CD45-PET is a robust, non-invasive tool for imaging inflammation.

Imaging inflammation holds immense potential for advancing the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of many conditions. The lack of a specific and sensitive positron emission tomography (PET) probe to detect inflammation is a critical challenge. To bridge this gap, we present CD45-PET imaging, which detects inflammation with exceptional sensitivity and clarity in several preclinical models.

Novel Objective Tool to Assess Tremor Reveals Unilateral Focused Ultrasound Improves Tremor Bilaterally.

Background: Tremor in essential tremor and in tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease is assessed by subjective observations in patients undergoing focused ultrasound thalamotomy, a minimally invasive procedure intended to alleviate tremor in these patients.

Objective: To develop an objective tool for tremor analysis to be used before and after focused ultrasound thalamotomy treatment in the treated hand (contralateral to ablation) and non-treated (ipsilateral to ablation).

Methods: Using image processing and signal processing that utilized images of a Archimedes spiral drawing, we created a tool to analyze tremor.

Evaluating pulmonary stenosis and regurgitation impact on cardiac strain and strain rate in a porcine model via magnetic resonance feature tracking.

Background: Pulmonary stenosis (PS) is common in congenital heart disease and an integral finding in Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Pulmonary regurgitation (PR) is more commonly found following surgery in repaired TOF. We aimed to evaluate the haemodynamic effects of PS and PR on cardiac physiology in a porcine model using cardiac magnetic resonance-based feature tracking (CMR-FT) deformation imaging.

Diversity in the medical research ecosystem: a descriptive scientometric analysis of over 49 000 studies and 150 000 authors published in high-impact medical journals between 2007 and 2022.

Objectives: Health research that significantly impacts global clinical practice and policy is often published in high-impact factor (IF) medical journals. These outlets play a pivotal role in the worldwide dissemination of novel medical knowledge. However, researchers identifying as women and those affiliated with institutions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have been largely under-represented in high-IF journals across multiple fields of medicine.

Pericardial effusion cytology: malignancy rates, patterns of metastasis, comparison with pericardial window, and genomic correlates.

Introduction: Cytologic evaluation of pericardial fluid is essential for diagnosing malignant pericardial effusions secondary to metastatic disease and for guiding appropriate clinical management; however, large cohort and up-to-date studies on malignancy rates and distribution of primary tumor sites is lacking.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of pericardial fluid specimens from 2 large academic medical centers over a 10-year period was conducted. Clinical and specimen characteristics were correlated with cytologic diagnoses, and compared with surgical pathology pericardial specimens when available.

'Occupational experience' in occupational therapy and occupational science literature: A scoping review.

Introduction: 'Occupational experience' (OE) is widely used within the occupational therapy profession. However, it lacks a clear and unified definition in the profession's consensus practice frameworks and seminal models. Therefore, this study aimed to examine how OE has been defined and described in both occupational therapy and occupational science literature.

Harnessing the Potential of Human Breast Milk to Boost Intestinal Permeability for Nanoparticles and Macromolecules.

The intricate interplay between human breast milk, nanoparticles, and macromolecules holds promise for innovative nutritional delivery strategies. Compared to bovine milk and infant formula, this study explores human breast milk's role in modulating intestinal permeability and its impact on nanoparticle and macromolecule transport. Comparative analysis with bovine milk and infant formula reveals significant elevations in permeability with human breast milk, accompanied by a decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance, suggesting enhanced paracellular transport.

Characterization of the radiological markers in relation to the time elapsed between the appearance and the ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the time gap between earliest head CT with a significant Radscale score and ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt placement.

Material And Methods: The study is a retrospective observational analytic study. The study population includes idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients treated with a VP shunt in a single center between the years 2016 and 2022 and have at least 2 CTs, one in proximity to diagnosis and another obtained at an earlier time point.

Recovery of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients with Anthracycline-Induced Cardiomyopathy- A Contemporary Cohort Study.

Background: Data on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) recovery in patients with anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy (AIC) are limited.

