1,143,168 results match your criteria: "Italy; Research Center in Neurobiology Daniel Bovet (CRiN)[Affiliation]"

Unified space-time description of pulsed twin beams.

Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci

December 2024

Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie del CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano 20133, Italy.

This work provides a mathematical derivation of a quasi-stationary (QS) model for multimode parametric down-conversion (PDC), which was presented in Gatti . (Gatti ., .

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The primary objective was to systematically assess the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of WSLs with orthodontic treatment. The secondary objective was to compare the prevalence of WSLs between conventional fixed appliances (CFA) and other appliances, as well as with no treatment. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACs, Virtual Health Library and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched.

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Membranous dysmenorrhea (a case report).

Int J Gynaecol Obstet

December 2024

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and CE-RICSAL (CEntro di RIcerca Clinico SALentino), "Veris Delli Ponti" Hospital, Lecce, Italy.

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Background: Unrestricted kinematic alignment (uKA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has the theoretical advantage of reproducing patients' constitutional alignment and restoring the pre-arthritic joint line position and obliquity. However, modifications of the original uKA technique have been proposed due to the potential risk of mechanical failure and instability. Given the significant variability in soft tissue behavior within the same bony morphology group, uKA pure knee resurfacing could be occasionally detrimental.

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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding dystrophin, a subsarcolemmal protein whose absence results in increased susceptibility of the muscle fiber membrane to contraction-induced injury. This results in increased calcium influx, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to chronic inflammation, myofiber degeneration, and reduced muscle regenerative capacity. Fast glycolytic muscle fibers have been shown to be more vulnerable to mechanical stress than slow oxidative fibers in both DMD patients and DMD mouse models.

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Due to accelerating climate change and the need for new development to accommodate population growth, adaptation of urban drainage systems has become a pressing issue in cities. Questions arise whether decentralised urban drainage systems are a better alternative to centralised systems, and whether Nature Based Solutions' (NBS) multifunctionality also brings economic benefits. This research aims to develop spatio-economic scenarios to support cities in increasing their resilience to urban flooding with NBS.

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Introduction: The late autumn epizootic of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 in Serbia in 2023 caused massive mortality in the migratory population of common cranes (). This is the first time HPAIV has been identified in the common crane in Serbia, leading to mass mortality of this bird species.

Methods: To understand the pathological impact of HPAIV in cranes, we evaluated the pathological changes in the tissues of common cranes.

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Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a pathogen causing respiratory, renal and reproductive clinical forms in chickens of all ages and productive categories. Its proneness to mutation and recombination gave rise to a plethora of variants differing in terms of pathogenicity, antigenicity, and distribution, with relevant implications for disease control, mainly pursued by routine vaccination, and diagnosis, requiring a steady update of molecular and serological methods. Among the most recent additions to the current phylogenetic classification, based on S1 gene sequencing, is the discovery of an eighth genotype (GVIII), further divided into lineages GVIII-1 and GVIII-2.

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Editorial: Cross-reactive immunity and COVID-19.

Front Immunol

December 2024

Dpto de Immunologia, Facultad de Medicina, U. Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

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Compact and full-range carbon dioxide sensor using photoacoustic and resonance dependent modes.

Photoacoustics

February 2025

Dipartimento di Scienze di Base ed Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome 00161, Italy.

A compact and robust optical excitation photoacoustic sensor with a self-integrated laser module excitation and an optimized differential resonator was developed to achieve high sensitivity and full linear range detection of carbon dioxide (CO) based on dual modes of wavelength modulated photoacoustic spectroscopy (WMPAS) and resonant frequency tracking (RFT). The integrated laser module equipped with three lasers (a quantum cascade laser (QCL), a distributed feedback laser (DFB) and a He-Ne laser) working in a time-division multiplexing mode was used as an integrated set of spectroscopic sources for detection of the designated concentration levels of CO. With the absorption photoacoustic mode, the WMPAS detection with the QCL and DFB sources was capable of CO detection at concentrations below 20 %, yielding a noise equivalent concentration (NEC) as low as 240 ppt and a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient (NNEA) of 4.

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Some Like It Cold: Long-Term Assessment of a Near-Global Invader.

Ecol Evol

December 2024

Department of Conservation Biology and Global Change Estación Biológica de Doñana, EBD-CSIC Sevilla Spain.

Long-term studies depicting the multicontinental invasion trajectories of species are often constrained by the scarcity of documented records, especially for invertebrates. The red swamp crayfish, (Decapoda: Cambaridae), stands out as an uncommon example of hypersuccessful invasive species with a well-known invasion history at both regional and global levels. This allows for the use of its records to track distribution dynamics and bioclimatic preferences over time.

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This paper presents preliminary ecological data on the Cocco's lanternfish (Cocco, 1838) (Osteichthyes: Myctophidae) in the Central Mediterranean and its first records from the northern Ionian Sea. A total of 28 specimens of lantern fish were collected using an experimental trawl net between August and September 2023 in a depth range of 500-701 m in the northern Ionian Sea (central Mediterranean), as part of the MEDITS project. Their morphological traits, the presence and arrangement of photophores together with the otolith characteristics allowed the identification of these specimens as .

