Relative kinetic expressions defining cleavage synchronicity are better predictors of blastocyst formation and quality than absolute time points.

Purpose: Morphology alone is not enough for the selection of the embryo (s) with the highest implantation potential and time-lapse imaging has added embryo development kinetics as another selection criterion. Therefore, a combination of morphology with kinetics has inspired a new field termed "morphokinetics", providing a new way of evaluating and selecting embryos. The aim of the study was to identify a criterion solely based on morphokinetic data and available up to the 8-cell stage (t8) to predict blastocyst formation and quality.

Successful haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 44 children from healthy siblings conceived after preimplantation HLA matching.

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the best therapeutic option for many acquired and inherited paediatric haematological disorders. Unfortunately, the probability of finding an HLA matched donor is limited. An alternative technique is PGD combined with HLA matching, which offers the possibility of selecting unaffected embryos that are HLA compatible with the sick child, with the aim of possible use of stem cells from the resulting baby in future.

The efficacy of radiographic anatomical measurement methods in predicting success after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for lower pole kidney stones.

Objectives: To assess the impact of lower pole calyceal anatomy on clearace of lower pole stones after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) by means of a new and previously defined radiographic measurement method.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-four patients with solitary radiopaque lower pole kidney stones were enrolled in the study. Infundibulopelvic angle (IPA), infundibulotransverse angle (ITA), infundibular lenght(IL), and infundibular width (IW) were measured on the intravenous urographies which were taken before the procedure.

Calcification of Cryopreserved Arterial Graft Causing Delayed Obstruction of Portal Vein Flow After Liver Transplant.

In patients with biliary atresia, portal vein problems may cause challenges for liver transplant. Interposition grafts have been used for vascular anastomoses in transplant recipients with varied success. A cryopreserved iliac artery graft was used for the reconstruction of the portal vein in a 29-month-old infant with biliary atresia.

Histopathological evaluation of orchiectomy specimens in 51 late postpubertal men with unilateral cryptorchidism.

Purpose: We evaluate the histopathological features of uncorrected undescended testis presenting at a late postpubertal age.

Materials And Methods: The study included 51 men (age 20 to 24 years) diagnosed with inguinal unilateral undescended testis found on routine examination for military recruits. None was evaluated or treated for undescended testis previously.

Simultaneous bilateral lengthening of femora and tibiae in achondroplastic patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the results and complications of simultaneous bilateral femoral and tibial lengthening in achondroplastic patients.

Methods: The study included the 44 femora and 44 tibiae of 22 achondroplastic patients (16 females, 6 males; mean age: 6.36 years, range: 3 to 11 years) that underwent simultaneous lengthening.

Preventive effects of enoxaparin and hesperidin in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.

Background/aims: Acute pancreatitis accounts for almost 250.000 hospital admissions annually in the United States. Most promising treatment approaches are preventive; however, little is known about the early factors initiating acute pancreatitis.

[Evaluation of the long-term effect of percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty on right ventricular function using tissue Doppler imaging in patients with mitral stenosis].

Objectives: We investigated the effects of percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMBV) on right ventricular function in the long term using tissue Doppler imaging.

Study Design: Twenty-seven patients who underwent successful PMBV were enrolled in the study. Echocardiographic examination, including color tissue Doppler imaging, was done from the lateral tricuspid annulus 24 hours before the intervention, and the examination was repeated 24 hours and 6 months after the intervention.

Bubble stream reveals functionality of the right-to-left shunt: detection of a potential source for air embolism.

The existence of a right-to-left shunt may increase the likelihood of micro-embolism by allowing a flux of bubbles under hyperbaric conditions. The aim of the study was to measure the relationship between these shunts and bubbles in 10 consecutive subjects using trans-thoracic and trans-esophageal echocardiography. In video frames, all cardiac chambers were segmented and bubbles were analyzed by our proposed method and two other methods.

Comparison of two doses of recombinant hcg for oocyte maturation in obese women (BMI > or = 30) undergoing assisted reproductive techniques.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of two doses (250 microg vs. 500 microg) of r-hCG for oocyte maturation in obese women with a body mass index (BMI) > or = 30 and undergoing assisted reproduction techniques.

Materials And Methods: A Prospective, randomized, clinical study of seventy two patients undergoing IVF/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles with BMI > or = 30 kg/m2.

A patient presenting with concurrent testis torsion and epididymal leiomyoma.

Leiomyomas are the second most common tumors of epididymis. Patients with leiomyomas are sometimes misdiagnosed with testicular tumors. A Case of a patient with a scrotal mass presenting with testicular torsion is reported.

Management of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis diagnosed by core biopsy: a retrospective multicenter study.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare, benign, chronic inflammatory condition of the breast, which usually mimics breast carcinoma. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features of IGM by identifying a more reliable diagnostic protocol, and evaluating the treatment methods and patient outcomes on follow-up. We performed a retrospective analysis of 46 patients diagnosed with IGM and managed by the same surgical team between 1999 and 2011, at three high-volume hospitals.

Eculizumab for salvage treatment of refractory antibody-mediated rejection in kidney transplant patients: case reports.

