Leflunomide exerts neuroprotective effects in an MPTP‑treated mouse model of Parkinsonism.

Neuroinflammation and the immune response are recognized as significant mechanisms contributing to the progression and pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Consequently, extensive research is being conducted on drugs targeting inflammation and immune response. Leflunomide, known for its anti‑inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, is currently used as a disease‑modifying agent for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Immunotherapy-related secondary hemophagocytosis in a glioblastoma patient: response to cytokine-directed therapy.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by an excessive and uncontrolled activation of the immune system. ICI-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (irHLH) is a rare immune-related adverse event with an incidence of 0.03% to 0.

The role of the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and other maternal biochemical markers in determining the severity of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

Objectives: To investigate the roles of the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and other biochemical markers obtained from maternal blood in determining the diagnosis and severity of pregnancy cholestasis.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, a total of 815 pregnant women including 546 healthy pregnant women [serum total bile acid (TBA) level < 10 μmol/L, control group], 185 patients with mild cholestasis [serum TBA level < 40 μmol/L, mild intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) group] and 84 patients with severe cholestasis (serum TBA level ≥ 40 μmol/L, severe ICP group) were evaluated. The groups were compared regarding demographic data, clinical characteristics, SIRI (neutrophilcount*monocytecount/lymphocyte count), and other laboratory data.

Cystocele and rectocele repair with native tissue layers: definition of the technique.

Objectives: To investigate the outcomes of central cystocele and rectocele repair using natural tissue layers. To describe a novel technique (Dogan technique).

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study.

Phenotypes linked to duplication upstream of SOX9: New insights into presentation and diagnosis.

Context: Duplications occurring upstream of the SOX9 gene have been identified in a limited subset of patients with 46,XX testicular/ovotesticular differences/disorders of sex development (DSD). However, comprehensive understanding regarding their clinical presentation and diagnosis is limited.

Objective: To gain further insight into the diagnosis of a large cohort of 46,XX individuals with duplications upstream of SOX9.

Maternal health experiences on respectful and adequate care of immigrant women: A prospective multicenter study.

Objective: Migration of pregnant women can be challenging. Access to adequate and respectful care may not be possible. We aimed to assess the maternity care that immigrant women receive and their satisfaction with the care they experience.

Nursing approaches in home chemotherapy: A systematic review.

Aim: To systematically explore the existing literature by examining nursing approaches to home chemotherapy treatment.

Background: With the rising number of patients with cancer, home chemotherapy has gained prominence. Nurses play a crucial role in this process and bear significant responsibilities.

The effect of apathy on quality of life and caregiver burden in patients with dementia.

Introduction: Apathy is one of the common neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with dementia (PwD). The aim of this study is to determine the impact of apathy on the patient's quality of life (QoL) and caregiver's burden among PwD.

Methods: Sample of this cross-sectional descriptive study consisted of 88 PwD attending the outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Istanbul and their family caregivers.

Assessing the industry 4.0 strategies for a steel supply chain: SWOT, game theory, and gap analysis.

The recent adoption of modern technologies has led to the fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 (I4.0).

Distal Femoral Dimensions in Turkish Population and Their Implications in Knee Prosthesis.

Background: Total knee prosthesis is a frequently used material in surgery. Distal femur measurements must be taken into account to use the correct prosthesis. The aim of this study is to guide the development of a knee prosthesis suitable for distal femur dimensions in the Turkish population.

Assessment of uterine caruncles, uterine cervix, and vulva during the postpartum period in Kivircik ewes with shear-wave elastography.

Introduction: This study aims to quantify the shear wave speed (SWS) and stiffness of the uterine cervix (close to the internal cervical ostium (IOC) which is the cranial portion of cervix and close to the external cervical ostium (EOC) which is the caudal portion of cervix), caruncular areas, and vulvar labia during the postpartum period in healthy Kivircik ewes by using shear-wave elastography. Power Doppler ultrasonography was performed to evaluate the color pixel percentage (CPP) of the caruncles.

Methods: The study included 13 healthy pregnant Kivircik ewes, which were randomly selected.

The association between transformational leadership and teachers' creativity: professional resilience and job satisfaction as mediators.

This study investigated the associations between transformational leadership, teachers' job satisfaction, professional resilience, and creativity. The sample included 417 teachers of public and private schools in Istanbul. The data collection tools were "Transformational Leadership Scale", "Teachers' Professional Resilience Scale", "Job Satisfaction Scale", and "Organizational Creativity Scale".

Innovative applications of MXenes in dialysis: enhancing filtration efficiency.

MXenes, a family of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, exhibit exceptional properties such as high electrical conductivity, large surface area, and chemical versatility, making them ideal candidates for various dialysis applications. One prominent application of MXenes lies in the efficient removal of toxic metals and harmful dyes from wastewater. Their unique structure allows for rapid adsorption and selective separation, significantly improving purification processes.

A study protocol to develop virtual reality software in the care management of patients in intensive care.

Background: The use of virtual reality is increasing in nursing to ensure patient safety and to improve the quality of care in the education of nurses.

