Expert-Based Narrative Review on Compression UltraSonography (CUS) for Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT).

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a pathological condition that develops when a thrombus forms within the deep venous system. Typically, it involves the lower limbs and, less frequently, the upper extremities or other unusual districts such as cerebral or splanchnic veins. While leg DVT itself is rarely fatal and occasionally can lead to limb-threatening implications, its most fearsome complication, namely pulmonary embolism, is potentially fatal and significantly contributes to increased healthcare costs and impaired quality of life in affected patients and caregivers.

The Morphological Stenosis Pattern of the Caroticoclinoid Foramen.

: The caroticoclinoid bar (CCB) or caroticoclinoid foramen (CCF) represents a well-described ossified variant of the skull base. It corresponds to an osseous bridge (resulting after homonymous ligament ossification) between the anterior and middle clinoid processes (ACPs and MCPs) surrounding the internal carotid artery (ICA)'s cavernous segment. Although extensive research has been performed on this clinically significant entity, only a few studies have been conducted on its effect on the ICA.

High Incidence of Isolated Tumor Cells in Sentinel Node Biopsies of Thin Melanomas: A Potential Factor in the Paradoxical Prognosis of Stage IIIA Cutaneous Melanoma?

: This study aims to evaluate whether the presence of isolated tumor cells (ITCs) correlates with specific stages of cutaneous melanoma, potentially shedding light on their prognostic significance and the paradoxical survival outcomes in stage IIIA. : This study analyzed cases of sentinel lymph node biopsies for cutaneous melanoma between 2021 and 2023. It included patients with CM diagnoses, available histological slides, and clinical information about the neoplasia stage.

The Role of Lung Ultrasound Scan in Different Heart Failure Scenarios: Current Applications and Lacks of Evidences.

Pulmonary congestion is a critical factor influencing the clinical presentation, therapeutic decisions, and outcomes of heart failure (HF) patients. Lung ultrasound (LUS) offers a simple, rapid, and accurate method for assessing pulmonary congestion, surpassing the diagnostic capabilities of traditional clinical evaluation and chest radiography. Due to the wide availability of ultrasound equipment, congestion can be evaluated in multiple settings, ranging from emergency departments to intensive care units, including outpatient settings.

Validity of Wearable Inertial Sensors for Gait Analysis: A Systematic Review.

: Gait analysis, traditionally performed with lab-based optical motion capture systems, offers high accuracy but is costly and impractical for real-world use. Wearable technologies, especially inertial measurement units (IMUs), enable portable and accessible assessments outside the lab, though challenges with sensor placement, signal selection, and algorithm design can affect accuracy. This systematic review aims to bridge the benchmarking gap between IMU-based and traditional systems, validating the use of wearable inertial systems for gait analysis.

Diagnostic Challenges in Uncommon Firearm Injury Cases: A Multidisciplinary Approach.

: Firearm wounds tend to have a precise pattern. Despite this, real-world case presentations can present uncertain elements, sometimes deviating from what is considered standard, and present uncommon features that are difficult for forensic pathologists and ballistic experts to explain. : A retrospective analysis of autopsy reports from the Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Catania, covering 2019-2023, included 348 judicial inspections and 378 autopsies performed as part of the institute's overall activities.

Functional and Anatomical Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Lamellar Macular Hole: Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background: To investigate functional and anatomical outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for lamellar macular hole (LMH) with a long-term follow-up.

Methods: An interventional study on 14 patients (16 eyes) with LMH was conducted. The inclusion criteria included a minimum 36-month follow-up after PPV.

Up-to-Date Imaging for Parathyroid Tumor Localization in MEN1 Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: When and Which Ones (A Narrative Pictorial Review).

Patients diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN1) often initially present with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), and typically undergo surgical intervention. While laboratory tests are fundamental for diagnosis, imaging is crucial for localizing pathological parathyroids to aid in precise surgical planning. In this pictorial review, we will begin by comprehensively examining key imaging techniques and their established protocols, evaluating their effectiveness in detecting abnormal parathyroid glands.

