Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Despite being off-label, antipsychotics and antidepressants are widely prescribed to manage Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD). Aim of our study was to assess the evolution of BPSD and psychoactive pharmacological therapy in older patients with dementia.

Method: In this retrospective observational study, outpatients with dementia underwent a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (ADL, IADL, CFS and CIRS), at baseline, 6-month and 12-month follow-up visits.

Reinforcement Learning Optimization of the Charging of a Dicke Quantum Battery.

Quantum batteries are energy-storing devices, governed by quantum mechanics, that promise high charging performance thanks to collective effects. Because of its experimental feasibility, the Dicke battery-which comprises N two-level systems coupled to a common photon mode-is one of the most promising designs for quantum batteries. However, the chaotic nature of the model severely hinders the extractable energy (ergotropy).

Detecting a Long-Lived False Vacuum with Quantum Quenches.

Distinguishing whether a system supports alternate low-energy (locally stable) states-stable (true vacuum) versus metastable (false vacuum)-by direct observation can be difficult when the lifetime of the state is very long but otherwise unknown. Here we demonstrate, in a tractable model system, that there are physical phenomena on much shorter timescales that can diagnose the difference. Specifically, we study the time evolution of the magnetization following a quench in the tilted quantum Ising model, and show that its magnitude spectrum is an effective diagnostic.

Positive Answer on the Existence of Correlations between Positive Earthquake Magnitude Differences.

The identification of patterns in space, time, and magnitude, which could potentially encode the subsequent earthquake magnitude, represents a significant challenge in earthquake forecasting. A pivotal aspect of this endeavor involves the search for correlations between earthquake magnitudes, a task greatly hindered by the incompleteness of instrumental catalogs. A novel strategy to address this challenge is provided by the groundbreaking observation by Van der Elst (Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2021) that positive magnitude differences, under specific conditions, remain unaffected by catalog incompleteness.

Intermittent Thermal Convection in Jammed Emulsions.

We study the process of thermal convection in jammed emulsions with a yield-stress rheology. We find that heat transfer occurs via an intermittent mechanism, whereby intense short-lived convective "heat bursts" are spaced out by long-lasting conductive periods. This behavior is the result of a sequence of fluidization-rigidity transitions, rooted in a nontrivial interplay between emulsion yield-stress rheology and plastic activity, which we characterize via a statistical analysis of the dynamics at the droplet scale.

Exploring the Accuracy of Interferometric Quantum Measurements under Conservation Laws.

A (target) quantum system is often measured through observations performed on a second (meter) system to which the target is coupled. In the presence of global conservation laws holding on the joint meter-target system, the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem and its generalizations predict a lower bound on the measurement's error (Ozawa's bound). While practically negligible for macroscopic meters, it becomes relevant for microscopic ones.

Celestial Holography Revisited.

We revisit the prescription commonly used to define holographic correlators on the celestial sphere of Minkowski space as an integral transform of flat space scattering amplitudes. We propose a new prescription according to which celestial holographic correlators are given by the Mellin transform of bulk time-ordered correlators with respect to the radial direction in the hyperbolic slicing of Minkowski space, which are then extrapolated to the celestial sphere along the hyperbolic directions. This prescription is analogous to the extrapolate definition of holographic correlators in AdS/CFT and, like in AdS, is centered on (off-shell) correlation functions as opposed to (on-shell) S-matrix elements.

R(3780) Resonance Interpreted as the 1^{3}D_{1}-Wave Dominant State of Charmonium from Precise Measurements of the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons.

We report the precise measurements of the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons at center-of-mass energies from 3.645 to 3.871 GeV.

Search for Fractionally Charged Particles with CUORE.

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is a detector array comprised by 988 5  cm×5  cm×5  cm TeO_{2} crystals held below 20 mK, primarily searching for neutrinoless double-beta decay in ^{130}Te. Unprecedented in size among cryogenic calorimetric experiments, CUORE provides a promising setting for the study of exotic throughgoing particles. Using the first tonne year of CUORE's exposure, we perform a search for hypothesized fractionally charged particles (FCPs), which are well-motivated by various standard model extensions and would have suppressed interactions with matter.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) research criteria were recently published and further work is needed to characterize the neuropsychological profile and refine clinical criteria. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the cognitive performance of mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) groups to controls, MCI due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD), and DLB.

Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched the literature for 1) English-language studies on MCI-LB; 2) published January 1990-March 2023, 3) with ≥1 standardized cognitive measure; and 4) comparison data from controls, MCI-AD, and/or DLB.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Sporadic bvFTD is often misdiagnosed as a primary psychiatric disorder (PPD) due to overlapping clinical features and lack of reliable biomarkers. The multi-centre study DIPPA-FTD aims to develop diagnostic- and prognostic-algorithms that can distinguish sporadic bvFTD from late-onset PPD. The aim of the retrospective DIPPA-FTD study was to identify the strongest clinical discriminators.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: The Category Fluency Test (CFT) is the most widely-used test of semantic memory (SM). A number of studies indicate that the serial order (SO) in which words are generated during the CFT can be informative of the underlying level of SM integrity. In this study, SO and item-level complexity of CFT words were investigated for the first time in a cohort of Italian individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) represents the susceptibility to age-related brain changes or Alzheimer's disease-related pathology. It is the ability to withstand the effects of aging and neurological damage. Several factors influence CR, including education, work, activites, mental activity, and social networks, which play a crucial role in an individual's ability to preserve the global cognitive functioning and counteract cognitive decline.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Diagnosis in patients with Mild Behavioural Impairment (MBI) and with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) with predominant executive deficits (eMCI) is often challenging, as they may be representing the early phase of both Alzheimer's Dementia (AD) as well as behavioural variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD). If neuropathology biomarkers aren't available, diagnosis is even more difficult. We evaluated the performance of classification of different clinical diagnostic criteria for behavioural/dysexecutive AD (without biomarkers) in MBI and eMCI.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Metacognition may give useful insight in early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. Recent studies suggest differences in the ability of judging their own cognitive performance along clinical stages. For instance, subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) overestimate, whereas people with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) tend to underestimate their cognitive performance.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Visual Mental Imagery (VMI) is the ability to represent stimuli in the mind without sensory visual input. Previous studies have shown alterations in visual imagery in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, VMI has not been investigated in the AD prodromal stage, i.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) can lead to loss of independence, increased risk of hospitalization and early institutionalization. This work aims to evaluate the relationship between physical performance and BPSD in older patients with dementia.

Method: In this observational single-center study, patients with dementia underwent a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (ADL, IADL, CIRS, CFS) and cognitive and neuropsychiatric evaluation (MMSE, NPI).

Coronary revascularisation deferral based on quantitative flow ratio or fractional flow reserve: a post hoc analysis of the FAVOR III Europe trial.

Background: Safe deferral of revascularisation is a key aspect of physiology-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). While recent evidence gathered in the FAVOR III Europe trial showed that quantitative flow ratio (QFR) guidance did not meet non-inferiority to fractional flow reserve (FFR) guidance, it remains unknown if QFR might have a specific value in revascularisation deferral.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the safety of coronary revascularisation deferral based on QFR as compared with FFR.

Clinical characterisation and outcomes of human clade IIb mpox virus disease - a European multicentre observational cohort study (MOSAIC).

Background: The global mpox outbreak which started in May 2022 was caused by a novel clade IIb variant of the mpox virus (MPXV). It differed from the traditional Western and Central Africa disease in transmission patterns and clinical presentation.

Methods: To address the need for detailed clinical and virologic data, we conducted an observational cohort study (MOSAIC) during May 2022-July 2023 in individuals with confirmed MPXV infection enrolled in six European Countries.

Small molecules targeting the eubacterial β-sliding clamp discovered by combined and screening approaches.

Antibiotic resistance stands as the foremost post-pandemic threat to public health. The urgent need for new, effective antibacterial treatments is evident. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs), owing to their pivotal role in microbial physiology, emerge as novel and attractive targets.

Evolutionary and Functional Analysis of Monoamine Oxidase F (MAO F): A Novel Member of the MAO Gene Family.

The monoamine oxidase (MAO) gene family encodes for enzymes that perform the oxidative deamination of monoamines, a process required to degrade norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, and other amines. While mammalian MAO enzymes, MAO A and MAO B, have been extensively studied, the molecular properties of the other family members are only partly uncovered. This study aims to explore the evolution of monoamine oxidases, emphasizing understanding the MAO gene repertoire among vertebrates.

Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.