and the Human Gastrointestinal Microbiota: A Multifaceted Relationship.

is a type of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the Proteobacteria phylum which is known to cause gastrointestinal disorders such as gastritis and gastric ulcers. Its treatment is based on current eradication regimens, which are composed of combinations of antibiotics such as clarithromycin, metronidazole, levofloxacin and amoxicillin, often combined with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). With the development of sequencing technologies, it has been demonstrated that not only does the colonization of the gastric and gut environment by cause microbial changes, but also the treatment regimens used for its eradication have a significant altering effect on both the gastric and gut microbiota.

Update on Rheumatic Diseases in Clinical Practice: Recent Concepts and Developments.

Diagnostic imaging is essential in the diagnostic process of rheumatic diseases. Given the heterogeneity of this group of diseases and the tremendous impact of novel therapeutic options, guidelines and recommendations regarding the optimal choice of the most appropriate technique/s are continuously revised and radiologists should always be up-to-date. Last, because of the continuous technological innovations, we will assist to the progressive application of advanced techniques and tools in rheumatology.

Exposure to obinutuzumab does not affect outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated patients with newly diagnosed advanced-stage follicular lymphoma.

URBAN is a multicentric, ambispective study evaluating the effectiveness and safety of obinutuzumab-based immuno-chemotherapy and maintenance in patients with untreated advanced follicular lymphoma (FL). The study began before the COVID-19 emergency declaration in Italy. It is currently ongoing for follow-up, and the enrolment timeline encompassed different stages of the pandemic, various vaccination roll-out phases and prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Investigation of CFTR Function in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Informs Personalized Medicine.

We broaden the clinical versatility of human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells. HNEs were isolated from 10 participants harboring () variants: 9 with rare variants (Q359R [=2], G480S, R334W [=5], and R560T) and 1 harboring R117H;7T;TG10/5T;TG12. Cultures were differentiated at the air-liquid interface.

Assessment of Nontechnical Skills During Resuscitation: Validation in the Italian Version of the TEAM.

Nontechnical skills (hereinafter referred to as NTS), such as task management, leadership, situational awareness, communication, and decision making contribute to safe and efficient team performance. The importance during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is being increasingly emphasized. We carried out the intercultural adaptation of the TEAM score in Italian and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the resulting Italian version (i-TEAM).

New Cytogenetic Data for the Neottieae Tribe (Orchidaceae) in the Mediterranean Region.

This work presents a summary of cytogenetic data, including new information, on several species within the tribe Neottieae, with an update of the karyotype for 23 species belonging to the genera , , , and (including ). Each of these four genera also presents distinctive chromosomal features, such as bimodal karyotypes. Our research includes insights into the distribution of constitutive heterochromatin, measured using C-banding and, in some cases, specific fluorochromes for the detection of A-T- and G-C-rich DNA.

Long-Term Persistence Rate of Secukinumab in Psoriatic Patients: A Six-Year Multicenter, Real-World Experience, Retrospective Study.

: Psoriatic disease, a chronic immune-mediated systemic inflammatory condition, significantly impairs patients' quality of life. The advent of highly targeted biological therapies has transformed treatment strategies, emphasizing the importance of selecting the most effective and cost-efficient option. Secukinumab, an IL-17A inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (PsO).

New Intravesical Agents for BCG-Unresponsive High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: With the exception of the FDA-approved valrubicin and pembrolizumab, there are no standard second-line treaments for BCG-unresponsive high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Objectives: To provide a systematic review of the novel intravesically administered therapeutic agents for the salvage treatment of BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

Methods: Online search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases was performed.

Triazole derivatives inhibit the VOR complex-mediated nuclear transport of extracellular particles: Potential application in cancer and HIV-1 infection.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) appear to play an important role in intercellular communication in various physiological processes and pathological conditions such as cancer. Like enveloped viruses, EVs can transport their contents into the nucleus of recipient cells, and a new intracellular pathway has been described to explain the nuclear shuttling of EV cargoes. It involves a tripartite protein complex consisting of vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein A (VAP-A), oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related protein-3 (ORP3) and late endosome-associated Rab7 allowing late endosome entry into the nucleoplasmic reticulum.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Mexiletine for Long QT Syndrome Type 2: Evidence From Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes, Transgenic Rabbits, and Patients.

