CausalXtract, a flexible pipeline to extract causal effects from live-cell time-lapse imaging data.

Live-cell microscopy routinely provides massive amounts of time-lapse images of complex cellular systems under various physiological or therapeutic conditions. However, this wealth of data remains difficult to interpret in terms of causal effects. Here, we describe CausalXtract, a flexible computational pipeline that discovers causal and possibly time-lagged effects from morphodynamic features and cell-cell interactions in live-cell imaging data.

Olutasidenib in combination with azacitidine induces durable complete remissions in patients with relapsed or refractory mIDH1 acute myeloid leukemia: a multicohort open-label phase 1/2 trial.

Background: Olutasidenib is a potent, selective, oral, small molecule inhibitor of mutant IDH1 (mIDH1) which induced durable remissions in high-risk, relapsed/refractory (R/R) mIDH1 AML patients in a phase 1/2 trial. We present a pooled analysis from multiple cohorts of the phase 1/2 trial of patients with R/R AML who received combination olutasidenib and azacitidine therapy.

Methods: Adult patients with mIDH1 AML received 150 mg olutasidenib twice daily plus standard-of-care azacitidine (OLU + AZA) and were evaluated for response and safety.

Modified lung ultrasound score for improved monitoring of pARDS on ECMO, a case report.

Background: Lung ultrasound scoring is a validated tool for assessing lung pathology. However, existing scoring systems typically overlook the size of consolidations, limiting their accuracy in certain clinical scenarios.

Case Presentation: We describe the first application of adding the maximum consolidation depth in centimeters (cm) to the conventional score.

Multidisciplinary, multicenter consensus for the care of patients affected with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Background: Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS) is a rare, sporadic neurocutaneous disorder affecting the skin, brain, and eyes, due to somatic activating mutations in GNAQ or, less commonly, GNA11 gene. It is characterized by at least two of the following features: a facial capillary malformation, leptomeningeal vascular malformation, and ocular involvement. The spectrum of clinical manifestations includes headache, seizures, stroke-like events, intellectual disability, glaucoma, facial asymmetry, gingival hyperplasia, etc.

Sentinel role of military dogs in detecting genotoxic agents in the environment during military operations: a pilot study.

During out-of-area military operations, the presence of carcinogenic and/or genotoxic agents has been reported, posing potential health risks to deployed soldiers. Military working dogs (MWDs), trained to detect explosives in the same environments as soldiers, could also serve as sentinel animals, providing valuable information on exposure to hazardous agents. These dogs can help identify environmental and potential adverse effects on their health and that of their handlers, possibly before relevant pathologies manifest.

The Italian general psychiatry and forensic psychiatry treatment model: a unique story.

The history of Italian general psychiatry and forensic psychiatry over the last 50 years has been unique in the European and Western healthcare landscape. Western politicians often visit Italy to observe the successful community-based systems that have developed in that country.This article represents a first step toward a necessary attempt, to explore how specific political decisions, such as the Italian one, have produced positive outcomes for patients with psychotic disorders, outcomes not observed in many Western countries, which are instead grappling with negative outcomes such as the complicated management of homelessness and the incarceration of people who would instead require psychiatric care.

Whole-genome sequencing-based characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis and Kentucky isolated from laying hens in northwest of Iran, 2022-2023.

Background: The transmission of Salmonella spp. to human through the consumption of contaminated food products of animal origin, mainly poultry is a significant global public health concern. The emerging multidrug resistant (MDR) clones of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars, have spread rapidly worldwide both in humans and in the food chain.

Human neuroinvasive Toscana virus infections in Italy from 2016 to 2023: Increased incidence in 2022 and 2023.

BackgroundToscana virus (TOSV) is transmitted to humans through bites of infected sand flies. Neuroinvasive TOSV infections are leading causes of meningitis/encephalitis in southern Europe and notifiable in Italy since 2016. In 2022-23, Italy experienced extreme climate anomalies and a concomitant increase in mosquito and tick-borne disease transmission.

Managing Masculinity When Growing up With a Violent Father: A Qualitative Study of Boys' Experiences.

A limited qualitative literature explores children's lived experiences of violence; boys' relationships with perpetrator fathers remain largely unexplored. Drawing on interviews with 31 boys, this paper explores the accounts of their relationships with their perpetrator fathers, focusing particularly on the implications of boys' understanding of these relationships for their sense of burgeoning masculinity. Three themes are considered: in (a) relational ambiguity; (b) performing masculinities, managing violence; and (c) envisioning alternative futures and re-visioning the past.

Paramagnetic rim lesion formation is predicted by the initial gadolinium-enhancing lesion diameter.

Background: Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) are a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) marker of compartmentalized intraparenchymal inflammation.

