Validation of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture 2.0 in Italian Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study of Healthcare Personnel Perceptions.

Aim(s): To adapt and validate the HSOPS 2 instrument for the Italian context and to describe the current patient safety culture amongst healthcare personnel working in Italian hospitals.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: We adapted and validated the HSOPS 2 instrument following the COSMIN guidelines: we performed a forward-backward translation, calculated the content validity index, evaluated face validity, acceptability (percentage of participants responding to all items on the questionnaire and to every specific item), construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis), and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha for each dimension).

POLE mutations in endometrial carcinoma: Clinical and genomic landscape from a large prospective single-center cohort.

Background: To date, 11 DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE) pathogenic variants have been declared "hotspot" mutations. Patients with endometrial cancer (EC) characterized by POLE hotspot mutations (POLEmut) have exceptional survival outcomes. Whereas international guidelines encourage deescalation of adjuvant treatment in early-stage POLEmut EC, data regarding safety in POLEmut patients with unfavorable characteristics are still under investigation.

Cardiac Involvement and TBCK-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder: Is It a New Feature of This Condition?

TBCK (TBC1 Domain-Containing Kinase) encodes a protein playing a role in actin organization and cell growth/proliferation via the mTOR signaling pathway. Deleterious biallelic TBCK variants cause Hypotonia, infantile, with psychomotor retardation and characteristic facies 3. We report on three affected sibs, also displaying cardiac malformations.

Effect of Nonsurgical Mechanical Debridement With or Without Chlorhexidine Formulations in the Treatment of Peri-Implant Mucositis. A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (PM) using a nonsurgical submarginal peri-implant instrumentation (NSPI) with or without chlorhexidine (CHX) solutions.

Methods: Fifty-six patients (28 per group) were randomly assigned to the test (NSPI + 0.12% mouthwash and subgingival CHX irrigation plus tongue brushing with 1% CHX gel) or the control group (NSPI + placebo mouthwash and subgingival placebo irrigation plus tongue brushing with placebo gel).

Precision in Liver Diagnosis: Varied Accuracy Across Subgroups and the Need for Variable Thresholds in Diagnosis of MASLD.

Background And Aims: The performance of non-invasive liver tests (NITs) is known to vary across settings and subgroups. We systematically evaluated whether the performance of three NITs in detecting advanced fibrosis in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) varies with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status or liver enzymes.

Methods: Data from 586 adult LITMUS Metacohort participants with histologically characterised MASLD were included.

Defining Excellence: The First Core Set of Quality Indicators for the European Paediatric Surgical Audit on Hirschsprung's Disease Care.

Aim: This study aimed to develop a universally applicable core set of quality indicators for Hirschsprung's disease care through a consensus-driven process, to standardise and improve care quality across Europe.

Methods: A modified Delphi method was used to achieve consensus among healthcare professionals (HPs) and patient representatives (PRs) across Europe. Participants completed three rounds of anonymous surveys, rating quality indicators for Hirschsprung's disease care.

The Effect of Plaque Detectors on the Color Stability of Two Types of Restorative Materials.

Objective: To investigate the color stability of a one-shade resin-based composite material (RC) and a glass-ionomer cement (GIC) after staining with plaque detectors (PDs) with different formulations and delivery forms.

Materials And Methods: Rectangular-shaped specimens (7 × 3 × 2 mm) were produced with RC (Venus Diamond One, Kulzer) and GIC (Fujy IX GP, GC) (n = 30). Further, the following PDs were used on the specimens: (1) tablets (T; Plaq-Search, TePe); (2) mouthwash (M; Plaque Agent, Miradent); and (3) light-curing liquid (L; Plaque test, Ivoclar).

RADAR-AD: assessment of multiple remote monitoring technologies for early detection of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide, leading to cognitive and functional decline. Early detection and intervention are crucial for enhancing the quality of life of patients and their families. Remote Monitoring Technologies (RMTs) offer a promising solution for early detection by tracking changes in behavioral and cognitive functions, such as memory, language, and problem-solving skills.

First evidence of the effectiveness of a field application of RNAi technology in reducing infestation of the mite Varroa destructor in the western honey bee (Apis mellifera).

Background: The mite Varroa destructor is the most serious pest of the western honey bee (Apis mellifera) and a major factor in the global decline of colonies. Traditional control methods, such as chemical pesticides, although quick and temporarily effective, leave residues in hive products, harming bees and operators' health, while promoting pathogen resistance and spread. As a sustainable alternative, RNA interference (RNAi) technology has shown great potential for honey bee pest control in laboratory assays, but evidence of effectiveness in the field has been lacking.

Feasibility and accuracy of continuous intraabdominal pressure monitoring with a capsular device in human pilot trial.

Background: Intrabdominal pressure (IAP) is an important parameter. Elevated IAP can reduce visceral perfusion, lead to intraabdominal hypertension, and result in life-threatening abdominal compartment syndrome. While ingestible capsular devices have been used for various abdominal diagnoses, their application in continuous IAP monitoring remains unproven.

Future perspectives for PDE5 inhibitors bridging the gap between cardiovascular health and psychological status.

