Vδ2 T-cells response in people with Mpox infection: a three-month longitudinal assessment.

The first evidence that Orthopoxvirus induced the expansion and the recall of effector innate Vδ2T-cells was described in a macaque model. Although, an engagement of αβ T-cells specific response in patients infected with human monkeypox (Mpox) was demonstrated, little is known about the role of γδ T-cells during Mpox infection. IFN-γ-producing γδ T-cells in the resistance to poxviruses may a key role in inducing a protective type 1 memory immunity.

Probing Native CB2 Receptor Mobility in Plasma Membranes of Living Cells by Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching.

In this study, we employed a novel fluorescent probe, RO7304924-which selectively targets cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R)-to assess the lateral mobility of CB2R within the plasma membrane of Chinese hamster ovary cells stably expressing a functional, untagged receptor variant. Utilizing confocal fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), we quantified the diffusion coefficient and mobile fraction of CB2R, thereby demonstrating the efficacy of RO7304924 as an innovative tool for elucidating the dynamics of this major endocannabinoid-binding G protein-coupled receptor. Our present findings highlight the potential of combining advanced ligand-based fluorescent probes with FRAP for future investigations into the biochemical details of CB2R mobility in living cells, and its impact on receptor-dependent cellular processes.

A Glutamate Receptor-Like Gene AtGLR25 With Its Unusual Splice Variant Has a Role in Mediating Glutamate-Elicited Changes in Arabidopsis Root Architecture.

The occurrence of external L-glutamate at the Arabidopsis root tip triggers major changes in root architecture, but the mechanism of -L-Glu sensing is unknown. Members of the family of GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE (GLR) proteins are known to act as amino acid-gated Ca-permeable channels and to have signalling roles in diverse plant processes. To investigate the possible role of GLRs in the root architectural response to L-Glu, we screened a collection of mutants with T-DNA insertions in each of the 20 AtGLR genes.

Non-canonical Roles of Complement in the CNS: From Synaptic Organizer to Presynaptic Modulator of Glutamate Transmission.

The central nervous system (CNS) is not an immune-privileged compartment, but it is intimately intertwined with the immune system. Among the components shared by the two compartments is the complement, a main constituent of innate immunity, which is also produced centrally and controls the development and organization of synaptic connections. Complement is considered a doubled-faced system that, besides controlling the physiological development of the central network, also subserves synaptic engulfment pivotal to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.

Global Publication Trends and Research Hotspots of Diabetes and Osteoporosis.

Background: Diabetes and osteoporosis, as chronic diseases with high incidence, have caused deep concern in the field of global public health due to their high morbidity and mortality. More importantly, the complex and close relationship between diabetes and osteoporosis has gradually become the focus of scientific research. It is very meaningful to carry out bibliometric analysis in the research field of diabetes and osteoporosis to describe the current international trend and present a visual representation of the past and emerging trends of diabetes and osteoporosis in the past decade.

Naphthalimide and Carbazole Based Mechanochromic Molecular Dyads and Triads for Selective Lysosome Imaging.

In this study, we report the design and development of a stable fluorescent probe that is selectively localized in the cytosol of Hela cells. We designed two probes, 1 and 2, with D-π-A (carbazole (Cbz)-vinyl-naphthalimide (NPI)) and A-π-D-π-A (NPI-vinyl-Cbz-vinyl-NPI) architecture, respectively. Probes 1 and 2 exhibit broad photoluminescence (PL) spectra ranging from green (550 nm) to far-red (800 nm) in solutions and aggregated states.

Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Risk of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Association between dietary factors and the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been studied extensively. However, identification of deleterious dietary patterns merits further study.

Aim: To investigate the risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) according to the inflammatory score of the diet (ISD) in the multinational European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Tremor as an intrinsic feature of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

We aim to understand whether tremor may be an intrinsic feature of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and whether individuals with JME plus tremor experience a different disease course. Thirty-one individuals with JME plus tremor (17 females, mean age = 33.9 ± 13.

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treatment strategies: Are transarterial approaches leading the way?

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with advanced stages posing significant treatment challenges. Although hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) has emerged as a promising modality for treating advanced HCC, particularly in Asian clinical practice, its adoption in Western medicine remains limited due to a lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials. This editorial reviews and comments on the meta-analysis conducted by Zhou , which evaluates the efficacy and safety of HAIC and its combination strategies for advanced HCC.

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase polymorphisms in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and their impact on fluoropyrimidine tolerability: Experience from a single Italian institution.

Background: Fluoropyrimidines are metabolized in the liver by the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), encoded by the gene. About 7% of the European population is a carrier of gene polymorphisms associated with reduced DPD enzyme activity.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of polymorphisms and their impact on fluoropyrimidine tolerability in Italian patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.

Sex Disparities in Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in Europe.

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death in the European Union (EU). Understanding variations by sex, income, and countries can help in tailoring effective public health policies.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine trends in sex differences in IHD prevalence and prognosis within the EU.

Promotion of Cardiovascular Health in Africa: The Alliance for Medical Research in Africa (AMedRA) Expert Panel.

