Nanoparticle-protein corona enhances accuracy of Ca-19.9-based pancreatic cancer classification.

Among the various types of pancreatic cancers, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most lethal and aggressive, due to its tendency to metastasize quickly and has a particularly low five-year survival rate. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is the only biomarker approved by the Food and Drug Administration for PDAC and has been a focal point in diagnostic strategies, but its sensitivity and specificity are not sufficient for early and accurate detection. To address this issue, we introduce a synergistic approach combining CA 19-9 levels with a graphene oxide (GO)-based blood test.

Personalized Photoprotection: Expert Consensus and Recommendations From a Delphi Study Among Dermatologists.

Background: Recommending comprehensive personalized photoprotection requires an accurate assessment of the patient's skin, including phototype, lifestyle, exposure conditions, environmental factors, and concomitant cutaneous conditions as well as deep knowledge of the available options: sunscreen ingredients (type of filters, spectrum coverage, sun protection factor, enhanced active ingredients), oral photoprotection, and other methods of sun protection and avoidance.

Objectives: To establish consensus-based recommendations endorsed by an international panel of experts for personalized medical photoprotection recommendations that are applicable globally.

Methods: A two-round Delphi study was designed to determine the degree of agreement and relevance of aspects related to personalized medical photoprotection.

A New Design for Aortic Arch Surgery: Ex Vivo Implantation and Computerized Flow Evaluation of the ISLAND Graft.

Objective: Both the en bloc island technique and the branched graft technique (BGT) present advantages but also limitations in aortic arch surgery. Here is the first presentation of an innovative prosthesis for aortic arch replacement, conceived to overcome the disadvantages of both techniques.

Methods: The novel ISLAND graft is a tubular Dacron or hybrid prosthesis with an additional extended Dacron graft ("bubble") on the superior aspect, for en bloc island graft anastomosis.

A BiO-Optimizing Site Targeted (BOOST) Approach to Periodontal Regeneration Through Local Doxycycline Prior to Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aim: To test a BiO-Optimizing Site Targeted (BOOST) approach to periodontal regeneration by the adjunctive use of locally delivered doxycycline (DOX) 2 weeks prior to minimally invasive surgery in terms of clinical and radiographic outcomes at 1 year.

Methods: For this randomized clinical trial, stage III/IV periodontitis patients presenting sites with intrabony defects and bleeding on probing (BoP+) after steps 1-2 of periodontal treatment were included. Sites were treated via subgingival instrumentation with or without a BOOST approach by local DOX.

New approaches in childhood IgE-mediated food allergy treatment.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to provide an overview of the current and future treatment options for children with food allergies (FAs), highlighting the latest research findings and the potential impact of these new approaches on improving patients' and caregivers' quality of life.

Recent Findings: In the last decade, many promising approaches have emerged as an alternative to the standard avoidance of the culprit food with the risk of severe accidental reactions. Desensitization through oral immunotherapy has been introduced in clinical settings as a therapeutic approach, and more recently also omalizumab.

Mechanisms of CO oxidation on high entropy spinels.

The CO oxidation reaction on (Co,Mg,Mn,Ni,Zn)(Al,Co,Cr,Fe,Mn)O and (Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)O high entropy spinel oxides was studied for what concerns its mechanism by means of soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In the (Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)O high entropy spinel, CO oxidation starts at 150 °C, and complete conversion to CO is obtained at 300 °C. For the (Co,Mg,Mn,Ni,Zn)(Al,Co,Cr,Fe,Mn)O spinel oxides, in contrast, the reaction starts at 200 °C, and complete conversion needs temperatures of the order of 350 °C.

Cutaneous involvement in multiple myeloma. A rare entity.

Cutaneous involvement in multiple myeloma is rare and may present as nodules mimicking other lymphoid neoplasms. It typically occurs late in the course of the disease and is associated with an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis.

Unusual cholesterol crystal formation in a rare clinical case report of splenic echinococcal cyst in a patient from Sardinia, Italy.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by sensu lato, the metacestode of a tapeworm parasite of high medical importance. Infection of the parasite leads to the development of echinococcal cysts, and the spleen is a rarely infected organ. A 46-year-old woman who was born and who resides in Sardinia, Italy, was referred to the Echinococcosis outpatient clinic at the University Hospital of Sassari (Sardinia, Italy) for a pain in the left flank.

From Flies to Humans: Conserved Roles of CEBPZ, NOC2L, and NOC3L in rRNA Processing and Tumorigenesis.

NOC1, NOC2, and NOC3 are conserved nucleolar proteins essential for regulating ribosomal RNA (rRNA) maturation, a process critical for cellular homeostasis. NOC1, in and yeast, enhances nucleolar activity to sustain rRNA processing, whereas its depletion leads to impaired polysome formation, reduced protein synthesis, and apoptosis. These genes have vertebrate homologs called CEBPZ, NOC2L, and NOC3l.

Lithospheric strike-slip faulting in central Tibet since 35-32 Ma and implications for the incipient Asian extrusional tectonics.

The onset age and depth of the central Tibet strike-slip faults are two still unresolved fundamental issues with regard to the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of central Tibet. Here we present a comprehensive dataset of geochronological, geochemical and structural data on recently discovered en-echelon dykes representing the incipient development of strike-slip faulting from the Lunpola basin in central Tibet. Our results provide evidence for mantle-derived, bimodal magmatism linked to lithospheric-scale strike-slip faulting at 35-32 Ma, and demonstrate that the central Tibet strike-slip faults are at least 20 Ma older than previously estimated (15-8 Ma).

Giant triple negative pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) in a young woman: From diagnosis to therapy step by step: A case report.

Pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) presents unique challenges. This type of breast cancer is often more aggressive than that diagnosed in nonpregnant women, and its diagnosis is frequently delayed. Several factors contribute to this delay, including the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy, such as breast enlargement, breast tenderness and increased tissue density, which can mask early signs of malignancy.