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With their unique ecosystems and evolutionary dynamics, small islands offer fascinating contexts to explore animal diversity. Island bats are key players in maintaining ecological balance. However, their populations are threatened worldwide, necessitating comprehensive research and conservation strategies.

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Rationalizing the effects of RNA modifications on protein interactions.

Mol Ther Nucleic Acids

December 2024

Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), RNA System Biology Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Enrico Melen, 83, 16152 Genova, Italy.

RNA modifications play a crucial role in regulating gene expression by altering RNA structure and modulating interactions with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). In this study, we explore the impact of specific RNA chemical modifications-N-methyladenosine (m⁶A), A-to-I editing, and pseudouridine (Ψ)-on RNA secondary structure and protein-RNA interactions. Utilizing genome-wide data, including RNA secondary structure predictions and protein-RNA interaction datasets, we classify proteins into distinct categories based on their binding behaviors: modification specific and structure independent, or modification unspecific and structure dependent.

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Exposure assessment to fine and ultrafine particulate matter during welding activity in the maintenance shop of a steelmaking factory.

Heliyon

December 2024

Unit of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 25121, Brescia, Italy.

Unlabelled: Welding fumes are a main source of occupational exposure to particulate matter (PM), besides gases and ultraviolet radiations, that involves millions of operators worldwide and is related to several health effects, including lung cancer. Our study aims to evaluate the exposure to fine and ultrafine airborne particulate in welding operators working in a steel making factory.In October 2019, air monitoring was performed for four days in five different welding scenarios and in the external area of a steelmaking factory to assess the exposure to airborne particles, ultrafine (UFP) particulate and inhalable fraction, during welding activities.

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The excessive and/or improper use of plant protection products (PPPs) can generate alarming levels of residues in the environment, compromising both soil fertility and food safety. Various organic wastes released in large amounts by agro-industrial activity are currently studied and applied as bioadsorbents for water and soil decontamination. This study explored the capacity of untreated orange peel, olive stones and pistachio shells to adsorb the PPPs oxyfluorfen (OXY), metribuzin (MET) and imidacloprid (IMI), and the xenoestrogen bisphenol A (BPA) from water.

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Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive degradation of articular cartilage, resulting in pain and reduced mobility. Turmeric ( L.) has been widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain inadequately explored.

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Taurine and indicine gray cattle represent relevant livestock resources in many countries of the world. A gray coat color and pigmented skin, which are common in most of the gray cattle breeds, have been demonstrated to confer better adaptation to solar radiation and thermal stresses. In a previous study adopting the F-outlier approach with BayeScan v2.

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Background: This meta-analysis investigates the role of specific brain regions in semantic control processes using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). According to the Controlled Semantic Cognition framework, control processes help manage the contextually appropriate retrieval of semantic information by activating a distributed neural network, including the inferior frontal gyrus, the posterior middle temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule. Lesions in these areas can lead to difficulties in manipulating weakly activated or competing semantic information.

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Sarcoidosis-Like Reaction in Melanoma Patients Receiving Immunotherapy or Targeted Therapy.

Case Rep Oncol Med

December 2024

Oncology Unit Fondazione, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

This case series highlights the complexity of sarcoidosis-like reactions (SLRs) during cancer treatment, specifically in patients receiving immunotherapy or targeted therapies for melanoma. SLRs can either mimic disease progression or present as part of the clinical manifestation, making diagnosis and treatment challenging. Our study reviewed the medical records of 31 patients who were candidates for postoperative treatment between June 2022 and June 2024.

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Fractionated alpha and mixed beam radiation promote stronger pro-inflammatory effects compared to acute exposure and trigger phagocytosis.

Front Cell Neurosci

December 2024

Department of Molecular Biosciences, Centre for Radiation Protection Research, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Introduction And Methods: Aiming to evaluate safety aspects of a recently proposed approach to target Alzheimer's disease, we mimicked a complex boron neutron capture therapy field using a mixed beam consisting of high- and low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, Am alpha particles (α) and/or X-ray radiation respectively, in human microglial (HMC3) cells.

Results: Acute exposure to 2 Gy X-rays induced the strongest response in the formation of γH2AX foci 30 min post irradiation, while α- and mixed beam-induced damage (α:X-ray = 3:1) sustained longer. Fractionation of the same total dose (0.

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Introduction: Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization (MMAE) in patients with chronic SubDural Hematoma (cSDH) is a novel treatment approach, albeit the specific role of MMAE in the treatment of cSDH is not yet defined.

Research Question: The aim of this work is to provide a consensus-based statement from a multidisciplinary panel on the current role of MMAE in patients with cSDH.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was performed using the keywords MMAE and cSDH.

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Bibliometric and visual analysis of human microbiome-breast cancer interactions: current insights and future directions.

Front Microbiol

December 2024

Department of Breast Surgery and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.

The composition of the gut microbiome differs from that of healthy individuals and is closely linked to the progression and development of breast cancer. Recent studies have increasingly examined the relationship between microbial communities and breast cancer. This study analyzed the research landscape of microbiome and breast cancer, focusing on 736 qualified publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC).

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