On the Capacity of the Peak-Limited and Band-Limited Channel.

We investigate the peak-power limited (PPL) Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channels in which the signal is band-limited, and its instantaneous power cannot exceed the power . This model is relevant to many communication systems; however, its capacity is still unknown. We use a new geometry-based approach which evaluates the maximal entropy of the transmitted signal by assessing the volume of the body, in the space of Nyquist-rate samples, comprising all the points the transmitted signal can reach.

Steroids and Malignancy Increase Local Heparanase and Decrease Markers of Osteoblast Activity in Bone Tissue Microcirculation.

Bone metastasis and steroids are known to activate the coagulation system and induce osteoporosis, pathological bone fractures, and bone pain. Heparanase is a protein known to enhance the hemostatic system and to promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and inflammation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of steroids and malignancy on the coagulation factors and osteoblast activity in the bone tissue.

Mid-infrared spectroscopy as a real-time diagnostic tool for chronic endometritis: A preliminary study.

Research Question: Can attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with machine learning techniques be used to develop a real-time diagnostic modality for chronic endometritis by analysing endometrial biopsies obtained during hysteroscopy?

Design: Women undergoing hysteroscopy for infertility assessment were enrolled in this prospective study from January 2020 to March 2021. Endometrial biopsies were evaluated using a spectrophotometer, and subsequently via histopathology, including immunohistochemical staining for the multiple myeloma oncogene-1 (MUM-1). Spectroscopy analyses of the positive and the negative chronic endometritis groups were compared across various cut-offs of MUM-1 positive cells per 10 high-power fields (HPF).

Collective dynamical regimes predict invasion success and impacts in microbial communities.

The outcomes of ecological invasions may depend on either characteristics of the invading species or attributes of the resident community. Here we use a combination of experiments and theory to show that the interplay between dynamics, interaction strength and diversity determine the invasion outcome in microbial communities. We find that the communities with fluctuating species abundances are more invasible and diverse than stable communities, leading to a positive diversity-invasibility relationship among communities assembled in the same environment.

Critical evaluation of extracellular polymeric substances extraction methods: Extraction efficiency, molecular characteristics, and heavy metals binding properties.

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) significantly influence the properties and performance of waste activated sludge. Various pretreatment protocols with different extraction efficiency and characteristics of EPS have been reported, which markedly impact subsequent treatment and disposal of sewage sludge. This study systematically assesses the EPS properties from twelve extraction pretreatment methods.

Regulation of physiological and pathological condensates by molecular chaperones.

Biomolecular condensates are dynamic membraneless compartments that regulate a myriad of cellular functions. A particular type of physiological condensate called stress granules (SGs) has gained increasing interest due to its role in the cellular stress response and various diseases. SGs, composed of several hundred RNA-binding proteins, form transiently in response to stress to protect mRNAs from translation and disassemble when the stress subsides.

Bedouin fathers of children with developmental disabilities-Stress, stigma and collaboration with professionals.

Background: Research has not fully elucidated the challenges experienced by the caregivers of children with developmental disabilities (DDs) in different sociocultural contexts. Studies on parents, especially fathers, of children with DDs in the Middle East are especially rare. Similarly, the subject of collaboration between Bedouin fathers and professionals has seen little research.

Adaptive loss of tRNA gene expression leads to phage resistance in a marine Synechococcus cyanobacterium.

Synechococcus is a significant primary producer in the oceans, coexisting with cyanophages, which are important agents of mortality. Bacterial resistance against phage infection is a topic of significant interest, yet little is known for ecologically relevant systems. Here we use exogenous gene expression and gene disruption to investigate mechanisms underlying intracellular resistance of marine Synechococcus WH5701 to the Syn9 cyanophage.

A unified model for droplet receding contact angles on hydrophobic pillar, pore, and hollowed pillar arrays.

Hypothesis: Current models for receding contact angles of Cassie-Baxter state droplets on textured hydrophobic substrates are applicable only to a specific structural type, e.g., pillar (above which a droplet has isolated contact line and continuous liquid-vapor interface) or pore (continuous contact line and isolated liquid-vapor interface), signifying a lack of universality.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Photonic Quantum State Tomography Using Free Electrons.

The tomography of photonic quantum states is key in quantum optics, impacting quantum sensing, computing, and communication. Conventional detectors are limited in their temporal and spatial resolution, hampering high-rate quantum communication and local addressing of photonic circuits. Here, we propose to utilize free electron-photon interactions for quantum state tomography, introducing electron homodyne detection with potential for femtosecond-temporal and nanometer-spatial resolutions.

