More Than a Sense: The Sense of Smell and Its Reflection in Mother and Baby: A Comprehensive Review.

Introduction: The sense of smell is one of the most developed and important senses that forms the bond between the newborn and the mother and allows the newborn to reach the mother's breast. The sense of smell begins to form during intrauterine life, and the sense of smell can be a marking tool for a newborn baby, so that the baby can recognize both his mother and his immediate environment and develop his behaviour accordingly. This is necessary not only for feeding babies but also for them to feel safe and peaceful in their new environment.

Assessment of dyslipidemia management in Turkey using a Delphi panel.

This study evaluated the management of dyslipidemia in Turkey with the goal of understanding current diagnosis and treatment patterns, as well as identifying unmet needs in achieving effective low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets. Using a Delphi panel consisting of nine expert cardiologists, the study reveals key gaps in dyslipidemia management, particularly in the underutilization of combination therapies, such as statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, which are crucial for achieving LDL-C targets in high-risk patients. The findings indicate that while many patients with very high cardiovascular risk are diagnosed, a significant proportion do not receive optimal treatment to reach LDL-C levels recommended by European guidelines.

A secure and efficient blockchain enabled federated Q-learning model for vehicular Ad-hoc networks.

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are growing into more desirable targets for malicious individuals due to the quick rise in the number of automated vehicles around the roadside. Secure data transfer is necessary for VANETs to preserve the integrity of the entire network. Federated learning (FL) is often suggested as a safe technique for exchanging data among VANETs, however, its capacity to protect private information is constrained.

Deciphering a profiling based on multiple post-translational modifications functionally associated regulatory patterns and therapeutic opportunities in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play critical roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the locations of PTM-modified sites across protein secondary structures and regulatory patterns in HCC remain largely uncharacterized.

Methods: Total proteome and nine PTMs (phosphorylation, acetylation, crotonylation, ubiquitination, lactylation, N-glycosylation, succinylation, malonylation, and β-hydroxybutyrylation) in tumor sections and paired normal adjacent tissues derived from 18 HCC patients were systematically profiled by 4D-Label free proteomics analysis combined with PTM-based peptide enrichment.

Is isocaloric intermittent fasting superior to calorie restriction? A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.

Background And Aim: Intermittent fasting (IF) has been demonstrated to enhance human health through several mechanisms. However, it is still unclear whether those health benefits are independent of caloric restriction (CR)-induced weight loss. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare isocaloric IF and CR regarding anthropometric measurements, adherence, metabolic profile, inflammatory biomarkers, and adipokines in adults and elderlies.

Adaptation of virtual surgical planning to midface reconstruction with intraoperative navigation: "navigation mediated midface reconstruction".

Objective: The production of 3-dimensional models and materials according to preoperative virtual surgical planning is a time-consuming process and causes high costs. We aimed to demonstrate the navigation mediated reconstruction of the patients who underwent the removal of a tumoral mass in midfacial region according to their preoperatively prepared surgical plannings.

Study Design: Patients who underwent the removal of tumoral mass and reconstruction in their midfacial region were included in the study.

Electromagnetic Radiation and Biophoton Emission in Neuronal Communication and Neurodegenerative Diseases.

The intersection of electromagnetic radiation and neuronal communication, focusing on the potential role of biophoton emission in brain function and neurodegenerative diseases is an emerging research area. Traditionally, it is believed that neurons encode and communicate information via electrochemical impulses, generating electromagnetic fields detectable by EEG and MEG. Recent discoveries indicate that neurons may also emit biophotons, suggesting an additional communication channel alongside the regular synaptic interactions.

[F]FDG PET/CT Beyond Staging: Prognostic Significance of Sarcopenia and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Esophageal Carcinoma.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PET and CT parameters and sarcopenia, adipose tissue, and tumor metabolism in esophageal carcinoma(EC) and its impact on survival in EC.

Method: Our study included 122 EC patients who underwent PET/CT for staging. Muscle and adipose tissue characteristics were evaluated, including lumbar(L3) and cervical(C3) muscle areas, psoas major(PM) and sternocleidomastoid muscle(SCM) parameters, and PET parameters for visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT).

The HR antagonist, JNJ-7777120 treatments ameliorate mild traumatic brain injury by reducing oxidative damage, inflammatory and apoptotic responses through blockage of the ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway in a rat model.

Growing evidence reveals that microglia activation and neuroinflammatory responses trigger cell loss in the brain. Histamine is a critical neurotransmitter and promotes inflammatory responses; thus, the histaminergic system is a potential target for treating neurodegenerative processes. JNJ-7777120, a histamine H4 receptor (HR) antagonist, has been shown to alleviate inflammation, brain damage, and behavioral deficits effectively, but there is no report on its role in brain trauma.

Anionic polysaccharides as delivery carriers for cancer therapy and theranostics: An overview of significance.

Recently, cancer therapy has witnessed remarkable advancements with a growing focus on precision medicine and targeted drug delivery strategies. The application of anionic polysaccharides has gained traction in various drug delivery systems. Anionic polysaccharides have emerged as promising delivery carriers in cancer therapy and theranostics, offering numerous advantages such as biocompatibility, low toxicity, and the ability to encapsulate and deliver therapeutic agents to tumor sites with high specificity.