In-House Fabrication and Validation of 3D-Printed Custom-Made Medical Devices for Planning and Simulation of Peripheral Endovascular Therapies.

This study aims to develop and validate a standardized methodology for creating high-fidelity, custom-made, patient-specific 3D-printed vascular models that serve as tools for preoperative planning and training in the endovascular treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Ten custom-made 3D-printed vascular models were produced using computed tomography angiography (CTA) scans of ten patients diagnosed with PAD. CTA images were analyzed using Syngo.

Relationship Between Left Atrial Strain and Atrial Fibrillation: The Role of Stress Echocardiography.

Interest in advanced echocardiographic imaging methods is growing. Left atrial strain (LAS) is among recently developed echocardiographic parameters. LAS represents an index of tissue deformation of the left atrium (LA).

The Role of TORS in the Management of Benign Pathology of the Base of Tongue: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is becoming increasingly popular in head and neck surgery. Its applications have expanded beyond oncologic indications to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and, more recently, to benign pathologies.

Data Sources: A systematic search for articles published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases between January 2003 and December 2023 was performed using the following combined search query (robot OR sleep OR apnea OR syndrome) AND (robot OR tongue OR base).

Dynamic Digital Radiography (DDR) in the Diagnosis of a Diaphragm Dysfunction.

Dynamic digital radiography (DDR) is a recent imaging technique that allows for real-time visualization of thoracic and pulmonary movement in synchronization with the breathing cycle, providing useful clinical information. A 46-year-old male, a former smoker, was evaluated for unexplained dyspnea and reduced exercise tolerance. His medical history included a SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2021.

Brewers' Spent Grain-Derived Arabinoxylan as a Sustainable Filler for Enhanced PHBV Biocomposites.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is a highly promising biodegradable and bio-based thermoplastic recognized for its environmental benefits and potential versatility. However, its industrial adoption has been limited due to its inherent brittleness and suboptimal processability. Despite these challenges, PHBV's performance can be tailored for a wide range of applications through strategic modifications, particularly by blending it with other biodegradable polymers or reinforcing it with natural fibers and bio-based fillers.

Rice Starch Chemistry, Functional Properties, and Industrial Applications: A Review.

Starch is among the most abundant natural compounds in nature after cellulose. Studies have shown that the structure and functions of starch differ extensively across and among botanical types, isolation procedures, and climate factors, resulting in starch with significant variations in its chemical, physical, morphological, thermal, and functional characteristics. To enhance its beneficial properties and address inherent limitations, starch is modified through various techniques, resulting in significant alterations to its chemical and physical characteristics.

Cleavable Bio-Based Epoxy Matrix for More Eco-Sustainable Thermoset Composite Components.

Cleavable bio-based epoxy resin systems are emerging, eco-friendly, and promising alternatives to the common thermoset ones, providing quite comparable thermo-mechanical properties while enabling a circular and green end-of-life scenario of the composite materials. In addition to being designed to incorporate a bio-based resin greener than the conventional fully fossil-based epoxies, these formulations involve cleaving hardeners that enable, under mild thermo-chemical conditions, the total recycling of the composite material through the recovery of the fiber and matrix as a thermoplastic. This research addressed the characterization, processability, and recyclability of a new commercial cleavable bio-resin formulation (designed by the R-Concept company) that can be used in the fabrication of fully recyclable polymer composites.

Sustainable Production of Microcrystalline and Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Textile Waste Using HCl and NaOH/Urea Treatment.

Bio-nanomaterials are gaining increasing attention due to their renewable and eco-friendly characteristics. Among these, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) stands out as one of the most advanced materials for applications in food, healthcare, composite production, and beyond. In this study, NCC was successfully extracted from cotton-based textile waste using a combination of chemical and mechanical methods.

α-Olefin Oligomerization Mediated by Group 4 Metallocene Catalysts: An Extreme Manifestation of the Multisite Nature of Methylaluminoxane.

