Towards artificial intelligence application in pain medicine.

Pain is a complex, multidimensional experience involving significant challenges in both diagnosis and management. While acute pain serves as a critical warning mechanism, chronic pain encompasses intricate biological, psychological, and social components, complicating its assessment and treatment. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are revolutionizing medicine and healthcare.

Peaceful acceptance and struggle with terminal cancer: The role of mindfulness, self-compassion, and body image distress.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the extent to which mindfulness, self-compassion, and body image distress are associated with peaceful acceptance or struggle with illness in terminally ill cancer patients, after controlling for psychological distress, sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, education, marital status), and clinical characteristics (body mass index, Karnofsky Performance Status, time since diagnosis).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 135 terminally ill cancer patients. Participants were consecutively sampled.

Blood pressure variability: a review.

Blood pressure variability (BPV) predicts cardiovascular events independent of mean blood pressure. BPV is defined as short-term (24-h), medium or long- term (weeks, months or years). Standard deviation, coefficient of variation and variation independent of the mean have been used to quantify BPV.

Topics of Interest in Women With Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.

Overview: Sex and gender have emerged as central modifiers of disease biology, phenotype, and clinical outcomes in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). This review will uniquely highlight issues affecting women with MPN and articulate their relevant determinants.

Epidemiology And Diagnosis: A higher overall prevalence of MPN has been established in women.

Local release of renin unveils intrarenal arterial fibromuscular dysplasia.

A previously healthy young man developed severe hypertension requiring triple antihypertensive therapy. Initial evaluation identified hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism, mild hypokalaemia, hypodensity within the right kidney at computed tomography (CT), normal renal arteries at echography. He was referred to Verona ESH Centre were angio-CT revealed significant stenosis of an aberrant branch artery of the right kidney with hypo-perfused area colocalizing with a hypo-oxygenated area, as assessed by BOLD-MR imaging.

Strategies in using artificial intelligence to combat antimicrobial resistance.

Infectious diseases caused by pathogens resistant to antimicrobial treatments, defined as antimicrobial resistance (AMR), are a serious global health crisis, considered among the main threats to global public health according to the World Health Organization. New forms of advanced information technology are receiving global consideration as a help in countering this health threat, like Artificial Intelligence (AI). Applications of AI in healthcare could help in reducing the time needed to discover new antimicrobial drugs, improving the accuracy and timing of surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment, while reducing expenses.

[Evaluating the accuracy of large language models in answering mammography screening questions in Italian and English: a study based on the Eusobi guidelines.].

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming various aspects of everyday life, including healthcare, through large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot. These systems are increasingly used to disseminate medical information, allowing patients to access simplified explanations. This study aims to compare responses to breast imaging-related questions formulated in Italian and English, based on Eusobi guidelines, evaluating the LLMs' ability to provide accurate and complete answers on mammography screening concepts.

Virtual reality and artificial intelligence: the future of mental health. A narrative review.

In recent years, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) in the psychiatric field has been rapidly developing. This narrative review seeks to provide insight into how these technologies may be used in psychiatric disorders. VR is used above all to analyze symptoms in detail and personalize therapy.

Quasi-species prevalence and clinical impact of evolving SARS-CoV-2 lineages in European COVID-19 cohorts, January 2020 to February 2022.

BackgroundEvolution of SARS-CoV-2 is continuous.AimBetween 01/2020 and 02/2022, we studied SARS-CoV-2 variant epidemiology, evolution and association with COVID-19 severity.MethodsIn nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients (n = 1,762) from France, Italy, Spain, and the Netherlands, SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and whole-genome sequencing, and the virus variant/lineage (NextStrain/Pangolin) was determined.

Management of Cardiac Rhythm Disorders in Cardio-oncology.

Arrhythmias and cancer are two pathological conditions that often coexist due to a patient's pre-existing comorbidities, or toxicity linked to anti-neoplastic drugs, and both are often characterised by poor prognosis. Cardio-oncology is a new interdisciplinary field that focuses on the cardiovascular health of cancer patients, especially those undergoing cancer treatment. Furthermore, cardiotoxicity can cause arrhythmias through primary and secondary mechanisms.

Multi-omics analysis of uterine fluid extracellular vesicles reveals a resemblance with endometrial tissue across the menstrual cycle: biological and translational insights.

Study Question: Does the molecular composition of uterine fluid extracellular vesicles (UF-EVs) reflect endometrial tissue changes across the menstrual cycle?

Summary Answer: Concordance between endometrial tissue and UF-EVs exists on miRNA and mRNA levels along the menstrual cycle phases and UF-EV surface proteomic signatures suggest EVs originate from several major endometrial cell populations.

What Is Known Already: The clinical value of endometrial receptivity testing is restricted by invasiveness and the use of only one omics level of input. There is promising evidence that UF-EVs can reflect changes in mid-secretory endometrium, highlighting the potential to establish endometrial receptivity testing right before embryo transfer.

Intracardiac flow dynamics in mitral regurgitation: state of the art.

Intracardiac flow dynamics is a complex phenomenon interrelated with cardiac mechanics. Today, it can be evaluated non-invasively using various imaging modalities, including echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. This review explores the effects of mitral regurgitation on blood flow dynamics inside the left ventricular and atrial cavities and emphasizes the disruption of normal flow dynamics caused by mitral regurgitation, leading to turbulent flow and increased energy dissipation.