Dynamic analysis of fractal-fractional cancer model under chemotherapy drug with generalized Mittag-Leffler kernel.

Background And Objective: Cancer's complex and multifaceted nature makes it challenging to identify unique molecular and pathophysiological signatures, thereby hindering the development of effective therapies. This paper presents a novel fractal-fractional cancer model to study the complex interplay among stem cells, effectors cells, and tumor cells in the presence and absence of chemotherapy. The cancer model with effective treatment through chemotherapy drugs is considered and discussed in detail.

Ossification patterns of the C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis) vertebrae children.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to assess ossification patterns and synchondrosis fusion timelines of the C1 and C2 vertebrae in pediatric age group, to help differentiate injuries from normal variations and serve as a guide when evaluating incompletely fused synchondrosis.

Materials And Methods: The study analyzed 432 CT examinations of children aged 0-72 months, conducted at a single institution between January 2010 and January 2018. The focus was assessment of the visibility and fusion of the three ossification centers and three synchondroses of the atlas, and six ossification centers and four synchondroses of the axis, based on age.

Effectiveness of the combined therapy in the treatment of chronic non-healing wounds in patients with autoimmune diseases.

Objective: Autoimmune diseases are systemic conditions that can have negative effects on wound healing. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of combining bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), acellular dermal matrix (ADM), split-thickness skin graft (STSG), and negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for treating patients with autoimmune diseases and chronic non-healing wounds.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with autoimmune diseases and non-healing chronic wounds of the lower extremities between 2012 and 2023 were included in the study.

Synthesis and molecular docking analysis of novel hydrazone and thiosemicarbazide derivatives incorporating a pyrimidine ring: exploring neuroprotective activity.

The increasing global prevalence of Alzheimer's disease necessitates the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with increased oxidative stress and levels of cholinesterase enzymes. Hence, the development of cholinesterase inhibitors and antioxidants may provide neuroprotective effects.

Depression and psychological help-seeking attitude among Turkish mothers of children with autism: problem-focused coping as a mediator.

Studies demonstrate that mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience depression and are less likely to seek professional psychological help. This study examined the roles of coping strategies in predicting psychological help-seeking attitudes among mothers of children with ASD. A total of 250 Turkish mothers of children with autism were recruited using purposive sampling during their training at the autism center in Istanbul.

Analyzing the mother and father's parenthood behaviors in the early postpartum period.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the parenting behaviors of mothers and fathers during the postpartum period.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 married individuals who had healthy babies between February 2019-September 2020 at a hospital. This study used introductory information forms for parents, "Postpartum Parenting Behavior Scale (PPBS)" and "Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS)".

Variant Spectrum of Renal Ciliopathies in Turkish Cohort and Genotype-Phenotype Association Specifically in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Renal ciliopathies are a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by cystic and dysplastic kidneys. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between genetic changes that cause renal ciliopathies and phenotypic outcomes. The study group consisted of 137 patients diagnosed with renal ciliopathy disease.

The influence of obesogenic environments on diet self-efficacy and physical activity among healthcare workers: a multicenter study.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the level of dietary self-efficacy, physical activity and obesogenic environment in several districts of Istanbul and to examine the relationship between them.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was administered to primary health care workers working in three different districts of Istanbul. Sociodemographic questions, Dieting Self-Efficiency Scale (DSES), The Assessment of the Obesogenic Environment Scale (AOES), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used in the survey.

Modeling and analysis of dengue transmission in fuzzy-fractional framework: a hybrid residual power series approach.

The current manuscript presents a mathematical model of dengue fever transmission with an asymptomatic compartment to capture infection dynamics in the presence of uncertainty. The model is fuzzified using triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs) approach. The obtained fuzzy-fractional dengue model is then solved and analyzed through fuzzy extension of modified residual power series algorithm, which utilizes residual power series along with Laplace transform.

Resected gastric volume/number of staplers fired ratio as a tool in predicting complication and midterm results in sleeve gastrectomy.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a restrictive surgery that aims to decrease the gastric volume of the patient. This study hypothesized that a higher resected gastric volume to the number of fired staplers ratio is associated with improved postoperative 12th-month outcomes. To analyze the effects of resected gastric volume to the number of fired staplers ratio on postoperative results in patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy.

Comparative analysis of oral iron therapy regimens in premenopausal women with iron deficiency anemia.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is prevalent among women of reproductive age. Treatment aims to replenish iron stores and normalize hemoglobin levels, with oral iron therapy being the preferred route in most cases. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and side effects of three common oral treatment regimens in premenopausal women with IDA.

Slx5/Slx8 SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase deficiency shortens lifespan due to increased mutation accumulation in yeast.

Chronological lifespan (CLS) in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is defined as the time nondividing cells in saturation remain viable, has been utilized as a model to study post-mitotic aging in mammalian cells. CLS is closely related to entry into and maintenance of a quiescent state. Many rearrangements that direct the quiescent state enhance the ability of cells to endure several types of stress.

Organoids, tissue slices and organotypic cultures: advancing our understanding of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through in vitro and ex vivo models.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst prognoses of all common solid cancers. For the large majority of PDAC patients, only systemic therapies with very limited efficacy are indicated. In addition, immunotherapies have not brought the advances seen in other cancer types.