Revolutionising Osseous Biopsy: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence in the Era of Personalised Medicine.

In a rapidly evolving healthcare environment, artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming diagnostic techniques and personalised medicine. This is also seen in osseous biopsies. AI applications in radiomics, histopathology, predictive modelling, biopsy navigation, and interdisciplinary communication are reshaping how bone biopsies are conducted and interpreted.

Radiomic signatures derived from baseline 18F FDG PET/CT imaging can predict tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte values in patients with primary breast cancer.

To determine the value of radiomics data extraction from baseline 18F FDG PET/CT in the prediction of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) among patients with primary breast cancer (BC).We retrospectively evaluated 74 patients who underwent baseline 18F FDG PET/CT scans for BC evaluation between October 2020 and April 2022. Radiomics data extraction resulted in a total of 131 radiomic features from primary tumors.

Biomechanical comparison of locking femoral neck plate versus cannulated screws with or without a medial buttress plate in Pauwels type 3 femoral neck fractures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the locking femoral neck plate (LFNP) can be an alternative fixation method to the cannulated screws with a medial buttress plate. For this purpose, we compared biomechanically the LFNP and cannulated screws with or without a medial buttress plate in Pauwels type 3 femoral neck fractures.

Methods: A vertical fracture model was created at an 80-degree angle to the femoral neck in 28 synthetic bone models.

Assessment of quality of life and psychosocial problems in children with Congenital Heart Disease.

Objective: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a condition that can significantly impact health-related quality of life due to the need for long-term follow-up and treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyse the quality of life of children diagnosed with CHD and to assess the relationship between the disease and their physical and mental well-being.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 180 patients and 180 healthy controls.

Socioeconomic status has direct impact on asthma control: Turkish adult asthma registry.

Background: Asthma is one of the most common causes of chronic respiratory disease, and countries with low socioeconomic status have both a high prevalence of asthma and asthma-related death.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine socioeconomic levels of asthmatic patients according to a national database and investigate the effects of social markers on disease control in our region.

Methods: This is an analysis of data from 2053 adult asthma patients from a multicentre chart study in Turkey.

Psychiatric characteristics of child survivors after the Kahramanmaraş double earthquake.

Background: The two strongest earthquakes in Turkey for eight decades hit Kahramanmaraş province on February 6, 2023. This study aimed to determine psychiatric complaints, acute stress symptoms, anxiety, depression, and sleep characteristics in children who were treated in a tertiary inpatient pediatric unit after the earthquakes. They were evaluated in the fourth week after the earthquake.

Cervical Retrieval of Giant Posterior Mediastinal Parathyroid Adenoma with Bizarre Morphology.

Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism and rarely reaches huge sizes. As the gland enlarges it may exhibit atypical morphology and extension to the mediastinum which may complicate the excision of the tumor while preserving the capsular integrity. We present a 35-year-old male patient who was referred to our department with a complaint of severe hypercalcemia.

The Prevalence of Migraine in Children Diagnosed with Familial Mediterranean Fever.

Purpose:  Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and serositis, caused by mutations in the gene. Inflammatory pathways associated with FMF are linked to increased proinflammatory cytokines, which may be related to primary headaches, including migraine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of migraine and other primary headaches in FMF patients.

[Multicentric Screening of Local Antibiotic Resistance in Uncomplicated Urinary System Infections: 1850 Patients from 37 Centers].

This study was aimed to identify the most frequently observed pathogens in uncomplicated urinary tract infections from outpatient urinary isolates obtained across seven different geographical regions in Türkiye and to determine whether the antibiotic resistance rates of these pathogens differ significantly between these regions. The study included patients aged 18 to 65 years who were diagnosed with uncomplicated urinary tract infections and had positive urine cultures from March 2021 to August 2022, across 37 different centers in Türkiye. The participating centers were selected based on their use of the disk diffusion method, in line with the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines, to ensure standardization of urine culture data.

Prognostic Significance of Preoperative NLR or PLR and PASS Score Combinations in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma.

Context: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have recently emerged in assessing pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs). However, their combined use with PASS scale has not yet been explored.

Objective: Our goal was to investigate the prognostic values of NLR and PLR and incorporate the PASS score into our analysis.

Predictive parameters of uncontrolled asthma in the real world: a prospective study.

Background: The ultimate goal of asthma management is to have complete control of the condition, yet the number of patients with uncontrolled asthma continues to rise. This study aims to determine the prevalence of uncontrolled asthma, identify predictive parameters, and compare MART and non-MART treatment regimes.

Methods: A prospective questionnaire was administered to 495 patients who signed the consent form.

Acellular dermal matrices in reconstructive surgery; history, current implications and future perspectives for surgeons.

Large-scale defects of body in the reconstructive surgical practice, and the helplessness of their repair with autologous tissues, have been an important factor in the development of artificial biological products for the temporary, definitive, or staged repair of these defects. A major advance in the field of plastic and other reconstructive surgery in this regard has been the introduction and successful use of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs). In recent years, not only the type of tissue from which ADMs are produced, product range, diversity and areas of use have increased, but their use in reconstructive fields, especially in post oncologic breast surgery, has become highly regarded and this has favored ADMs to be a potential cornerstone in specific and well-defined surgical fields in future.

