Medial and Lateral Meniscus Root Tear: Etiopathogenesis and Morphological Pattern in Indian Population.

Objective: This study aims to enhance our understanding of the morphological pattern, causes and pathogenesis of meniscal root injuries in the Indian population.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-four patients with meniscus root tears were included in the study. The patients were categorized into two groups based on the location of the meniscus tear: Group 1 ( = 41) comprised patients with lateral meniscus root injury (LMRI), and Group 2 ( = 23) included patients with medial meniscus root injury (MMRI).

Comparative Efficacy of Dexlansoprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole, and Rabeprazole in Achieving Optimal 24-Hour Intragastric pH Control: A Randomized Crossover Study Using Ambulatory pH Monitoring.

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) regulate gastric acid reflux. Dexlansoprazole's efficacy in prolonging acid suppression compared to conventional PPIs and placebo requires evaluation.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, five-way crossover pilot study was conducted on healthy volunteers comparing the potency of dexlansoprazole to conventional PPIs in which five patients were randomized into five treatment cohorts, including dexlansoprazole 60 mg, pantoprazole 40 mg, esomeprazole 40 mg, rabeprazole 20 mg, and placebo, assessing 24-hour intragastric pH using Z/pH Recorder (ZepHr®, Diversatek, Inc.

"Accelerated postoperative rehabilitation protocol for Medial Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy enhances early return to routine activities".

Objective: The primary objective of this research was to investigate the timeframe required for the resumption of daily activities following medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with accelerated rehabilitation protocol.

Method: ology: This study encompassed a cohort of 26 patients, consisting of 11 males and 15 females, all diagnosed with medial compartment osteoarthritis (grades 2 and 3). Each patient underwent medial open wedge HTO and was subsequently monitored for a minimum period of 8 weeks.

Pulmonary Radiological Manifestations of Paraquat Poisoning: A Pictorial Essay.

Paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-dipyridylium) is a liquid herbicide, linked to both accidental and intentional ingestion, which can result in severe and frequently lethal poisoning. It has been known to cause injury to the lungs, kidneys, and liver. We retrospectively reviewed five cases over the last 4 years with a history of paraquat ingestion.

Cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients over 70 years: Boon or bane?

Introduction: The surgical management of intertrochanter femur fracture in elderly patient is still under debate. Various implants can be utilised but prosthetic replacement is gaining popularity. This study was performed to evaluate the functional and clinical outcomes of cemented bipolar arthroplasty as a primary treatment for unstable intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients (> 70 years).

Cryptococcosis in kidney transplant recipients: Current understanding and practices.

Cryptococcosis is the third most commonly occurring invasive fungal disease in solid organ transplant recipients (SOT). It is caused by encapsulated yeast, Cryptococcus species, predominantly Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. Though kidney transplant recipients are at the lowest risk of cryptococcosis when compared to other solid organ transplant recipients such as lung, liver or heart, still this opportunistic infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in this subset of patients.

A Reversible Cause of Cutaneous Rash in a Patient With Alcohol Consumption.

The most common cutaneous manifestations of alcoholism include urticarial reaction, flushing, porphyria cutanea tarda, psoriasis, rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, and pruritus. Here, we present a case of a young male with a history of alcohol abuse who presented with non-blanching, petechial, and perifollicular macular rash secondary to vitamin C deficiency in view of poor oral intake. The rash improved significantly with vitamin C supplementation.

Cysticercosis Lesions in Submandibular Region, Masseter and Abdominal Wall in the Same Patient: A Case Report.

Cysticercosis is a common infection in tropical countries with occasional uncommon manifestations. We present the case of a 34 year old immunocompetent man who presented with multiple lesions in a short span of time, some of which were atypical in location viz submandibular region and masseter, aside from abdominal wall. Role of ultrasound, fine needle aspiration cytology and magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis is discussed.

Z score analysis: A novel approach to interpretation of an erythrogram.

Context: Z score defines the shift of an observed value from the mean.

Aims: By determining the direction of this shift and its absolute value for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), one can quickly screen the hemogram for any spurious results in RBC parameters and also predict the type of anemia. This is because MCH and MCHC are derived parameters (from Hb, RBC, MCV) and thereby reflect the true as well as false changes in an erythrogram.