Objectives: The primary objective was to investigate clinical, demographic, and MRI factors that may be predictive of the future formation of PRL.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of longitudinal data.

Unveiling the impact of perceived stigma on psychological well-being in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease: The mediating role of patient engagement.

This study elucidated the impact of perceived stigma on the well-being of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and explored the mediating role of patient engagement. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey, recruiting participants through the Italian IBD patient organization. The survey assessed perceived stigma, psychological well-being, and patient engagement using validated instruments.

Assessing pain in multiple sclerosis: Test-retest reliability of patient-reported outcome measures and accuracy of screening tools.

Background: Pain is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). The reliability of outcome measures for pain and the accuracy of screening tools are essential for treatment purposes.

Objectives: This study investigated the test-retest reliability of Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS), Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI), Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF), Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4), and painDETECT, and the accuracy of DN4 and painDETECT.

Bibliometric analysis and trends related to dental tourism: Qualitative, social, economic and ethical implications.

This article delves into the multifaceted realm of dental tourism, scrutinizing patient incentives, economic ramifications, and ethical aspects. An in-depth 2023 analysis discerns research gaps, underscoring the necessity for a more exhaustive investigation to enrich the understanding of the global oral healthcare landscape. Utilizing bibliometric analysis method, the study examines the worldwide trajectory of scientific publications on dental tourism.

Real-World Experience in Tricuspid Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair: Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Repair in Spain Registry.

Background: Significant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The development of transcatheter valve repair therapies has opened a wide range of opportunities for treatment of patients with high surgical risk. Real-world data might improve patient selection and outcome.

Post-Docking Refinement of Peptide or Protein-RNA Complexes Using Thermal Titration Molecular Dynamics (TTMD): A Stability Insight.

RNA-protein interactions drive and regulate fundamental cellular processes like transcription and translation. Despite being still limited, the growing body of structural data significantly contributes to the characterization of these interactions. However, RNA complexes involving proteins or peptides are not always available due to the structural determination challenges that this biopolymer entails.

Novel -(3-(1-(4-sulfamoylphenyl)triazol-4-yl)phenyl)benzamide Derivatives as Potent Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors with Broad-Spectrum Anticancer Activity: Leveraging Tail and Dual-Tail Approaches.

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) IX and XII are crucial for the survival and metastasis of solid tumors under hypoxic conditions. We designed compounds -, integrating triazole and benzenesulfonamide scaffolds known for inhibiting tumor-associated CAs IX/XII. Initial synthesis included compounds -, followed by diversification with small hydrophobic groups (-) and hydrophilic heterocyclic secondary amines (-).

JAK3 Inhibitors: Covalent and Noncovalent Interactions of a Cyanamide Group Investigated by Multiscale Free-Energy Simulations.

Janus kinase type 3 (JAK3), an emerging target for treating autoimmune diseases, possesses a front pocket cysteine that is targeted by covalent modifiers, best represented by the marketed drug ritlecitinib (). Recently, 2,3-dihydro-1-inden-1-ylcyanamides have been developed as novel JAK3 inhibitors. Among them, the -(6-(7-pyrrolo[2,3-]pyrimidin-4-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-inden-1-yl)cyanamide inhibitor () and its methylated analogue (), while being potent inhibitors, displayed different mechanisms of action (covalent vs noncovalent) and binding modes (Casimiro-Garcia et al.

Hydrolysis, Ligand Exchange, and Redox Properties of Vanadium Compounds: Implications of Solution Transformation on Biological, Therapeutic, and Environmental Applications.

Vanadium is a transition metal with important industrial, technological, biological, and biomedical applications widespread in the environment and in living beings. The different reactions that vanadium compounds (VCs) undergo in the presence of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and metabolites under mild physiological conditions are reviewed. In the environment vanadium is present naturally or through anthropogenic sources, the latter having an environmental impact caused by the dispersion of VCs in the atmosphere and aquifers.

ECG Patterns of Occlusion Myocardial Infarction: A Narrative Review.

The traditional management of acute coronary syndrome has relied on the identification of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) as a proxy of acute coronary occlusion. This conflation of STEMI with acute coronary occlusion has historically overshadowed non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), despite evidence suggesting 25% to 34% of NSTEMI cases may also include acute coronary occlusion. Current limitations in the STEMI/NSTEMI binary framework underscore the need for a revised approach to chest pain and acute coronary syndrome management.

Age-Related Ventricular Tachycardia Substrate Characteristics for Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot Before Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Placement.

Background: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) substrate characteristics before transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) in repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) are unknown.

Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to evaluate substrates for sustained monomorphic VT before TPVR in rTOF.

Methods: Retrospective (2017 to 2021) and prospective (commencing 2021) rTOF patients with native right ventricular outflow tract referred for electrophysiology study (EPS) before TPVR were included.