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in a group of preoperatively desensitized patients may follow a dreadful course and result in loss of the transplanted kidney. In several cases, conventional therapies including plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin, and anti-CD 20 therapy can resolve AMR successfully. But in some cases the load of immunoglobulins that can activate complement cascade may submerge the routine desensitization therapy and result in the formation of membrane attack complexes.

What has changed in pediatric kidney transplantation in Turkey? Experience of an evolving center.

Introduction: Reluctance to perform kidney transplantations on children is an ongoing problem in Turkey. Moreover, urological pathologies still constitute the largest portion of the underlying etiologies in chronic renal failure patients. Herein, we retrospective analyzed the data acquired from our pediatric renal transplantation patients and reviewed the registry of dialysis and transplantation data prepared by the Turkish Society of Nephrology.

Hepatitis C infection in childhood.

Hepatitis C infection in children has a different course than in adults, with higher rates of spontaneous clearance. Prenatal (vertical) transmission is the most common route of transmission in childhood. Only a high maternal viral load and HIV co-infection have been proven to increase the risk of infection in the offspring.

Seven years of experience of preimplantation HLA typing: a clinical overview of 327 cycles.

Preimplantation human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing allows the birth of healthy children who are potential donors of stem cells for their affected siblings. This technique can be used for acquired diseases such as leukaemia or can be used for single-gene disorders such as thalassaemia. This retrospective study presents clinical data obtained from 171 couples who had undergone 327 preimplantation HLA typing cycles: 262 cycles for HLA typing in combination with mutation analysis and 65 cycles for the sole purpose of HLA typing.

Liver transplantation as a treatment option for three siblings with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

FH is a hereditary inherited disorder of cholesterol metabolism. Homozygous form of the disease associates severe form of atherosclerotic disease. Clinicians have been tried to inhibit the progression of the homozygous FH with medical and surgical treatment.

Outcomes of vitrified-warmed day-4 embryos after day-3 cleavage-stage biopsy.

The objective of this study was to compare the post-warming survival rates of biopsied and non-biopsied day-3 embryos vitrified on day 4 and to evaluate the clinical outcomes of following transfers. This study included 18 preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) patients and 18 non-PGD patients treated between January 2005 and January 2009 who had not achieved live births during their fresh embryo-transfer cycles and whose surplus embryos were cryopreserved on day 4. The embryo survival rate after warming in the PGD and non-PGD groups was similar (53/59, 89.

Liver transplant in a patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objectives: Immunosuppressive treatment generally increases the severity of active infection. Therefore, liver transplant is contraindicated in the presence of active tuberculosis. Despite the importance of supportive treatment, liver transplant is the only treatment for fulminant hepatic failure.

Sperm fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis reveals normal sperm cells for 14;14 homologous male Robertsonian translocation carrier.

Objective: To report the presence of normal sperm cells for chromosome 14 in a homologous 14;14 Robertsonian translocation carrier.

Design: Case report.

Setting: In vitro fertilization clinic and genetics laboratory in a private hospital.

[Coexistence of anomalous sinus node artery originating from the left anterior descending artery and agenesis of the right coronary artery].

Sinus node artery originates from the proximal segment of the right coronary artery, left circumflex artery, or from both. We present a 55-year-old man who underwent coronary angiography for exercise-induced chest pain localized in the epigastric region that resolved within several minutes of resting. He had an anomalous sinus node artery originating from the left anterior descending artery and right coronary artery agenesis.

Establishment and characterization of human embryonic stem cell lines, Turkey perspectives.

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC), which are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocyst stage embryos, are of great importance because of their unpredictable two unique features: their differentiation ability into all types of cells derived from three germ layers and their potentially unlimited capacity of self renewing with stable karyotype. These distinguished properties make hESC very promising cell source for regenerative medicine, tissue replacement therapies, and drug screening studies as well as genomics. However, due to the several technical problems, such as risk of teratoma formation, immune response, and unknown genetic pathways for lineage specific differentiation, and ethical drawbacks of their using in clinical treatments, hESC researches are still waiting to advance beyond to animal trials and drug studies.

Split right coronary artery: a report of two cases.

Split right coronary artery (RCA) is a congenital anomaly of the coronary arteries where either two separate arteries arise from the aortic trunk or RCA bifurcates into two major arteries immediately after its origin from the right sinus of Valsalva. We present two cases (59-year-old male, 50-year-old female) who sought treatment for exercise-induced angina pectoris. Coronary angiography revealed a split RCA in both cases.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for extremes--successful birth after PGD for a consanguineous couple carrying an identical balanced reciprocal translocation.

Objective: To report a healthy birth after preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) performed for a consanguineous couple carrying an identical familial reciprocal translocation in both partners.

Design: Case report.

Setting: In vitro fertilization (IVF) clinic and genetic laboratory in a private hospital.

The efficiency of progesterone vaginal gel versus intramuscular progesterone for luteal phase supplementation in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist cycles: a prospective clinical trial.

We compared the efficiency of progesterone vaginal gel (PVG) with intramuscular progesterone (IMP) supplementation for luteal phase support after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist cycles. The treatment outcomes were similar for PVG and IMP for luteal support in GnRH-antagonist protocols. With its ease of use, high tolerability by patients, and fewer side effects, PVG can be a successful alternative to IMP.