Development of a reference standard to assign bacterial versus viral infection etiology using an all-inclusive methodology for comparison of novel diagnostic tool performance.

Background: Diagnostic test evaluation requires a reference standard. We describe an approach for creating a reference standard for acute infection using unrestricted adjudication and apply it to compare biomarker tools.

Methods: Adults and children with suspected acute infection enrolled in three prospective studies at emergency departments and urgent cares were included.

Generating Strong Metal-Support Interaction and Oxygen Vacancies in Cu/MgAlO Catalysts by CO Treatment for Enhanced CO Hydrogenation to Methanol.

Strong metal-support interactions (SMSIs) are essential for optimizing the performance of supported metal catalysts by tuning the metal-oxide interface structures. This study explores the hydrogenation of CO to methanol over Cu-supported catalysts, focusing on the synergistic effects of strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) and oxygen vacancies introduced by the CO treatment to the catalysts on the catalytic performance. Cu nanoparticles were immobilized on Mg-Al layered double oxide (LDO) supports and modified with nitrate ions to promote oxygen vacancy generation.

The impact of uterine position on conception modes and perinatal outcomes in nulliparous patients.

Purpose: Retroverted uterus affects 15-20% of patients. While typically not a cause for concern, some studies suggest a relationship between a retroverted uterus and subfertility. Study objective was to investigate the association between uterine position and spontaneous conception rates, as well as potential risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes in nulliparous patients.

Bilateral internal superior laryngeal nerve injections for unexplained chronic cough.

Objective: Internal Superior laryngeal nerve (iSLN) injections with steroids and anesthetic for Unexplained Chronic Cough (UCC) was initially described as a unilateral injection. This study reports the safety profile and patient-reported outcomes of concurrent bilateral iSLN injections for UCC.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Stochastic morphological swings in regeneration: A manifestation of noisy canalized morphogenesis.

Animal morphogenesis, the development of an organism's body form, is commonly perceived as a directed and almost deterministic process. However, noise and stochastic fluctuations are ubiquitous in biological systems. The questions on the role of fluctuations in morphogenesis and what ensures the robustness of this process under noisy conditions remain elusive.

Density functional study of physisorption of H molecules on scandium and yttrium decorated C fullerene: prospect for hydrogen storage.

Context: Hydrogen storage in porous nanostructured compounds have recently attracted a lot of attention due to the fact that the underlying adsorption mechanism and thermodynamics provide suitable platform for room temperature adsorption and desorption of H molecules. This work reports the findings of a study on the reversible hydrogen storage capacities of Sc and Y decorated C fullerene, conducted using dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The transition metal (TM) atoms, such as Sc and Y, are identified to attach to the C-C bridge position of the C fullerene through non-covalent closed-shell interactions.

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polyaryl-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) Spinal Fixation System: Technical Features and Preliminary Clinical Trial.

Objective: To present the clinical result of spinal fixation system made entirely of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced (CFR)-Hybrid Polyaryl-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK).

Summary Of Background Data: Fusion surgery has been used to treat chronic low back pain caused by degenerative disk disease (DDD). The traditional pedicle screw system made of titanium, though biocompatible, can lead to complications, such as stress shielding and implant failure.

Digital planning and decision making for severe congenital oligodontia with Angle class-III malocclusion.

As maxillofacial surgery becomes increasingly digitized and the transformative impact of pre-surgical scanning and computer simulation is recognized, this clinical paper presents an algorithm for the selection of interventions in severe congenital oligodontia with Angle class-III malocclusion (OCIII) utilizing such technologies. A complex, multifactorial condition with varying degrees of craniofacial involvement, OCIII is associated with edentulous facial appearance, mandibular prognathism and deep underbite, as well as malocclusion. Our methodology involves the integration of CBCT imaging, intra- and extra- oral scanning, and 3D planning with the assessment of bone volume, number of missing teeth, skeletal discrepancies, and patient compliance in the selection of suitable treatments.

A review on the recovery of humic substances from anaerobic digestate of sludge as a potential fertilizer: Quantification, efficiency and interaction with pollutants.

This study reviewed the recovery of humic substances (HS) from anaerobic digestate of sludge as a potential fertilizer, focusing on the quantification of HS, the efficiency of HS recovery, and its interaction with pollutants. The potential pitfalls of current misunderstanding for HS quantification in sludge were pointed out. HS present in sludge showed potential to be used as a fertilizer, which solubilized insoluble phosphates for enhanced soil fertility.