Using artificial intelligence to evaluate adherence to best practices in one anastomosis gastric bypass: first steps in a real-world setting.

Background: Safety in one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is judged by outcomes, but it seems reasonable to utilize best practices for safety, whose performance can be evaluated and therefore improved. We aimed to test an artificial intelligence-based model in real world for the evaluation of adherence to best practices in OAGB.Please check and confirm that the authors and their respective affiliations have been correctly identified and amend if necessary.

Phenome-wide associations of sleep characteristics in the Human Phenotype Project.

Sleep tests commonly diagnose sleep disorders, but the diverse sleep-related biomarkers recorded by such tests can also provide broader health insights. In this study, we leveraged the uniquely comprehensive data from the Human Phenotype Project cohort, which includes 448 sleep characteristics collected from 16,812 nights of home sleep apnea test monitoring in 6,366 adults (3,043 male and 3,323 female participants), to study associations between sleep traits and body characteristics across 16 body systems. In this analysis, which identified thousands of significant associations, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was the body characteristic that was most strongly correlated with the peripheral apnea-hypopnea index, as adjusted by sex, age and body mass index (BMI).

Cultural and personal values interact to predict divorce.

We investigate the role of values in motivating the dissolution of marriage. Drawing on comprehensive value frameworks, we study how cultural values explain cross-national variation in divorce, how personal values explain further variation within nations, and how the two value systems interact together. In three archival studies, including more than 100,000 participants from over 55 countries, we study attitudes toward divorce as well as actual divorce.

The UnconTrust Database for Studies of Unconscious Semantic Processing and Attentional Allocation.

The question of what processes can take place without conscious awareness has generated extensive research. Yet there is still no consensus regarding the extent and scope of unconscious processing, and past research abounds with conflicting results. A possible reason for this lack of consensus is the diversity of methods in the field, as the methodological choices might influence the results.

A compendium of Amplification-Related Gain Of Sensitivity genes in human cancer.

While the effect of amplification-induced oncogene expression in cancer is known, the impact of copy-number gains on "bystander" genes is less understood. We create a comprehensive map of dosage compensation in cancer by integrating expression and copy number profiles from over 8000 tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and cell lines from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. Additionally, we analyze 17 cancer open reading frame screens to identify genes toxic to cancer cells when overexpressed.

Penicillin allergy as an instrumental variable for estimating antibiotic effects on resistance.

Antibiotic resistance is influenced by prior antibiotic use, but precise causal estimates are limited. This study uses penicillin allergy as an instrumental variable (IV) to estimate the causal effect of antibiotics on resistance. A retrospective cohort of 36,351 individuals with E.

Obstacles in quantifying A-to-I RNA editing by Sanger sequencing.

Adenosine-to-Inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is the most prevalent type of RNA editing, in which adenosine within a completely or largely double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is converted to inosine by deamination. RNA editing was shown to be involved in many neurological diseases and cancer; therefore, detection of A-to-I RNA editing and quantitation of editing levels are necessary for both basic and clinical biomedical research. While high-throughput sequencing (HTS) is widely used for global detection of editing events, Sanger sequencing is the method of choice for precise characterization of editing site clusters (hyper-editing) and for comparing levels of editing at a particular site under different environmental conditions, developmental stages, genetic backgrounds, or disease states.

Bioinformatic approaches for accurate assessment of A-to-I editing in complete transcriptomes.

A-to-I RNA editing is an RNA modification that alters the RNA sequence relative to the its genomic blueprint. It is catalyzed by double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR) enzymes, and contributes to the complexity and diversification of the proteome. Advancement in the study of A-to-I RNA editing has been facilitated by computational approaches for accurate mapping and quantification of A-to-I RNA editing based on sequencing data.

Leveraging Saccharomyces cerevisiae for ADAR research: From high-yield purification to high-throughput screening and therapeutic applications.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a model eukaryotic organism with a rich history in research and industry, has become a pivotal tool for studying Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes despite lacking these enzymes endogenously. This chapter reviews the diverse methodologies harnessed using yeast to elucidate ADAR structure and function, emphasizing its role in advancing our understanding of RNA editing. Initially, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was instrumental in the high-yield purification of ADARs, addressing challenges associated with enzyme stability and activity in other systems.

Rethinking retinoic acid self-regulation: A signaling robustness network approach.

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) signaling is a major pathway regulating numerous differentiation, proliferation, and patterning processes throughout life. ATRA biosynthesis depends on the nutritional availability of vitamin A and other retinoids and carotenoids, while it is sensitive to dietary and environmental toxicants. This nutritional and environmental influence requires a robustness response that constantly fine-tunes the ATRA metabolism to maintain a context-specific, physiological range of signaling levels.

Risk factors for pancreatic cancer in individuals with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and no high-risk stigmata during up to 5 years of surveillance: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Cyst size, its growth rate, and diameter of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) are all associated with pancreatic carcinoma prevalence in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs).

Objective: To examine the above factors in relation to future risk of incident pancreatic carcinoma in individuals with IPMNs harbouring no high-risk stigmata.

Design: In a prospective longitudinal cohort, we analysed 2549 patients with IPMNs.