Group 4 metallocenes are competent catalysts for the oligomerization of higher α-olefins. Among the many chemical and physical variables of importance in the process, one is the choice of cocatalyst (activator). The impact of various activators on the performance of a representative catalyst, (nBuCp)ZrCl, in the oligomerization of 1-octene was thoroughly investigated; in particular, the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the oligomers was determined by means of high-resolution high performance liquid chromatography (HR-HPLC).

Performance Restoration of Chemically Recycled Carbon Fibres Through Surface Modification with Sizing.

The recycling of Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs) is becoming increasingly crucial due to the growing demand for sustainability in high-performance industries such as automotive and aerospace. This study investigates the impact of two chemical recycling techniques, chemically assisted solvolysis and plasma-enhanced solvolysis, on the morphology and properties of carbon fibres (CFs) recovered from end-of-life automotive parts. In addition, the effects of fibre sizing are explored to enhance the performance of the recycled carbon fibres (rCFs).

Biocomposites and Poly(lactic acid) in Active Packaging: A Review of Current Research and Future Directions.

The alarming rise in environmental pollution, depletion of global resources, and increasing health consciousness have placed significant pressure on the development of eco-friendly, sustainable materials. Consequently, green, environmentally friendly materials made from biobased and/or biodegradable sources are gaining recognition and political support as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based, non-biodegradable materials. Bio-based packaging materials, in particular, are widely used across all industrial sectors, with a growing demand for solutions that preserve food quality and extend shelf life.

Old Plants for New Food Products? The Diachronic Human Ecology of Wild Herbs in the Western Alps.

This ethnobotanical study examines the traditional knowledge and usage patterns of wild plants in the western Alps, specifically within the Ubaye and Bellino Valleys, through a comparative analysis of data collected from 1983 (published in 1990) to 2024. Our study aims to assess the change in plant usage, species diversity, and the changing roles of plants in local traditions in the western Alpine mountain ecosystems. While the 1983 survey documented medicinal uses centered around pastoralist practices, the 2024 data highlight a notable increase in the use of synanthropic plants, now utilized both medicinally and as food.

Functional Analysis of Durum Wheat GASA1 Protein as a Biotechnological Alternative Against Plant Fungal Pathogens and a Positive Regulator of Biotic Stress Defense.

Plants are frequently challenged by a variety of microorganisms. To protect themselves against harmful invaders, they have evolved highly effective defense mechanisms, including the synthesis of numerous types of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Snakins are such compounds, encoded by the (Gibberellic Acid-Stimulated Arabidopsis) gene family, and are involved in the response to biotic and abiotic stress.

Pathovar Infection Reveals Different Defense Mechanisms in Two Sweet Cherry Cultivars.

pv. is the main causal agent of bacterial canker in sweet cherry in Chile, causing significant economic losses. Cultivars exhibit diverse susceptibility in the field and the molecular mechanisms underlying the differential responses remain unclear.

Multilateral Use of Dandelion in Folk Medicine of Central-Eastern Europe.

Background: Dandelion ( sect. , also referred to as F.H.

Effect of Flowering Shading on Grain Yield and Quality of Durum Wheat in a Mediterranean Environment.

The phenomenon known as "dimming" or shading, caused by the increase in aerosols, air pollutants, and population density, is reducing global radiation, including both direct solar radiation and radiation scattered by the atmosphere. This phenomenon poses a significant challenge for agricultural production in many regions worldwide, with a global radiation decrease estimated between 1.4% and 2.

Spectroscopic Characterization and Biological Effects of 1-Oxo-bisabolone-rich Hutch. subsp. Essential Oil Against Viruses, Bacteria, and Spore Germination.

species are used as herbal medicine and in the preparation of decoctions in several Asian and African regions. Among them, the plant is known for its medicinal properties, but comprehensive studies on its biological activity are still limited. This study examined the properties of the essential oil (EO) extracted by and collected in Morocco during the flowering period.