What Is the Efficacy of Bilateral Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion in Cerebral Protection?

Acute type A aortic dissection is among the many types of catastrophic cardiovascular emergencies. The development of serious morbidity, especially neurological complications after the operation, remains a huge threat. We aimed to present comparatively the results of using unilateral or bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion to minimize these threats and to demonstrate the postoperative effects of antegrade cerebral perfusion choices.

Baseline Ga-68 PSMA PET-Derived Primary Tumor Parameters in Patients with Prostate Cancer and Their Association with Clinical Risk Stratification and Clinicopathologic Features.

 This article evaluates whether parameters derived from the gallium-68-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen ( Ga-PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging studies of primary prostate cancer (PCa) lesions were associated with Gleason score (GS), D'Amico risk class, Candiolo nomograms, and the metastatic status of the disease.  We retrospectively evaluated newly diagnosed PCa patients who underwent Ga-PSMA PET/CT before therapy. Age, baseline serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and metastatic status were recorded.

The Effectiveness of Ebselen in Facial Nerve Crush Injury: An Experimental Study.

Background: Ebselen is a neuroprotective drug that protects cellular components from oxidative damage by modulating enzymatic cofactors, metalloproteins, gene expression, antioxidant-anti-inflammatory effects, and immunological systems. Our goal was to compare the efficacy of Ebselen and methylprednisolone on rat facial nerve crush injury.

Methods: Thirty healthy male Wistar rats (mean weight of 245 g) were used in this study.

The Relationship Between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Cryptogenic Stroke in Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and cryptogenic stroke (CS) in patients diagnosed with patent foramen ovale (PFO) using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).

Methods: A retrospective, single-center study was conducted at a tertiary education and research hospital from January 2015 to December 2023. The study population included 1017 consecutive patients with sinus rhythm diagnosed with PFO, of whom 210 had CS.

End-to-end deep learning patient level classification of affected territory of ischemic stroke patients in DW-MRI.

Purpose: To develop an end-to-end DL model for automated classification of affected territory in DWI of stroke patients.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study, brain DWI studies from January 2017 to April 2020 from Center 1, from June 2020 to December 2020 from Center 2, and from November 2019 to April 2020 from Center 3 were included. Four radiologists labeled images into five classes: anterior cerebral artery (ACA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior circulation (PC), and watershed (WS) regions, as well as normal images.

Breast Cancer Recurrence in Initially Clinically Node-Positive Patients Undergoing Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in the NEOSENTITURK-Trials MF18-02/18-03.

Background: This study aims to identify factors predicting recurrence and unfavorable prognosis in cN+ patients who have undergone sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: The retrospective multi-centre "MF18-02" and the prospective multi-centre cohort registry trial "MF18-03" (NCT04250129) included patients with cT1-4N1-3M0 with SLNB+/- axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) post-NAC.

Results: A total of 2407 cN+ patients, who later achieved cN0 status after NAC and subsequently underwent SLNB, were studied.

Before and After Covid-19: What Has Changed in HIV Knowledge Level?

Introduction: The most essential way to prevent the transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), one of the most important communicable diseases, is to enhance public knowledge. Our study aimed to assess whether there were any changes in HIV knowledge following the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods: In Turkey, information stands were established in Izmir on 1 December 2017 and in public locations in both Istanbul and Izmir on 1 December 2021 to providing education the public about HIV/AIDS.

Overview of Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infections: has risk perception for RSV changed in children with comorbid conditions?

Objective: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary etiology of lower respiratory tract infection in children. The fluctuating incidence of RSV, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, has shifted the spotlight onto preventive strategies. Our study aims to investigate both the risk factors and clinical symptoms of RSV.

Dysfunction of PTEN-Associated MicroRNA Regulation: Exploring Potential Pathological Links in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with T cell-mediated pathogenesis of pancreatic β-cell destruction, leading to insulin deficiency. MicroRNAs such as miR-223 and miR-106b, along with PTEN, have been reported to participate in the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications. The current study has explored the expression of miR-223, miR-106b, and PTEN and their association with various clinical and biochemical parameters in subjects diagnosed with T1DM.

Trabectedin for L-Type Sarcoma: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

(1) Background: Metastatic L-type sarcomas (liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma) are rare and have a poor prognosis. Trabectedin is an effective agent that can be used after anthracyclines. This study was designed to evaluate the real-life effectiveness and safety of trabectedin.

Evaluating the Prognostic Nutritional Index for Predicting the Clinical Relevance of Angiographically Intermediate Coronary Lesions.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a widespread health issue globally, linked to significant morbidity and mortality. While oxidative stress, dysregulated lipid metabolism, and unhealthy lifestyle choices contribute to CAD, recent research highlights the role of immune responses and inflammation. Malnutrition, a modifiable risk factor, notably impacts CAD prognosis.