This proposed scientific statement is focused on providing new insights regarding challenges and opportunities for cardiovascular health (CVH) promotion in Africa. The statement includes an overview of the current state of CVH in Africa, with a particular interest in the cardiometabolic risk factors and their evaluation through metrics. The statement also explains the main principles of primordial prevention, its relevance in reducing noncommunicable disease and the different strategies that have been effective worldwide.

Nitrogen Enriched Tröger's Base Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity for Heterogeneous Catalysis.

Heterogeneous catalysis is significantly enhanced by the use of highly porous polymers with specific functionalities, such as basic groups, which accelerate reaction rates. Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) provide a unique platform for catalytic reactions owing to their high surface areas and customizable pore structures. We herein report a series of Tröger's base polymers (TB-PIMs) with enhanced basicity, achieved through the incorporation of nitrogen-containing groups into their repeat units, such as triazine and triphenylamine.

Therapeutic regimens against infection without proton pump inhibitors in patients with corpus atrophic gastritis: a real-life single-centre longitudinal observational study.

Background: Efficacy of eradication regimens in (Hp) infection is commonly reported with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). In patients with corpus atrophic gastritis, characterized by impaired acid secretion, PPI treatment is questionable.

Objectives: The current study aimed to assess in clinical practice the tolerability and eradication rate of modified eradication regimens without PPI as first-line treatment in patients with histologically Hp-positive corpus atrophic gastritis.

Echocardiography of the right heart in pulmonary arterial hypertension: insights from the ULTRA RIGHT VALUE study.

Aims: Outcome in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is determined by right ventricular (RV) function adaptation to increased afterload. Echocardiography is easily available to assist bedside evaluation of the RV. However, no agreement exists about the feasibility and most relevant measurements.

Thiol-Reactive or Redox-Active: Revising a Repurposing Screen Led to a New Invalidation Pipeline and Identified a True Noncovalent Inhibitor Against Papain-like Protease from SARS-CoV-2.

The SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease PLpro has multiple roles in the viral replication cycle, related to both its polypeptide cleavage function and its ability to antagonize the host immune response. Targeting the PLpro function is recognized as a promising mechanism to modulate viral replication, while supporting host immune responses. However, the development of PLpro-specific inhibitors remains challenging.

Digital solutions for migrant and refugee health: a framework for analysis and action.

Digital technologies can help support the health of migrants and refugees and facilitate research on their health issues. However, ethical concerns include security and confidentiality of information; informed consent; how to engage migrants in designing, implementing and researching digital tools; inequitable access to mobile devices and the internet; and access to health services for early intervention and follow-up. Digital technical solutions do not necessarily overcome problems that are political, social, or economic.

Successful treatment of a C2 aneurysmal bone cyst with hydroxyapatite and calcium sulfate synthetic bone void filler injection: a case report.

Background: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign, blood-filled neoplasms causing bone destruction, often requiring resection. However, challenges arise, especially at the cranio-cervical junction, where proximity to critical structures limits removal. Non-surgical options include selective arterial embolization (SAE) as main treatment, while Denosumab and centrifugated bone marrow emerge as experimental alternatives.

Quantifying West Nile virus circulation in the avian host population in Northern Italy.

West Nile virus (WNV) is one of the most threatening mosquito-borne pathogens in Italy where hundreds of human cases were recorded during the last decade. Here, we estimated the WNV incidence in the avian population in the Emilia-Romagna region through a modelling framework which enabled us to eventually assess the fraction of birds that present anti-WNV antibodies at the end of each epidemiological season. We fitted an SIR model to ornithological data, consisting of 18,989 specimens belonging to Corvidae species collected between 2013 and 2022: every year from May to November birds are captured or shot and tested for WNV genome presence.

Socioeconomic correlates of urban mobility trends in two Australian cities during transitional periods of the COVID-19 pandemic.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, both government-mandated lockdowns and discretionary changes in behaviour combined to produce dramatic and abrupt changes to human mobility patterns. To understand the socioeconomic determinants of intervention compliance and discretionary behavioural responses to epidemic threats, we investigate whether changes in human mobility showed a systematic variation by socioeconomic status during two distinct periods of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. We analyse mobility data from two major urban centres and compare the trends during mandated stay-at-home policies and after the full relaxation of nonpharmaceutical interventions, which coincided with a large surge of COVID-19 cases.

Chimeric anterolateral thigh-vastus lateralis free flap with propeller skin island for functional quadriceps reconstruction.

Introduction: Soft-tissue sarcomas arising in the thigh may require total or subtotal compartmentectomy, with subsequent need for functional reconstruction with free functional muscle transfer (FFMT). We present our series, describing a new approach with chimeric propeller antero-lateral thigh-vastus lateralis (ALT-VL) free flap, which allows for independent muscle inset and soft tissue defect resurfacing.

Patient And Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed, analyzing all patients referred to Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy, between 2018 and 2023 for soft-tissue sarcomas of the thigh requiring wide excision and reconstruction with functional ALT-VL.

Temporomandibular disorders: A new list of key points to summarize the standard of care.

This letter is being sent to editors of major dental journals around the world. Attached to it is an Announcement that summarizes a recently published position paper which deals with the topic of standards of care for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs). That paper, entitled "Temporomandibular disorders: INfORM/IADR key points for good clinical practice based on standard of care", was developed by a group of expert researchers and clinicians over a one-year period.