Background: Despite major advances in the clinical management of long QT syndrome, some patients are not fully protected by beta-blocker therapy. Mexiletine is a well-known sodium channel blocker, with proven efficacy in patients with sodium channel-mediated long QT syndrome type 3. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of mexiletine in long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2) using cardiomyocytes derived from patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells, a transgenic LQT2 rabbit model, and patients with LQT2.

The photoactivated dynamics of dGpdC and dCpdG sequences in DNA: a comprehensive quantum mechanical study.

Study of alternating DNA GC sequences by different time-resolved spectroscopies has provided fundamental information on the interaction between UV light and DNA, a process of great biological importance. Multiple decay paths have been identified, but their interplay is still poorly understood. Here, we characterize the photophysics of GC-DNA by integrating different computational approaches, to study molecular models including up to 6 bases described at a full quantum mechanical level.

mRNA Technology and Mucosal Immunization.

Current mRNA vaccines are mainly administered via intramuscular injection, which induces good systemic immunity but limited mucosal immunity. Achieving mucosal immunity through mRNA vaccination could diminish pathogen replication at the entry site and reduce interhuman transmission. However, delivering mRNA vaccines to mucosae faces challenges like mRNA degradation, poor entry into cells, and reactogenicity.

Preovulatory follicular fluid secretome added to in vitro maturation medium influences the metabolism of equine cumulus-oocyte complexes.

Background: In vitro embryo production is a highly demanded reproductive technology in horses, which requires the recovery (in vivo or post-mortem) and in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes. Oocytes subjected to IVM exhibit poor developmental competence compared to their in vivo counterparts, being this related to a suboptimal composition of commercial maturation media. The objective of this work was to study the effect of different concentrations of secretome obtained from equine preovulatory follicular fluid (FF) on cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) during IVM.

Standardized molecular pathology workflow for ctDNA-based ESR1 testing in HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer.

Mutations in the estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) can lead to resistance to endocrine therapy (ET) in hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/ HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC). ESR1 mutations can be detected in up to 40 % of patients pretreated with ET in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Data from prospective randomized trials highlight those patients with HR+/HER2- MBC with detectable ESR1 mutations experience better outcomes when receiving novel selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs).

Facile Low-Temperature synthesis of novel carbon nitrides for efficient conversion of carbon dioxide into Value-Added chemicals.

The interest in using carbon nitrides (CN) for CO conversion has stimulated extensive research on CN synthesis. Herein, we report the synthesis of two novel CN materials using low-cost commercially available precursors at low temperatures in a short duration of time. Two CN materials, one derived from 5-amino tetrazole (named 4NZ-CN) and the other derived from 3, 5-diamino-1, 2, 4-triazole (named 3NZ-CN) precursors, are prepared by refluxing these precursors for 2 h at 100 °C.

Early Breast Cancer Risk Assessment: Integrating Histopathology with Artificial Intelligence.

Effective risk assessment in early breast cancer is essential for informed clinical decision-making, yet consensus on defining risk categories remains challenging. This paper explores evolving approaches in risk stratification, encompassing histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular biomarkers alongside cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. Leveraging machine learning, deep learning, and convolutional neural networks, AI is reshaping predictive algorithms for recurrence risk, thereby revolutionizing diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning.

Mechanistic and Structural Insights on Difluoromethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole Inhibitors of HDAC6.

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is increasingly recognized for its potential in targeted disease therapy. This study delves into the mechanistic and structural nuances of HDAC6 inhibition by difluoromethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (DFMO) derivatives, a class of non-hydroxamic inhibitors with remarkable selectivity and potency. Employing a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) kinetic experiments, comprehensive enzymatic characterizations, and X-ray crystallography, we dissect the intricate details of the DFMO-HDAC6 interaction dynamics.