CD36 enrichment in HER2-positive mesenchymal stem cells drives therapy refractoriness in breast cancer.

Background: Growing evidence shows that the reprogramming of fatty acid (FA) metabolism plays a key role in HER2-positive (HER2 +) breast cancer (BC) aggressiveness, therapy resistance and cancer stemness. In particular, HER2 + BC has been defined as a "lipogenic disease" due to the functional and bi-directional crosstalk occurring between HER2-mediated oncogenic signaling and FA biosynthesis via FA synthase activity. In this context, the functional role exerted by the reprogramming of CD36-mediated FA uptake in HER2 + BC poor prognosis and therapy resistance remains unclear.

Diagnostic outcomes after gluten challenge in adult patients with unconfirmed coeliac disease already on a gluten-free diet: A 20-year retrospective cohort study.

Background: In uncertain cases of coeliac disease (CD), gluten challenge (GC) may be necessary to confirm or exclude the diagnosis. However, data on diagnostic outcomes after GC are limited.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate outcomes after GC in patients with unconfirmed CD who had already started a gluten-free diet (GFD), and identify predictors of a confirmed diagnosis.

Enhancing the effect of rehabilitation on multiple sclerosis: A randomized clinical trial investigating the impact of remotely-supervised transcranial direct current stimulation and virtual reality telerehabilitation training.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease characterized by balance and gait impairment, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and diminished quality of life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as an effective intervention for managing these symptoms.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the efficacy of remotely supervised tDCS (RS-tDCS) applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, in conjunction with a telerehabilitation (TR) program, on motor (balance and gait), cognitive (executive functions), and participation outcomes (fatigue, anxiety, depression, and quality of life) in persons with MS (pwMS).

The Pivotal Role of an Early Post-Acute Cardiac Rehabilitation as an Evidence-Based Management of Left Ventricular Assist Device Patients.

Background: Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) implantation is an important treatment option for patients with advanced CHF. Referral to an early, intensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program in these patients seems still underused. This observational descriptive study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an early intensive CR program in LVAD recipients, also comparing results with a matched group of advanced HFrEF patients.

A Deep Learning-Based Framework Oriented to Pathological Gait Recognition with Inertial Sensors.

Abnormal locomotor patterns may occur in case of either motor damages or neurological conditions, thus potentially jeopardizing an individual's safety. Pathological gait recognition (PGR) is a research field that aims to discriminate among different walking patterns. A PGR-oriented system may benefit from the simulation of gait disorders by healthy subjects, since the acquisition of actual pathological gaits would require either a higher experimental time or a larger sample size.

Management of B3 breast lesions: Potential clinical implications from a retrospective study conducted in an accredited Breast Unit following the 2024 EUSOMA guidelines.

B3 breast lesions present significant challenge in breast surgery. Despite their relatively low risk of malignancy without cellular atypia, overtreatment remains common. We retrospectively evaluate the management of B3 lesions in an accredited-EUSOMA Breast Unit, comparing 10-years practices with 2016 and 2019 international Consensus Conferences and with 2024 EUSOMA guidelines.

The Gut Microbiota's Role in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Aim: This article aims to explore the role of the human gut microbiota (GM) in the pathogenesis of neurological, psychiatric, and neurodevelopmental disorders, highlighting its influence on health and disease, and investigating potential therapeutic strategies targeting GM modulation.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive analysis of the gut microbiota's composition and its interaction with the human body, particularly, its role in neurological and psychiatric conditions, is provided. The review discusses factors influencing GM composition, including birth mode, breastfeeding, diet, medications, and geography.

The Role of Macronutrients and Gut Microbiota in Neuroinflammation Post-Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a multifaceted pathological condition resulting from external forces that disrupt neuronal integrity and function. This narrative review explores the intricate relationship between dietary macronutrients, gut microbiota (GM), and neuroinflammation in the TBI. We delineate the dual aspects of TBI: the immediate mechanical damage (primary injury) and the subsequent biological processes (secondary injury) that exacerbate neuronal damage.

Planetary Health Diet for Childhood Obesity Prevention: Integrating Nutritional Health with Environmental Stewardship.

Background: Childhood obesity is a critical public health challenge with a rising prevalence worldwide, contributing to numerous health risks and long-term societal burdens. Concurrently, climate change and environmental degradation demand sustainable approaches to dietary patterns. The Planetary Health Diet (PHD), initially designed for adults, emphasizes plant-based foods and sustainable practices.

Conservative Treatment of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy: A Narrative Review.

Neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) is a flaccid paralysis of the upper limbs that occurs in about 0.4 percent of live births. This condition can produce permanent disabilities; to date, there is no consensus on protocols to be applied for the rehabilitation of children with this condition.

The Role of Therapeutic Endoscopic Ultrasound in Management of Malignant Double Obstruction (Biliary and Gastric Outlet): A Comprehensive Review with Clinical Scenarios.

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided interventions have revolutionized the management of malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) and gastric outlet obstruction (GOO), providing minimally invasive alternatives with improved outcomes. These procedures have significantly reduced the need for high-risk surgical interventions or percutaneous alternatives and have provided effective palliative care for patients with advanced gastrointestinal and bilio-pancreatic malignancies. EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) techniques, including hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS), choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS), and antegrade stenting (EUS-AS), offer high technical and clinical success rates, with a good safety profile particularly when Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is not feasible.

Long-Term Survival of Methotrexate as First-Line Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis and Undifferentiated Arthritis.

