Duration of Disease and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Difficult-To-Treat Recurrent Pericarditis: A Chronic Condition Treated With Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Colchicine, Corticosteroids, and Anti-Interleukin-1 Agents.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the remission rate and disease duration in idiopathic or post-cardiac injury pericarditis and risk factors for disease duration and anti-interleukin-1 (IL-1) agent discontinuation.

Methods: This was a multicenter, longitudinal, observational study including 370 patients (51.4% female).

Centimeter-Sized CsPbBr Single-Crystal Films for Energy-Resolved Radiation Detection.

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are promising materials for radiation detection. Compared with polycrystalline films, single crystals (SCs) have lower defect density, higher carrier mobility, and lifetime. However, the direct synthesis of MHP SCs for large-area flat panel imaging detectors remains challenging.

Moebius syndrome and hypopituitarism: a case of multiple pituitary hormone deficiency and revision of the literature.

Objectives: Moebius syndrome (MS) is a rare congenital non-progressive rhombencephalic disorder mostly characterised by abducens and facial nerve palsy, but with a multifaceted clinical presentation. Isolated or multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies in the setting of MS have been occasionally reported, but the simultaneous involvement of three or more hypothalamic-pituitary axes has never been described. We hereby report the case of a girl with MS that showed a co-occurrence of GH-, TSH- and ACTH-deficiency.

MicroRNA Expression in High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma With 11q Aberration.

Mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas, such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), show variations in microRNA (miRNA) expression. The entity of High-grade B-cell lymphoma with 11q aberration (HGBCL-11q) shares several biological features with both BL and DLBCL but data on its miRNA expression profile are yet scarce. Hence, this study aims to analyze the potential differences in miRNA expression of HGBCL-11q compared to BL and DLBCL.

Immunotherapy-based neoadjuvant treatment and complication rates after radical cystectomy.

Objective: To assess 30- and 90-day postoperative complication rates in patients who underwent robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) after receiving novel immunotherapy-based neoadjuvant treatment.

Methods: A bi-centre analysis was conducted in patients who underwent RARC with intracorporeal urinary diversion and who received an immunotherapy-based neoadjuvant regimen between 2017 and 2023. Complications were classified using the Clavien-Dindo system.

Time perception in bipolar disorder: a systematic review.

Objective: Time distortions characterise severe mental disorders, exhibiting different clinical and neurobiological manifestations. This systematic review aims to explore the existing literature encompassing experimental studies on time perception in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), considering psychopathological and cognitive correlates.

Methods: Studies using an experimental paradigm to objectively measure the capacity to judge time have been searched for.

Oncological Feasibility of Limited Neck Dissection in cN0 Supraglottic Laryngeal Cancer.

Background: Supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a significant portion of head and neck cancers, with the management of clinically negative necks (cN0) through selective neck dissection (SND) being debated due to potential morbidities and low metastasis rates in levels IIb and IV.

Methods: This study is a retrospective, multicenter examination of the potential feasibility of limited neck dissection (LND), including only levels IIa and III in cN0 supraglottic SCC patients. It analyzed occult metastasis rates and explored relapse occurrences alongside potential predictors of lymph node metastasis.

Long-term ultrasonographic changes of the canine prostate gland after castration.

Introduction: Ultrasound imaging (US) is the method of choice to assess the canine prostate gland. Whilst recent studies have documented the role of castration in the development of prostatic neoplasia, little is known about parenchymal and perfusion features of the normal and abnormal prostate in neutered dogs. No data are available concerning prostatic changes after the first 90 days following castration.

Identification of an immunological signature of long COVID syndrome.

Introduction: Acute COVID-19 infection causes significant alterations in the innate and adaptive immune systems. While most individuals recover naturally, some develop long COVID (LC) syndrome, marked by persistent or new symptoms weeks to months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite its prevalence, there are no clinical tests to distinguish LC patients from those fully recovered.

The immunological bases of alemtuzumab as induction-therapy in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.

Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis (POMS) is characterized by both white and grey matter inflammation, as well as by a higher risk of long-term physical and cognitive disability. The peculiar immunopathogenic mechanisms of POMS suggests that the use of induction therapies, including alemtuzumab (ALTZ), might be a promising approach, at least for postpuberal (> 11 yo) POMS. Although no data on the use of induction therapies in POMS are available from clinical trials currently, case series or case reports on the effect of alemtuzumab (ALTZ) have been recently published.

Investigating the relationship between the immune response and the severity of COVID-19: a large-cohort retrospective study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has left an indelible mark globally, presenting numerous challenges to public health. This crisis, while disruptive and impactful, has provided a unique opportunity to gather precious clinical data extensively. In this observational, case-control study, we utilized data collected at the Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Italy, to comprehensively characterize the immuno-inflammatory features in COVID-19 patients.

Tregs levels and phenotype modifications during Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis course.

Introduction: T regulatory cells (Tregs) inversely correlate with disease progression in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and fast-progressing ALS patients have been reported to exhibit dysfunctional, as well as reduced, levels of Tregs. This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes in Tregs among ALS patients, considering potential clinical and biological modifiers of their percentages and concentrations. Additionally, we explored whether measures of ALS progression, such as the decline over time in the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-r) or forced vital capacity (FVC) correlated Treg levels and whether Treg phenotype varied during the course of ALS.

