Clinical approach to patients admitted to the emergency room due to acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic and percutaneous cholecystostomy experience.

Background: Acute cholecystitis (AC), a common complication of gallstones, is responsible for a significant part of emergency applications, and cholecystectomy is the only definitive treatment method for AC. Early cholecystectomy has many reported advantages. Operation-related morbidity and mortality have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Refractive and visual outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in eyes with thin corneas.

Objectives: To report the refractive and visual outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with the thinnest corneal thickness (CCT) of less than 500 µm and evaluate it in terms of safety and efficacy.

Setting: Refractive Surgery Clinic of University of Health Sciences Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Black cohosh associated mania in a patient with unipolar depression.

Black cohosh () a popular complementary medicine, is commonly prescribed as an alternative drug to hormone replacement therapy for the treatment of menopause symptoms and menstrual pain. Studies on the black cohosh's psychological effects are generally focused on the perimenopausal depression and anxiety; and, its effects have been considered to be affiliated with its serotonergic and dopaminergic activities. We report a patient presenting with acute onset mania associated with black cohosh use, probably due to its psychopharmacological activities on serotonergic and dopaminergic receptors.

Increased epicardial adipose tissue thickness is associated with microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.

Objective: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a cardiometabolic risk factor, and its possible relationship with hypertension has been previously reported. Microalbuminuria (MA) is associated with target-organ damage, especially in patients with hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and suggest endothelial dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between echocardiographic EAT thickness and presence of MA in patients with hypertension.

Fallopian tube herniation from trocar-site after laparoscopic appendectomy.

Trocar site hernias are a type of incisional hernias and may occur within a variable time shift after surgery. A mean incidence of 1.85% was reported, and the first trocar site hernia was narrated by Maio et al.

Comparison of Two Different Methods of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy and Histopathology for Thyroid Nodules.

Objective:  Two different methods for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of thyroid nodules (multi-pass conventional smear, MPCS; single-pass liquid-based cytology, SPLBC) were evaluated regarding the magnitude of nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory sampling ratio, and basic demographic and ultrasonographic (USG) factors to predict such outcome.

Methods:  One thousand FNAB patients were retrospectively assessed. Of them, 517 nodules were evaluated with the conventional smear method, and the rest were evaluated with liquid-based cytology method using the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology.

The relationship between myocardial fibrosis detected by cardiac magnetic resonance and Tp-e interval, 5-year sudden cardiac death risk score in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between QT (QTc) interval, Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QTc ratio, 5-year sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk score, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) detected by CMR in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients.

Method: A total of 74 consecutive patients who underwent CMR with HCM diagnosis were included in the study. These patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of LGE on CMR.

Strangulated inguinal hernia accompanied by paratesticular leiomyosarcoma.

Sarcomas that arise from the spermatic cord constitute 2.1% of soft tissue sarcomas and are observed at a rate of 1% to 2% in the genitourinary system. A 74-year-old patient presented at the emergency department with complaints of groin pain and swelling persisting for 3 days.

The antibacterial effect of peritoneal fluid in experimental peritonitis.

Background: In our study, the effects of peritoneal fluid on some Gram-negative and Candida albicans in experimental peritonitis rats were studied. The primary objective of the present study was to understand the effect of peritoneal fluid on microorganisms causing intra-abdominal infections.

Methods: Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 250 and 300 g were used in the study.

Anatomic structure of the internal iliac artery and its educative dissection for peripartum and pelvic hemorrhage.

The abdominal aorta is divided into two parts (right and left) at the level of the fourth-fifth lumbar vertebra and called the common iliac artery. Anterior to the sacroiliac joint, common iliac arteries are divided into external and internal iliac arteries. The external iliac artery supplies the lower limb, and the internal iliac artery is the major vascular supply of the pelvis.

A case with CMTX1 disease showing transient ischemic-attack-like episodes.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is a hereditary neurologic disease which affects the sensorial and motor fibers of the peripheral nerves. CMTX1 is an X-linked dominantly inherited subtype of CMT and is caused by mutations in gap junction beta 1 gene (GJB1). A small proportion of GJB1 mutations are associated with recurrent central nervous system findings.

Relation of stem cell markers ALDH1 and CD44 with clinicopathological factors in urothelial carcinomas of urinary bladder.

Molecular studies are ongoing in regards to superficial urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) either to define targeted therapy or to better select aggressive therapy candidates and also to delineate the outcome of the disease. In this study, we aimed to present the impact of ALDH1 and CD44 as stem cell markers in tumorigenesis and their prognostic value in urothelial carcinoma. We investigated ALDH1 and CD44 immunohistochemically in paraffin-embedded material of 125 non-muscle-invasive (NMI) cases in 163 UCB patients.