The serendipitous discovery that inhibiting type 5 phosphodiesterase (PDE5) using sildenafil, a potent PDE5 inhibitor (PDE5i) initially developed for cardioprotection, introduced the possibility of orally managing erectile dysfunction (ED) led to an increase in research data, which are currently considered groundbreaking for the new discipline of sexual medicine. Findings from a number of laboratories and clinics around the world unanimously demonstrated the following: (i) the major cause of ED is directly or indirectly related to cardiovascular disease (CVD); (ii) ED and CVDs share the same risk factors, which are related mainly to lifestyle choices; (iii) the first therapeutic approach to both ED and CVDs is to transform harmful lifestyles into virtuous lifestyles; and (iv) PDE5is in general, particularly sildenafil, are very safe, if not protective, for use in CVD patients. However, the use of PDE5is has faced several challenges.

Clinical relevance of macromolecular complexes involving integrins, potassium and sodium ion channels and the sodium/proton antiporter in human breast cancer.

Background: Mounting evidence underline the relevance of macromolecular complexes in cancer. Integrins frequently recruit ion channels and transporters within complexes which behave as signaling hubs. A complex composed by β1 integrin, hERG1 K channel, the neonatal form of the Na channel Na 1.

D1 dopamine receptor antagonists as a new therapeutic strategy to treat autistic-like behaviours in lysosomal storage disorders.

Lysosomal storage disorders characterized by defective heparan sulfate (HS) degradation, such as Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA-D (MPS-IIIA-D), result in neurodegeneration and dementia in children. However, dementia is preceded by severe autistic-like behaviours (ALBs), presenting as hyperactivity, stereotypies, social interaction deficits, and sleep disturbances. The absence of experimental studies on ALBs' mechanisms in MPS-III has led clinicians to adopt symptomatic treatments, such as antipsychotics, which are used for non-genetic neuropsychiatric disorders.

Factors associated with statural growth in pediatric kidney transplant recipients with focus on metabolic acidosis.

Background: We investigated factors associated with post-transplant growth in pediatric kidney transplant (KTx) recipients with a focus on plasma bicarbonate (HCO3) and estimated the effect of alkali treatment on growth.

Methods: In this study of the CERTAIN Registry, data were collected up to 5 years post-transplant. Generalized Additive Mixed Models were applied to assess the association between post-transplant growth and covariates.

Tubulin tyrosination/detyrosination regulate the affinity and sorting of intraflagellar transport trains on axonemal microtubule doublets.

Cilia assembly and function rely on the bidirectional transport of components between the cell body and ciliary tip via Intraflagellar Transport (IFT) trains. Anterograde and retrograde IFT trains travel along the B- and A-tubules of microtubule doublets, respectively, ensuring smooth traffic flow. However, the mechanism underlying this segregation remains unclear.

Advanced sleep phase syndrome: Role of genetics and aging.

Advanced sleep phase (ASP) is seldom brought to medical attention because many individuals easily adapt to their early chronotype, especially if it emerges before the age of 30 and is present in a first-degree relative. In this case, the disorder is considered familial (FASP) and is mostly discovered coincidentally in the presence of other sleep disorders, mainly obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The prevalence of FASP is currently estimated to be between 0.

Circadian aspects in nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment of insomnia.

Insomnia disorder is a frequent sleep disorder leading to significant health and economic consequences. It has been proposed that individuals with insomnia may experience compromised deactivation systems of arousal, leading to a chronic state of hyperactivation of arousal known as hyperarousal, along with instability in the flip-flop system. Such disruptions may have a primarily impact on the sleep homeostatic drive process.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, orexin, and sleep-wake cycle: The link with the neurodegeneration.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) significantly affects the sleep-wake circadian rhythm through intermittent hypoxia and chronic sleep fragmentation. OSAS patients often experience excessive daytime sleepiness, frequent awakenings, and sleep fragmentation, leading to a disrupted circadian rhythm and altered sleep-wake cycle. These disruptions may exacerbate OSAS symptoms and contribute to neurodegenerative processes, particularly through the modulation of clock gene expression such as CLOCK, BMAL1, and PER.

Space radiation measured during first-ever commercial suborbital mission on Virgin Galactic SpaceShipTwo Unity on 29 June 2023.

The paper presents the variations of space radiation (primary and secondary galactic cosmic rays (GCR) absorbed dose rate in silicon and flux) measured during the first-ever commercial suborbital flight of the Virgin Galactic (VG) SpaceShipTwo Unity on 29 June 2023. A Portable Dosimeter-Spectrometer Liulin-CNR-VG is used. It is developed in the Space Research and Technology Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (SRTI-BAS) under a scientific contract with National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Italy.

Lack of mental integration and emotion dysregulation as a possible long-term effect of dysfunctional parenting: An EEG study of functional connectivity before and after the exposure to attachment-related stimuli.

Dysfunctional parenting (DP) is a factor of vulnerability and a predictive risk factor for psychopathology. Although previous research has shown specific functional and structural brain alterations, the neural basis of DP remains understudied. We therefore investigated EEG functional connectivity changes within the Salience Network before and after the exposure to attachment-related stimuli in individuals with high and low perceived DP.

Real-world single-center preliminary experience of radiofrequency balloon pulmonary vein ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) by percutaneous transcatheter ablation is its pivotal treatment. Nowadays, several techniques using different energy sources are used, such as radiofrequency (RF), cryoablation and laser ablation. A new technology that combines the strengths of different techniques has been developed, in particular having both the speed of one-shot techniques and the selectivity and precision of point-by-point RF: the RF balloon (RFB).