[Spontaneous reactivation of hepatitis B virus in an elderly patient: a case report and review of the literature].

Reactivation of resolved hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection without any immunosuppressants has rarely been reported. Here, we describe the spontaneous HBV reactivation in a 78-year-old male patient with resolved HBV infection. Twenty-five years ago, he received interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis C.

Endoscopic radial incision and cutting using balloonassisted enteroscopy for small intestinal stenosis related to Crohn's disease: a pilot study.

Background/aims: Radial incision and cutting (RIC) is an alternative dilation method for stenosis of the lower gastrointestinal tract. However, its safety and efficacy for the small intestine requiring balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) remain limited. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RIC using BAE.

Plug Closure for Ascending Aortic Pseudoaneurysms After TAVI Using Self-Expandable Valve.

A 90-year-old man received a diagnosis of ascending aortic pseudoaneurysms after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) using an Evolut PRO valve (Medtronic). Plug closure of the pseudoaneurysms was successfully performed, and the symptoms improved after the procedure. However, on postoperative day 4, the patient experienced sudden massive hemoptysis and died.

Intraosseous Ganglion Protruding Into the Spinoglenoid Notch With Suprascapular Nerve Entrapment: A Case Report.

Suprascapular nerve entrapment caused by intraosseous cystic lesions is a rare condition. We present the case of a 49-year-old man with right shoulder numbness, slight infraspinatus (ISP) weakness, and shoulder pain. He underwent open surgery and arthroscopic evaluation.

Humeral Metadiaphyseal Fracture With Severe Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder and Simultaneous Contralateral Proximal Humeral Fracture Treated With Bilateral Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Rare Case Report.

Simultaneous bilateral proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) are infrequent. Particularly rare are cases of PHFs extending to the metadiaphysis accompanied by severe osteoarthritis (OA) of the shoulder. To our knowledge, there have been no reports of bilateral fractures that include metadiaphyseal fractures with severe OA on one side and a PHF on the contralateral side, treated with bilateral reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA).

[Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in a Patient with Hemophilia A Assisted by Thromboelastography: Report of a Case].

We report a case of coronary artery bypass grafting using thromboelastography in a 42-year-old male patient with hemophilia A. He was diagnosed with hemophilia A at the age of three years old, and was also infected with hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). He complained of chest pain at home and was brought to our institute and diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction.

Clinical Outcomes of Transradial vs Nontransradial Aortoiliac Endovascular Therapy.

Background: The introduction of radial-specific equipment has made transradial (TR) aortoiliac (AI) endovascular therapy (EVT) more convenient.

Objectives: The authors aimed to investigate the perioperative outcomes of the TR approach in patients undergoing AI EVT for symptomatic peripheral artery disease.

Methods: The COMFORT (Contemporary Strategy for Aortoiliac Intervention) registry was a prospective, multicenter, observational study enrolling patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease undergoing AI EVT between January 2021 and June 2023.

Preliminary assessment of TNM classification performance for pancreatic cancer in Japanese radiology reports using GPT-4.

Purpose: A large-scale language model is expected to have been trained with a large volume of data including cancer treatment protocols. The current study aimed to investigate the use of generative pretrained transformer 4 (GPT-4) for identifying the TNM classification of pancreatic cancers from existing radiology reports written in Japanese.

Materials And Methods: We screened 100 consecutive radiology reports on computed tomography scan for pancreatic cancer from April 2020 to June 2022.

Effect of Enteral Zinc Supplementation on the Anthropometric Measurements of Preterm Infants at Discharge from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Evaluation of Copper Deficiency.

Enteral zinc supplementation in preterm infants has been reported to improve short-term weight and height gain. This study aims to evaluate whether early enteral zinc supplementation in preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) affects their physical measurements at discharge, and to periodically test serum copper levels. Of the 221 patients admitted to the NICU, 102 were in the zinc group and 119 were in the no-zinc group.

Simple prediction tools for disease progression in unvaccinated patients with mild/moderate COVID-19 aged under 65 years: Simplified DOATS and DOAT scores.

DOATS score and DOAT score, COVID-19 progression prediction tools we have developed, utilize clinical information such as presence of diabetes/obesity (DO), age (A), body temperature (T), and oxygen saturation (S). They showed good predictive power, but their scoring calculation was slightly complex, leading us to develop simplified versions. This report discusses the ability of the simplified versions to assess deterioration risk in unvaccinated, mild/moderate COVID-19 patients aged <65 years.

Risk stratification of synchronous gastric cancers including alcohol-related genetic polymorphisms.

Background And Aim: We previously identified that ever-smoking and severe gastric atrophy in pepsinogen are risk factors for synchronous gastric cancers (SGCs). This study aimed to determine the association of alcohol drinking status or alcohol-related genetic polymorphism with SGCs and also stratify their risk.

Methods: This multi-center prospective cohort study included patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for the initial early gastric cancers at 22 institutions in Japan.

Necrotizing fasciitis wound after debridement could be successfully treated with negative-pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwelling: A case report.

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is associated with a high mortality rate. Adequate incision and drainage and repeated debridement are necessary for NF management. After drainage, daily local irrigation should be performed.

Improving compliance with guidelines may lead to favorable clinical outcomes for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A retrospective multicenter study.

Objectives: Clinical guidelines recommend that patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) should be treated with appropriate adjuvant therapy. However, compliance with guideline recommendations is insufficient, and this may lead to unfavorable outcomes. We aimed to investigate the level of adherence to guideline recommendations in patients with NMIBC and evaluate the outcomes of those who did and did not receive guideline-recommended therapies.

Diagnostic utility of EUS-FNA in distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from gastric submucosal tumor: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Extrahepatically growing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) account for only 0.3 %-2.4 % of all hepatocellular carcinoma cases.

Usefulness of the Fibrosis-4 index and alanine aminotransferase at 1 year of nucleos(t)ide analog treatment for prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients.

Aim: Nucleos(t)ide analogs do not completely prevent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of a non-invasive liver fibrosis marker, the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, for predicting HCC development.

Methods: Among a total of 882 chronically hepatitis B virus infection-infected patients who were treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs, 472 patients without HCC history whose FIB-4 at baseline and 1 year of treatment was obtained were evaluated for the incidence of HCC.

A case of discordant histology and expression of programmed death ligand 1 between primary tumor and brain metastases in adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung.

A patient presented with vomiting and gait disturbance. Investigation revealed a single cerebellar tumor and another tumor in the upper lobe of the left lung. Based on the severe vomiting and gait disturbance, we removed the cerebellar tumor first, achieving resolution of symptoms.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation with pre-existing mitral valve prosthesis using cardiopulmonary bypass: A case report.

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is rarely performed in patients with a pre-existing mitral valve prosthesis, which was excluded from the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valve trial. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can provide sufficient hemodynamic stability to facilitate safe implantation; specifically, we prefer using normothermic femoro-femoral CPB. Careful attention should be paid to determine the positional relationship between the two valves in such patients.

Efficacy of selective transarterial chemoembolization for recurred liver metastases from intracranial meningioma: A case report.

Extracranial metastases from intracranial meningioma involve multiple organs with repeatedly recurrence. Due to the rarity of these metastases, management remains to be established, especially in cases that are not amenable to surgery, such as postsurgical relapse and multiple metastases. We present the case of a right tentorial meningioma with multiple extracranial metastases, including postsurgical recurrent liver metastases.