Objectives: To evaluate LVEF recovery rate, its predictors and association with cardiovascular outcomes in a contemporary and diverse AIC cohort.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patients diagnosed with AIC from 2010-2023 at two U.

The Safety Profile of Amiodarone Among Older Adults (age ≥ 75 years): A Pharmacovigilance Study from the FDA Data.

Background: Amiodarone is a widely used antiarrhythmic agent with significant toxicities and drug interactions more likely to affect older adults. Nevertheless, data regarding amiodarone safety in this population are limited.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data from 2003 to 2024 .

Disease-modifying strategies: Targeting protein kinases in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders.

A wide variety of immunomodulatory therapies are already available for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Through fundamental insights from basic research with a gain of knowledge in the pathological processes underlying MS, the exploration of additional medical compounds within clinical trials has been ignited. Emerging novel medications with innovative mechanisms of action are being introduced.

Interhemispheric paired associative stimulation targeting the bilateral prefrontal cortex of subjects with obesity and food addiction modulates food-related emotional reactivity and associated brain activity.

Purpose: Behavioral and neurobiological abnormalities in addiction and obesity have led to the theory of food addiction in obesity (FAOB) and brain-behavior association studies. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies and treats various brain disorders. Cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation TMS protocol, in which left lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) stimulation follows right LPFC stimulation, can reduce emotional reactivity to visual triggers and modulate prefrontal asymmetry in healthy adults.

Bistable Functions and Signaling Motifs in Systems Chemistry: Taking the Next Step Toward Synthetic Cells.

ConspectusA key challenge in modern chemistry research is to mimic life-like functions using simple molecular networks and the integration of such networks into the first functional artificial cell. Central to this endeavor is the development of signaling elements that can regulate the cell function in time and space by producing entities of code with specific information to induce downstream activity. Such artificial signaling motifs can emerge in nonequilibrium systems, exhibiting complex dynamic behavior like bistability, multistability, oscillations, and chaos.

Proper 5'-3' cotranslational mRNA decay in yeast requires import of Xrn1 to the nucleus.

The budding yeast Xrn1 protein shuttles between the nucleus, where it stimulates transcription, and the cytoplasm, where it executes the major cytoplasmic mRNA decay. In the cytoplasm, apart from catalyzing 5'→3' decay onto non translated mRNAs, Xrn1 can follow the last translating ribosome to degrade the decapped mRNA template, a process known as "cotranslational mRNA decay". We have previously observed that the import of Xrn1 to the nucleus is required for efficient cytoplasmic mRNA decay.

Disparities of women's authorship in Colombia: A cross-sectional analysis.

Accepted manuscripts published in medical journals play a crucial role within the scientific community. Over the past few decades, there has been a gradual increase in the number of women entering the medical field. However, women remain underrepresented as first and last authors in medical journals.

Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Echoes of loss: An interpretive phenomenological study of the expressions of childhood bereavement after the death of a parent, in bereaved adults spousal and parental relationships.

This qualitative study explored the long-term effects of childhood bereavement after the death of a parent on adult spousal and parental relationships. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, we conducted in-depth interviews with nine Israeli adults who lost a parent in childhood. The study drew on the dual process model of coping with loss to examine how early loss of a parent is expressed through adult relationships.

DoxyPEP Implementation Preferences for Bacterial STD Prevention Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Living With and Without HIV in Los Angeles: A Mixed-Methods Approach.

Bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remain prominent in the United States among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). Doxycycline for post-exposure prophylaxis (DoxyPEP) is a regimen by which the antibiotic doxycycline is taken after sex to prevent bacterial STDs, such as, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Despite this, this study was conducted because there are a limited number of publications that describe GBMSM's knowledge of, and interest in, taking DoxyPEP and preferences regarding its implementation.

Sex Differences in Long COVID.

Importance: A substantial number of individuals worldwide experience long COVID, or post-COVID condition. Other postviral and autoimmune conditions have a female predominance, but whether the same is true for long COVID, especially within different subgroups, is uncertain.

Objective: To evaluate sex differences in the risk of developing long COVID among adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.