 mIU/L and a normal free thyroxine level 0.6-1.

Vitamin E supplementation may ameliorate oxidative stress in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.

Background: Increasing evidence in both experimental and clinical studies suggests that free radical mediated oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of both types of diabetes mellitus. Proteins and lipids are among the prime targets for oxidative stress. In this study we evaluated oxidative stress in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) patients by estimating lipid peroxidation and the effect of vitamin E on oxidative stress and metabolic parameters.

Cardiac conduction system affection in a case of swine flu.

We present a case of swine flu presenting as bilateral pneumonia with involvement of cardiac conduction system in the form of increased PR interval and sinus bradycardia during the initial course of disease process. To the best of our knowledge, affection of conducting system in a case of swine flu has not been reported in the literature so far.

Heimlich's maneuver-assisted bronchoscopic removal of airway foreign body.

Aspiration of foreign bodies (FBs) by children can lead to serious illness and sometimes even death. Bronchoscopic removal of the FB is necessary to prevent from any catastrophic event. Sometimes bronchoscopic removal is not possible due to the larger size of the FB, sharp FB, or long duration FB.

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and rheumatic mitral stenosis--an uncommon association.

The coexistence of rheumatic mitral stenosis and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is an uncommon entity. We report here one such case.

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis presenting with cavitary lesion and simulating a lung abscess.

A case of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is being described in a 52-year-old female patient who presented with a cavitary lesion on skiagram chest and simulating a lung abscess. Patient responded with the oral corticosteroid therapy with complete resolution of the initial radiographic abnormality. Despite various radiological presentations described in the literature, a lung abscess like presentation in ABPA is very rare and significant, because an early and correct diagnosis by the clinicians will help in early management of these cases to prevent the development of end-stage pulmonary fibrosis.

Non-small cell lung carcinoma presenting as carcinomatous meningitis.

Meningeal carcinomatosis is a diffuse infiltration of leptomeninges and sub arachnoid space by malignant cells metastasizing from systemic cancer. Primary bronchogenic carcinoma presenting as carcinomatous meningitis is a very rare occurrence in clinical practice, often occurring during the treatment course of the underlying malignancy. We present this rare presentation in a young non-smoker male.