: In the era of biotechnological drugs, methotrexate (MTX) still represents the first-line treatment in chronic inflammatory arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and undifferentiated arthritis (UA). The aim of our study was to evaluate the persistence of MTX as a first-line treatment in a group of patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis. : We conducted a retrospective analysis of a database of outpatients diagnosed with RA, PsA, or UA who visited our Rheumatology Clinic from January 2014 to January 2022.

Surgical Management of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Efficacy, Outcomes, and Alternatives-A Systematic Review.

Aim: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder. OSA affects approximately 2 million Italians, although only 3% receive a diagnosis and correct treatment. This review aims to provide an overview to guide clinical decision making, ensuring that patients receive the most appropriate treatment for their specific condition.

Investigating the Local Effectiveness of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Unresectable Female Genital Tract Melanomas: A Preliminary Real-World Study.

: Primary gynecological melanomas are rare malignancies with lower survival rates compared to cutaneous melanomas. Both preclinical and clinical data support the evidence that mucosal melanomas are photon-radioresistant but responsive to carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT). The aim of this study is to assess, in a real-world cohort, the effectiveness and tolerability of radical CIRT in patients with inoperable gynecological mucosal melanoma.

Addressing Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Respiratory Diseases: The Role of Exercise and Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation.

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are highly prevalent conditions, causing over 4 million deaths every year and representing a major source of physical, psychological, and occupational disability [...

Lower pain, less itching, and faster healing after ultrasound scalpel-assisted hemorrhoidectomy using an intimate cleaner containing chlorhexidine, acid hyaluronic acid, and natural anti-inflammatories: a multicenter observational case-control study.

Purpose: Postoperative pain is a major concern for patients undergoing ultrasound scalpel-assisted hemorrhoidectomy, potentially exacerbated by delayed wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an intimate cleansing gel containing chlorhexidine, hyaluronic acid, and other anti-inflammatory agents (Antroclean Fisioderm) on postoperative pain, itching, and wound healing in patients who had undergone this procedure.

Methods: This multicenter observational case-control study involved a cohort of consecutive adult patients who underwent hemorrhoidectomy using an ultrasound device.

Sexual health in women and sexual-gender-minority patients with cancer: A nationwide survey on healthcare professional awareness and attitude on behalf of MITO and AIRO-gynecology group.

Background: Compared to male patients, sexual health remains poorly studied in women and sexual gender minority (SGM) patients with cancers.

Material And Methods: An online survey was developed by a multidisciplinary team to assess the awareness and attitude of Italian oncological providers facing sexual health during or after cancer treatment. On behalf of the respective scientific committees, the questionnaire was sent to Multicenter Italian Trials in Ovarian cancer and gynecologic malignancies group (MITO) and to Italian Association of Radiation Oncology (AIRO) Group.

Essential Oils from and Their Metabolomic Profiling.

: Essential oils (EOs) have been exploited by humans for centuries, but many sources remain poorly investigated, mainly due to the low yields associated with conventional extraction. Recently, new techniques have been developed, like solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME), able to enhance efficiency and sustainability. The use of L.

Dietary Recommendations for the Management of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients Treated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonist.

GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) have been developed to address the global burden of obesity and are renowned for their safety and efficacy. These medications influence hunger and satiety, reducing energy intake and promoting weight loss. Despite their benefits, GLP-1RAmay cause a slowed gastric emptying, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms.

Simulation-based training in ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia for emergency physicians: insights from an Italian pre/post intervention study.

Background: Despite the importance of Ultrasound-guided Regional Anaesthesia (UGRA) in Emergency Medicine (EM), there is significant variability in UGRA training among emergency physicians. We recently developed a one-day (8 h), simulation-based UGRA course, specifically tailored to help emergency physicians to integrate these skills into their clinical practice.

Methods: In this pre/post intervention study, emergency physicians attended a course consisting of a 4-hour teaching on background knowledge and a practical part structured as follows: a scanning session on a healthy individual; a needling station with an ex-vivo model (turkey thighs); a simulation-based learning experience on local anaesthetic toxicity (LAST); a session on the UGRA simulator BlockSim™.

PEG Precipitation to Detect Macro-TSH in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: Macro-thyroid-stimulating hormone (macro-TSH) is a complex formed by monomeric TSH with anti-TSH antibodies, causing falsely elevated TSH levels and potential misdiagnosis of hypothyroidism. Identification of macro-TSH is essential for proper treatment and patient follow-up. Its diagnostic gold standard is gel filtration chromatography (GFC), which is very expensive, time-consuming, and rarely available.

Cross-cultural translation, validation, and responsiveness of the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale - Italian version (PFS-I) in a mixed-sample of older adults.

Introduction: Older adults experience fatigue which impacts health-related quality of life. The Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale (PFS) was specifically designed to assess perceived physical and mental fatigability in older adults. The aim of this study was to translate the PFS into Italian (PFS-I) and to investigate its psychometric properties.

The effect of benralizumab on inflammation in severe asthma: a real-life analysis.

Background: Benralizumab is a monoclonal antibody treatment for severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA). Few studies investigated its role in airway inflammation and its correlation with lung function.

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to assess its effect after 1 year of treatment, focusing on airway inflammation.

Efficacy of Kinesiotaping on Functional Outcomes, Pain, and Edema in the Early Rehabilitation After Total Knee Arthroplasty Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

: The aim of our study was to verify whether the application of Kinesiotaping in addition to the usual treatment was superior to the usual treatment alone regarding functional outcome, pain, and edema in the first 13 days after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. : The study sample ( = 71) comprised 42.3% men and the mean age was 68.