Aim: To develop a virtual reality software for intensive care patient care management and to investigate the effect of this software on novice intensive care nurses.

Study Design: This study protocol contains a randomized controlled experimental design research.

Characterization of liver, adipose, and fecal microbiome in obese patients with MASLD: links with disease severity and metabolic dysfunction parameters.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses a range of histological findings from the generally benign simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (MASH) which can progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Several factors, including the microbiome, may contribute to disease progression.

Results: Here, we demonstrate links between the presence and abundance of specific bacteria in the adipose and liver tissues, inflammatory genes, immune cell responses, and disease severity.

A mixed-method study on physicians' perceptions of pay for performance: impact on professionalism, morality and work-life balance.

Background: Pay-for-performance system (P4P) has been in operation in the Turkish healthcare sector since 2004. While the government defended that it encouraged healthcare professionals' job motivation, and improved patient satisfaction by increasing efficiency and service quality, healthcare professionals have emphasized the system's negative effects on working conditions, physicians' trustworthiness, and cost-quality outcomes. In this study, we investigated physicians' accounts of current working conditions, their status as a moral agent, and their professional attitudes in the context of P4P's perceived effects on their professional, social, private, and future lives.

Nanocarrier imaging at single-cell resolution across entire mouse bodies with deep learning.

Efficient and accurate nanocarrier development for targeted drug delivery is hindered by a lack of methods to analyze its cell-level biodistribution across whole organisms. Here we present Single Cell Precision Nanocarrier Identification (SCP-Nano), an integrated experimental and deep learning pipeline to comprehensively quantify the targeting of nanocarriers throughout the whole mouse body at single-cell resolution. SCP-Nano reveals the tissue distribution patterns of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) after different injection routes at doses as low as 0.

Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain, Anxiety, and Vital Signs in Endoscopy.

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of relaxation exercise with VR (Virtual Reality) glasses on pain severity, anxiety level, and vital signs in patients undergoing endoscopy.

Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study including a control group with a pretest/post-test applied. This study was conducted with a total of 100 patients, including 50 patients in the intervention and 50 patients in the control group.

Immobilization and characterization of β-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae in PVA-CMC hydrogel.

Creating new formulations of immobilized enzymes has been a major focus of modern biotechnology. In this study, the industrially significant β-galactosidase was immobilized by being trapped in a polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA-CMC) gel. The immobilized enzyme was optimized and characterized, and the results were compared with those obtained using free enzymes.

Evaluation of ixabepilone efficacy and tolerability in metastatic breast cancer.

Although microtubule inhibitors are generally used in advanced stages, they provide the opportunity to prolong survival as an alternative when medical oncologists have difficulty finding options in their patients, who typically have a poor prognosis and most of whom are unresponsive to treatment. For this reason, we wanted to investigate the effect of ixabepilone treatment on survival in earlier metastatic lines. Our study also examined the frequency of side effects and survival differences in patients whose dose was reduced or whose treatment was discontinued.

The Topographic Map of the Midfoot: Implication for Improving Safety of Dorsal Approach of Midfoot Surgeries.

Purpose: The surgical approach for midfoot injuries classically requires dual dorsal incision and identification of the neurovascular structures that are susceptible to injury during the surgery. The aim of this study was to map the topographic anatomy of the dorsum of the foot along with tarsal joints for the dorsal approach of midfoot surgery that would facilitate the surgery and minimize the risk of neurovascular injuries for surgeons who specially focus on foot and ankle injuries.

Methods: The dorsum of the foot was evaluated in 12 feet injected with latex containing a red colorant to visualize the arterial vessels.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for World Health Organization Grade 2 and 3 Oligodendroglioma: An International Multicenter Study.

Background And Objectives: Oligodendrogliomas are primary brain tumors classified as isocitrate deshydrogenase-mutant and 1p19q codeleted in the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of central nervous system tumors. Surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are well-established management options for these tumors. Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for oligodendroglioma.

A physiotherapeutic approach to a baby with right disgenesis of thumb and left agenesis of upper extremity: A case report.

A boy with bilateral congenital anomalies of the upper extremities with transverse absence of the left arm (agenesis) and absence of right thumb (disgenesis), fixed elbow in extension due to humeroradial synostosis thought that the humerus was intact. His wrist could move passively with 50° flexion, 0° extension, and 70° radial deviation. The other 4 fingers were intact, 4-5 metatarsal bones were in synostosis, and the fifth finger was clinodactyly.

Double kissing crush versus culotte for bifurcation percutaneous coronary interventions: insights from the PROGRESS-BIFURCATION registry.

Background: Upfront 2-stent techniques are often used in bifurcation percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), but there is controversy about optimal strategy selection.

Methods: The authors examined the clinical and angiographic characteristics and long-term outcomes of 232 bifurcation PCIs that were performed using the double kissing (DK) crush or culotte technique in 216 patients between 2014 and 2023 using data from the Prospective Global Registry for the Study of Bifurcation Lesion Interventions (NCT05100992). The inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess long-term outcomes.