Which type of feedback-Positive or negative- reinforces decision recall? An EEG study.

This study examines the impact of positive and negative feedback on recall of past decisions, focusing on behavioral performance and electrophysiological (EEG) responses. Participants completed a decision-making task involving 10 real-life scenarios, each followed by immediate positive or negative feedback. In a recall phase, participants' accuracy (ACC), errors (ERRs), and response times (RTs) were recorded alongside EEG data to analyze brain activity patterns related to recall.

"Choice of surgical approach for the treatment of acute small bowel obstruction: A retrospective analysis from a high-volume single center in Milan, Northern Italy".

Background: Acute small bowel obstruction (aSBO) is the most common cause (76%) of acute intestinal obstruction. Laparoscopy use is still controversial in aSBO and indications not yet clearly defined. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of a laparoscopic approach in aSBO by using specific pre-operative criteria for appropriate patient selection.

Artificial intelligence in healthcare: transforming patient safety with intelligent systems-A systematic review.

Introduction: Adverse events in hospitals significantly compromise patient safety and trust in healthcare systems, with medical errors being a leading cause of death globally. Despite efforts to reduce these errors, reporting remains low, and effective system changes are rare. This systematic review explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical risk management.

Frailty index, frailty phenotype and 6-year mortality trends in the FRASNET cohort.

Background: Frailty, a geriatric syndrome associated with adverse outcomes, lacks a universal definition. No consensus exists on the most effective frailty scale for predicting mortality.

Methods: This prospective observational study followed community-dwelling volunteers for 6 years.

stormTB: a web-based simulator of a murine minimal-PBPK model for anti-tuberculosis treatments.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant threat to global health, with millions of new infections and approximately one million deaths annually. Various modeling efforts have emerged, offering tailored data-driven and physiologically-based solutions for novel and historical compounds. However, this diverse modeling panorama may lack consistency, limiting result comparability.

Xpert Bladder Cancer Detection in Emergency Setting Assessment (XESA Project): A Prospective, Single-centre Trial.

Background And Objective: Bladder cancer (BC) represents a significant health care challenge and is frequently detected during evaluations for haematuria in emergency departments (EDs). Our aim was to evaluate the clinical performance and economic implications of the Xpert BC Detection (BCD) test for patients presenting to the ED with haematuria to address the pressing need for more efficient and accurate diagnostic tools in this setting.

Methods: We conducted a prospective single-centre observational study in the ED of a tertiary university hospital.

A Cross-sectional Survey of Physicians to Understand Biomarker Testing and Treatment Patterns in Patients with Prostate Cancer in the USA, EU5, Japan, and China.

Background And Objective: Treatment landscape in advanced prostate cancer (PC) is evolving. There is limited understanding of the factors influencing decision-making for genetic/genomic testing and the barriers to recommending testing and treatment in international real-world clinical practice following the approval of poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) for metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC). This work aims to assess genetic/genomic testing patterns and methods, including for homologous recombination repair mutation (HRRm), and treatment decisions among physicians caring for patients with PC across the USA, Europe, and Asia.

Functional outcome improvement and surgical time reduction in a single-surgeon consecutive case series of hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement: A minimum 5 years follow-up study.

Purpose: The learning curve of a single surgeon performing hip arthroscopy is reported to be steep, but, to date, the inflection point after which procedures are more successful is still unknown. The aim of this study was to design a learning curve focused on clinical outcomes, complications and revision/conversion rates.

Methods: Seventy-one hip arthroscopies performed for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) by a single surgeon, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years, were considered.

Validation framework for digital measures.

The adoption of digital measures in pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) presents an opportunity to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of discovering and developing new therapeutics. For clinical measures, the Digital Medicine Society's (DiMe) V3 Framework is a comprehensive validation framework that encompasses verification, analytical validation, and clinical validation. This manuscript describes collaborative efforts to adapt this framework to ensure the reliability and relevance of digital measures for a preclinical context.

Health-related physical fitness in children among five Mediterranean countries: a cross-cultural study from the DELICIOUS project.

Background: Health-related fitness (HRF) components are essential for supporting healthy growth and reducing long-term health risks in children. This study explored cross-cultural variations in HRF among children from five Mediterranean countries-Egypt, Italy, Lebanon, Portugal, and Spain-within the framework of the DELICIOUS project.

Methods: A total of 860 children participated in the study, including 204 from Egypt ( = 204, 11.

Gut mycobiome and neuropsychiatric disorders: insights and therapeutic potential.

Background: The human gut mycobiome, a minor but integral component of the gut microbiome, has emerged as a significant player in host homeostasis and disease development. While bacteria have traditionally been the focus of gut microbiome studies, recent evidence suggests that fungal communities (mycobiota) may also play a crucial role in modulating health, particularly in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on the relationship between the gut mycobiome and neuropsychiatric disorders, exploring the potential of targeting fungal communities as a novel therapeutic strategy.