Novel approach to treating calcified infrarenal aortic stenosis using intravascular lithotripsy without stenting.

This case report presents the use of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) in a 68-year-old woman with disabling bilateral claudication owing to a heavily calcified subocclusive stenosis of the infrarenal aorta. The patient had a history of tobacco use, dyslipidemia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with absent femoral pulses and severe arterial calcification. A 12-mm Shockwave L6 lithotripsy catheter was employed to treat the aortic lesion, resulting in a significant decrease in the aortic pressure gradient without the need for stenting.

Pulmonary fibrosis as the sole manifestation of anti-Ku antibody positivity in the absence of myositis: A case report.

Background: Anti-Ku antibodies are autoantibodies directed against the Ku protein complex involved in DNA repair. They are typically associated with overlap syndromes featuring polymyositis and systemic sclerosis. Isolated pulmonary involvement without myositis is exceedingly rare.

Loss of increases type I interferon signalling and reduces pancreatic tumour growth by enhancing immune cell infiltration.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal forms of cancer, and despite low incidence rates, it remains the sixth leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Immunotherapy, which aims to enhance the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, has emerged as a promising approach in the battle against PDAC. PARP7, a mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase, is a negative regulator of the type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway and has been reported to reduce anti-tumour immunity.

Desensitization With Imlifidase for HLA-Incompatible Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation: A Delphi International Expert Consensus.

Highly sensitized (HS) patients in need of kidney transplantation (KTx) typically spend a longer time waiting for compatible kidneys, are unlikely to receive an organ offer, and are at increased risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Desensitization using imlifidase, which is more rapid and removes total body immunoglobulin G (IgG) to a greater extent than other methods, enables transplantation to occur between HLA-incompatible (HLAi) donor-recipient pairs and allows patients to have greater access to KTx. However, when the project was launched there was limited data and clinical experience with desensitization in general and with imlifidase specifically.

Associations between degree of food processing and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a multicentre prospective cohort analysis in 9 European countries.

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been linked with higher risk of mortality. This multi-centre study investigated associations between food intake by degree of processing, using the Nova classification, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Advanced robotics for automated EV battery testing using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Introduction: The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) has highlighted the need for efficient diagnostic methods to assess the state of health (SoH) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) at the end of their life cycle. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) offers a non-invasive technique for determining battery degradation. However, automating this process in industrial settings remains a challenge.

Update on Pulmonary Toxicity Induced by New Breast Cancer Treatments.

In recent years, new anticancer drugs have been investigated and approved for the treatment of breast cancer based on improved survival outcomes. However, these new treatments have specific class-related side effects. Pulmonary toxicity has been identified as an adverse event of special interest with everolimus, and is becoming an increasingly significant clinical challenge with the recent approval of trastuzumab deruxtecan.

Considerations for developing syndrome-informed early interventions for children with neurogenetic conditions.

New insights regarding the early emergence of phenotypic patterns of strength and challenge in neurogenetic conditions afford the possibility of personalized, anticipatory intervention approaches. The development of novel 'syndrome-informed' interventions, however, should incorporate principles that will maximize the utility of intervention activities for as many children with a given neurogenetic condition as possible. This review examines several of these dimensions, including the use of community-engaged frameworks to ensure feasibility and acceptability of novel interventions; the development of cross-nationally valid approaches that can be readily translated into other languages and cultural contexts; and the use of adaptive interventions designs that allow for the tailoring of intervention pathways based on key child dimensions.

The dilemma of X-linked agammaglobulinemia carriers.

Background: Many patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) nowadays have reached adulthood, as well as their sisters, possibly carriers of a deleterious Bruton tyrosine kinase variant. Studies on motherhood outcomes in families with XLA are lacking.

Objective: We sought to investigate adherence to carrier status screening, interest in preconception and prenatal genetic counseling, and reproductive decisions in relatives with XLA.

Rare epithelial gastric cancers: a review of the current treatment knowledge.

Gastric cancer (GC), one of the tumours with the highest mortality worldwide, is not a homogeneous disease, showing different features according to location, macroscopic aspect, histotype and molecular alterations. Adenocarcinoma is the most frequent epithelial GC (95%), the remaining 5% comprising rare epithelial tumours with their peculiarities, behaviour and incidence <6 cases/100,000/year. Due to the low number of cases, many aspects must be elucidated in this context.

A new Digital Harmony Search algorithm for optimizing Pump Scheduling in Water Distribution Networks.

Pumps in Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) adequately provide effective pressure where low elevation or high head losses are detected within the system. One of the most effective strategies to ensure economic sustainability is Pump Scheduling (PS), assuring the optimization of pump management and enabling significant energy cost saving. Meta-heuristic algorithms can be applied to Pump Scheduling, given their ability to provide reliable global solutions, further complemented by limited computational efforts.

Lightweight Retinal Layer Segmentation With Global Reasoning.

Automatic retinal layer segmentation with medical images, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) images, serves as an important tool for diagnosing ophthalmic diseases. However, it is challenging to achieve accurate segmentation due to low contrast and blood flow noises presented in the images. In addition, the algorithm should be light-weight to be deployed for practical clinical applications.

Successful Management of Palatal Developmental Groove-Associated Periodontal Defect Using Palatal Access Flap and Odontoradiculoplasty: A Case Report.

This case report discusses the successful management of a deep palatal developmental groove associated with Stage III generalized Grade C periodontitis. Despite prior nonsurgical periodontal therapy, the disease progressed rapidly, necessitating further intervention. A comprehensive evaluation revealed generalized periodontitis with localized tooth-related predisposing factor due to a developmental groove in the vital upper left lateral incisor.