Comparative Efficacy of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide and 5-Fluorouracil for Keloid Scars.

Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC; a synthetic corticosteroid) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; a cytotoxic chemotherapy drug) are the medications most commonly used to treat keloid scars. We investigated the clinical efficacy of TAC compared with 5-FU. We included 40 patients in the study and divided them into two equal groups ( n = 20 Group A; n = 20 Group B).

Predictors of Treatment Completion in an Inpatient Substance Use Treatment Service in India.

Introduction: Treatment completion is associated with a better outcome in substance use disorders. We examined the rates of treatment completion and its predictors in patients admitted to specialized addiction treatment settings over a 13-year period.

Methods: Ours was a retrospective cohort study.

Management of Glucocorticoid-Induced Hyperglycemia.

Glucocorticoids are potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs used for various systemic and localized conditions. The use of glucocorticoids needs to be weighed against their adverse effect of aggravating hyperglycemia in persons with diabetes mellitus, unmask undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, or precipitate glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus appearance. Hyperglycemia is associated with poor clinical outcomes, including infection, disability after hospital discharge, prolonged hospital stay, and death.

Predictors of Five-year Readmission to an Inpatient Service among Patients with Opioid Use Disorders.

Background Opioid use disorder (OUD), a relapsing-remitting chronic medical disease, accounts for a sizable proportion of all-cause adult inpatient stays. We evaluated the incidence and predictors of any and multiple readmissions to inpatient care for OUD. Methods This retrospective, register-based cohort study assessed consecutive patients with OUD admitted to a federally-funded inpatient service of an addiction treatment center in North India between January 2007 and December 2014.

Submassive Pulmonary Embolism Treated With Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in Resource-Limited Setting: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

We describe a case of a young male who presented with acute onset progressively worsening shortness of breath for four days duration. He used to smoke cigarettes, and his profession required prolonged periods of standing. He underwent a two-dimensional echocardiogram showing right ventricular (RV) strain and computed tomography (CT) showing thrombus in the left major pulmonary artery.

Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI- AKI) - Myths and Realities.

Contrast Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI-AKI) is one of the most common causes of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients. These days, contrast agents are widely being used in both cardiology and radiology procedures. Old age, history of diabetes, heart failure, proteinuria and low blood pressure are some important risk factors in the pathogenesis of CI-AKI.

Role of Intraoperative Pathology Consultation by Imprint and Scrape Cytology in Soft Tissue Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions.

Intraoperative pathologic consultation plays an essential role in therapeutic decision making, possibly avoiding under or overtreatment of the patient. Common indications for intraoperative consultation include obtaining a diagnosis in an unknown pathology, ruling out malignancy, confirming a provisional diagnosis, and assessing margin status. Fifty patients undergoing surgery for soft tissue tumors or tumor-like lesions were included in the present prospective study to evaluate the role of intraoperative pathologic consultation by imprint and scrape cytology.

Predictors of Five-Year Readmission to an Inpatient Service among Patients with Alcohol Use Disorders: Report from a Low-Middle Income Country.

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a relapsing-remitting disease that accounted for a sizable proportion of all-cause adult inpatient stays.

Objectives: To determine the predictors of any and multiple readmissions to inpatient care for AUD within 5 years of the index admission.

Methods: This retrospective, register-based cohort study assessed consecutive patients with AUD admitted to a publicly-funded inpatient service between January 2007 and December 2014.

Histopathological Study of Verrucous Lesions and its Mimics.

Context: Verrucous lesions pose a diagnostic challenge to the clinicians as well as pathologists. There are few discrete histological features which if looked for carefully can help differentiate them.

Aim: The aim of this study is to bring into light the histological features of several verrucous lesions occuring on skin and mucosa lined by squamous epithelium.

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: A frivolous entity.

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) used in magnetic resonance imaging are vital in providing enhanced quality images, essential for diagnosis and treatment. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) with GBCAs has been a deterrent for the physician and has led to avoidance of these agents in patients with impaired kidney function. NSF is a progressive debilitating multisystem condition described classically in patients with renal insufficiency exposed to gadolinium contrast media.