The effect of the timing of endoscopic detorsion on clinical outcomes in patients with sigmoid volvulus.

Background And Aims: Guidelines recommend endoscopic detorsion in cases of sigmoid volvulus without ischemia or perforation, but the timing in which this should be performed is unclear.

Methods: Admissions for sigmoid volvulus in which endoscopic detorsion was performed between 1/2010-4/2024 were retrospectively reviewed. The timing was calculated as the time between when the confirmatory radiologic exam and endoscopic detorsion were performed.

Lerodalcibep and evolocumab for the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia with PCSK9 inhibition (LIBerate-HoFH): a phase 3, randomised, open-label, crossover, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Lerodalcibep, a small binding anti-PCSK9 protein (adnectin), showed effective LDL cholesterol reduction in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of lerodalcibep and evolocumab in a globally diverse homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia population.

Methods: This phase 3, randomised, open-label, crossover, non-inferiority study consisted of two 24-week treatment periods separated by an 8-week washout.

TractGraphFormer: Anatomically informed hybrid graph CNN-transformer network for interpretable sex and age prediction from diffusion MRI tractography.

The relationship between brain connections and non-imaging phenotypes is increasingly studied using deep neural networks. However, the local and global properties of the brain's white matter networks are often overlooked in convolutional network design. We introduce TractGraphFormer, a hybrid Graph CNN-Transformer deep learning framework tailored for diffusion MRI tractography.

Perspectives on Swedish Regulations for Online Record Access Among Adolescents With Serious Health Issues and Their Parents: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: With the increasing implementation of patient online record access (ORA), various approaches to access to minors' electronic health records have been adopted globally. In Sweden, the current regulatory framework restricts ORA for minors and their guardians when the minor is aged between 13 and 15 years. Families of adolescents with complex health care needs often desire health information to manage their child's care and involve them in their care.

Botensilimab (Fc-enhanced anti-cytotoxic lymphocyte-association protein-4 antibody) Plus Balstilimab (anti-PD-1 antibody) in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Metastatic Sarcomas.

Purpose: Outcomes for patients with advanced sarcomas are poor and there is a high unmet need to develop novel therapies. The purpose of this phase I study was to define the safety and efficacy of botensilimab (BOT), an Fc-enhanced anti-cytotoxic lymphocyte-association protein-4 antibody, plus balstilimab (BAL), an anti-PD-1 antibody, in advanced sarcomas.

Methods: BOT was administered intravenously (IV) at 1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg once every 6 weeks in combination with BAL IV at 3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks for up to 2 years.

The misalignment of incentives in academic publishing and implications for journal reform.

For most researchers, academic publishing serves two goals that are often misaligned-knowledge dissemination and establishing scientific credentials. While both goals can encourage research with significant depth and scope, the latter can also pressure scholars to maximize publication metrics. Commercial publishing companies have capitalized on the centrality of publishing to the scientific enterprises of knowledge dissemination and academic recognition to extract large profits from academia by leveraging unpaid services from reviewers, creating financial barriers to research dissemination, and imposing substantial fees for open access.

Vulnerability to natural disasters and sustainable consumption: Unraveling political and regional differences.

The urgent calls for action on climate change underscore the importance of increasing sustainable behavior among individuals who have traditionally veered away from it, such as those on the political right. Utilizing data from four geopolitical regions across 24 countries, we explore whether vulnerability to natural disasters, brought on by either experiencing or anticipating a natural disaster, is a crucial factor. We find that as vulnerability to natural disasters increases, sustainable consumption intentions significantly increase among rightists in Western Europe, Israel, and the United States.

Microbial competition for iron determines its availability to the ferrous wheel.

Iron plays a pivotal role in regulating ocean primary productivity. Iron is supplied from diverse sources such as the atmosphere and the geosphere, and hence iron biogeochemical research has focused on identifying and quantifying such sources of "new" iron. However, the recycling of this new iron fuels up to 90% of the productivity in vast oceanic regions.

Profound individual differences in contextualized emotion perception.

Emotion perception is a fundamental aspect of our lives because others' emotions may provide important information about their reactions, attitudes, intentions, and behavior. Following the seminal work of Ekman, much of the research on emotion perception has focused on facial expressions. Recent evidence suggests, however, that facial expressions may be more ambiguous than previously assumed and that context also plays an important role in deciphering the emotional states of others.

Scholarship, not politics: Reply to Eidelson (2025).

Eidelson's (2025) commentary misses the point of our article (Walker et al., 2025), which reviews the history of antisemitism within the psychology profession and calls for the American Psychological Association to acknowledge its past and to proactively address the recent rise in antisemitism. Our scholarship is consistent with that of others in the field (e.

Combining radio-telemetry and radar measurements to test optimal foraging in an aerial insectivore bird.

Optimal foraging theory posits that foragers adjust their movements based on prey abundance to optimize food intake. While extensively studied in terrestrial and marine environments, aerial foraging has remained relatively unexplored due to technological limitations. This study, uniquely combining BirdScan-MR1 radar and the Advanced Tracking and Localization of Animals in Real-Life Systems biotelemetry system, investigates the foraging dynamics of Little Swifts () in response to insect movements over Israel's Hula Valley.