Exploring imaged capillary isoelectric focusing parameters for enhanced charge variants quality control.

Biopharmaceuticals are increasingly utilised in the treatment of oncological, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases, largely due to their exceptional specificity in targeting antigens. However, their structural complexity, heterogeneity, and sensitivity pose crucial challenges in their production, purification, and delivery. Charge heterogeneity analysis, a Critical Quality Attribute of these biomolecules used in their Quality Control, is often performed using separative analytical techniques such as imaged capillary Isoelectric Focusing (icIEF).

Selecting patients with sickle cell disease for gene addition or gene editing-based therapeutic approaches: Report on behalf of a joint EHA Specialized Working Group and EBMT Hemoglobinopathies Working Party consensus conference.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) remains associated with reduced life expectancy and poor quality of life despite improvements observed in the last decades mostly related to comprehensive care, use of hydroxycarbamide, screening to identify patients at risk of strokes, and implementation of safe transfusion protocols. The course of the disease is highly variable, making it difficult to predict severity and response to therapy. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation potentially provides a cure with a relatively low rate of complications, but few patients have an HLA-identical sibling.

Preliminary results and a theoretical perspective of co‑treatment using a miR‑93‑5p mimic and aged garlic extract to inhibit the expression of the pro‑inflammatory interleukin‑8 gene.

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a very significant health issue in the period between 2020 and 2023, forcing research to characterize severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequences and to develop novel therapeutic approaches. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 are considered significant therapeutic targets for COVID-19 and emerging evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) serve a key role in regulating these genes. MiRNAs are short, 19-25 nucleotides in length, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level through the sequence-selective recognition of the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the regulated mRNAs, eventually repressing translation, commonly, via mRNA degradation.

Exploring the classical and numerical Delboeuf illusion: the impact of transcranial alternating current stimulation on magnitude processing.

Understanding cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying quantity processing is crucial for unraveling human cognition. The existence of a single magnitude system, encompassing non-symbolic number estimation alongside other magnitudes like time and space, is still highly debated since clear evidence is limited. Recent research examined whether spatial biases also influence numerosity judgments, using visual illusions like the Delboeuf illusion.

Annotation of cis-regulatory-associated histone modifications in the genomes of two Thoroughbred stallions.

The Functional Annotation of Animal Genomes (FAANG) consortium aims to annotate animal genomes across species, and work in the horse has substantially contributed to that goal. As part of this initiative, chromatin immunoprecipitation with sequencing (ChIP-seq) was performed to identify histone modifications corresponding to enhancers (H3K4me1), promoters (H3K4me3), activators (H3K27ac), and repressors (H3K27me3) in eight tissues from two Thoroughbred stallions: adipose, parietal cortex, heart, lamina, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, and testis. The average genome coverage of peaks identified by MACS2 for H3K4me1, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac was 6.

T-cell Receptor (TCR)-Vβ Repertoire Flow Cytometry for T-cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder: a Retrospective Analysis of a Single-Center Real-Life Laboratory Experience.

Background: Discrimination between clonal and reactive cell proliferation is critical for the correct management of T-cell lymphocytosis. Multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) represents a valuable tool, particularly because it allows the evaluation of the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vβ repertoire to pinpoint eventual clonality in T-cell lymphocytosis. A restricted expansion of a single out of the 24 evaluable families or a "clonogram-off" pattern is highly suggestive of the presence of a clonal T-cell population.

Novelties on Multiple Myeloma from the Main 2024 Hematology Conferences.

Despite the introduction of several therapies in recent years, multiple myeloma (MM) remains a hematologic malignancy difficult to treat due to its extreme inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity. However, at the 2024 major international conferences, very significant data have emerged on new approaches that can improve outcomes even in high-risk or very advanced diseases. Up-front quadruplet combinations, including anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, proved to be the best therapy in terms of depth of response and long-term efficacy in both transplant-eligible and not-eligible patients with MRD assessment that could play a key role in determining the duration of therapy, avoiding unnecessary overtreatment.

Waldenström Macroglobulinemia - A State-of-the-Art Review: Part 2- Focus on Therapy.

Unlabelled: The diagnosis and treatment of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) are the subjects of this two-part review, which aims to provide current and thorough knowledge of these topics. The first portion of the study, previously published, investigated the epidemiology, etiology, clinicopathological aspects, differential diagnosis, prognostic factors, and impact on WM-specific groups. Specifically, this second section examines both the standard consolidated method and the new therapeutic strategy to handle the complex topic of the treatment of WM.

Leukemia Cutis in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Undergoing Azacitidine-Venetoclax: Case Presentation and Review of the Literature.

Leukemia Cutis (LC) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is typically managed within the context of systemic AML therapy, namely intensive chemotherapy (IC). In frail patients, though, viable options are hypomethylating agents (HMAs) associated with Venetoclax (VEN), but data on the efficacy of this approach in this specific setting is scarce. Here, we report our experience and provide a short review of the previous cases of LC treated with HMAs plus VEN to underline the efficacy of such treatment in LC patients who are unsuitable for IC.