Alternative splicing of modulatory immune receptors in T lymphocytes: a newly identified and targetable mechanism for anticancer immunotherapy.

Alternative splicing (AS) is a mechanism that generates translational diversity within a genome. Equally important is the dynamic adaptability of the splicing machinery, which can give preference to one isoform over others encoded by a single gene. These isoform preferences change in response to the cell's state and function.

Is the freezing index a valid outcome to assess freezing of gait during turning in Parkinson's disease?

Introduction: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling symptom for people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). Turning on the spot for one minute in alternating directions (360 turn) while performing a cognitive dual-task (DT) is a fast and sensitive way to provoke FOG. The FOG-index is a widely used wearable sensor-based algorithm to quantify FOG severity during turning.

Evaluation of racial/ethnic disparities in surgical outcomes after rectal cancer resection: An ACS-NSQIP analysis.

Background: Disparities exist the management of rectal cancer. We sought to evaluate short-term surgical outcomes among different racial/ethnic groups following rectal cancer resection.

Materials And Methods: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database (2016-2019) was queried.

Leveraging human centered design to enhance clinician communication during pregnancy care: Overcoming language barriers with Spanish-speaking patients.

Background: Engaging patients in quality improvement and innovation projects is increasingly important, yet challenges persist with involving patients who speak languages other than English. This article presents design activities our team used to engage Spanish-speaking patients and cultural brokers.

Objective: To develop a clinician communication tool to enhance patient trust in pregnancy care clinicians, especially among minoritized populations who face language and cultural barriers, using human-centered design (HCD).

Application of the Relative Citation Ratio to Assess Common Characteristics of the Highest Impact Articles in Reconstructive Microsurgery.

 The purpose of this review is to characterize themes among the five reconstructive microsurgery articles achieving the highest Relative Citation Ratios (RCRs) published in the past 20 years in the top journals. In doing so, researchers may be better informed on how to propose salient research questions to impact the field and understand future directions in plastic surgery.  A cross-sectional study was conducted with articles published in the top three journals based on the Impact Factor: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery, and Annals of Plastic Surgery.

Ginkgolide B as a biopsychosocial treatment salvages repeated restraint stress-induced amygdalar anomalies in mice.

From preclinical and clinical findings, it has been shown that the amygdala is a critical mediator of stress and primary target for stress effects in the brain. We investigated the neuroprotective effect of Ginkgolide B (GB) in repeated restraint stress-induced behavioral deficit and amygdalar inflammation in mice. Mice were orally pre-treated with GB 20 mg/kg 1 h prior to 4 h restraint stress for 21 consecutive days.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes mitigate amyloid β-induced retinal toxicity: Insights from rat model and cellular studies.

Amyloid β (Aβ) has emerged as a pathophysiological driver in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), emphasizing its significance in the aetiology of this prevalent sight-threatening condition. The multifaceted nature of AMD pathophysiology, presumably involving diverse retinal cascades, corresponds with the complexity of Aβ-induced retinopathy. Therefore, targeting a broad array of pathogenic processes holds promise for therapeutic intervention in AMD-associated retinal pathology.

Therapeutic Levels of Acetaminophen Causing AKI: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Our case highlights the importance of being aware of the potential renal complications that can occur with acetaminophen, even when used at dosages slightly above the recommended therapeutic dose.

Access to CARe: A Narrative of Real-World Medical Decision-Making to Access Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Therapy in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a potentially life-saving treatment for children with relapsed/refractory B-cell hematologic malignancies, and remains an important investigational therapy for other childhood cancers. Yet, access to this class of therapies remains suboptimal through both commercial use and clinical trials, especially in children, adolescents, and young adults. Using a series of case-based discussions, we outline guidance on real-world medical decision-making, and offer potential solutions to enhancing access to CAR T-cell therapy as a treatment modality.

Behavioral problems, dissociative symptoms, and empathic behaviors in children adopted in infancy from institutional and foster care in the Czech Republic.

This study examined if considerably different caregiving experiences in infancy influence socio-emotional development later in childhood. We included children aged 6-9 years who were, immediately after birth, placed in quality state-run institutions (N = 24) or quality state-run foster care with one family (N = 23). All children have lived in stable families since their adoption before 15 months of age.

Development of the Migraine-Related Stigma (MiRS) Questionnaire: Results of the OVERCOME (US) Study.

Background: Stigma is emerging as an important social contributor to migraine-related disability and other outcomes. Currently, there are no published validated measures of migraine-specific measures of stigma.

Objectives: This secondary post hoc analysis of a cross-sectional cohort study aimed to develop a questionnaire to evaluate migraine-related stigma.

Triggering final follicular maturation for IVF cycles.

As part of a conventional controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) regimen, final follicular maturation is usually triggered by a single bolus dose of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). COH, which combines GnRH antagonist co-treatment with GnRH agonist(GnRHa) trigger, is often used in attempts to eliminate severe early ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and to improve oocyte/embryo yield and quality. Recently, the combination of GnRHa, with hCG trigger has also been implemented into clinical practice.

Death risk prediction model for patients with non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: This study aimed to assess the risk of death from non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) using a machine learning model.

Methods: 1274 ICH patients who met the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed retrospectively in the MIMIC IV 3.0 database.

The effect of azithromycin treatment on respiratory morbidity in children with down syndrome.

Background: Children with Down syndrome (DS) often experience recurrent and prolonged hospitalizations from respiratory infections. While Azithromycin has been increasingly used for lower-respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children, its potential benefits for DS patients are unexplored. This study evaluates the effect of chronic azithromycin treatment on respiratory morbidity in children with DS.

Continuing bonds and the posthumous child.

The strategies that bereaved individuals use to establish an ongoing bond with the deceased have attracted considerable attention. However, the narratives of young widows pregnant at the time of their partner's death reveal unique strategies that have not yet received attention in the literature. This interpretive phenomenological research explores the strategies employed by 13 Israeli widows who lost their partners while pregnant.

When We Make Errors and Do Harm: A Narrative Review of Second Victim Syndrome and Implications for Neuro-Ophthalmologists.

Background: In the aftermath of an adverse event, the first priority is to provide care for the patient, known as the first victim. However, the experiences of healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in these events, known as "second victims", have been largely overlooked. This review aims to consolidate existing knowledge on second victim syndrome (SVS), explore its unique implications for neuro-ophthalmologists, and suggest support strategies to increase awareness and meet the needs of affected colleagues.

Microglia modulate the cerebrovascular reactivity through ectonucleotidase CD39.

Microglia and the border-associated macrophages contribute to the modulation of cerebral blood flow, but the mechanisms have remained uncertain. Here, we show that microglia regulate the cerebral blood flow baseline and the responses to whisker stimulation or intra-cisternal magna injection of adenosine triphosphate, but not intra-cisternal magna injection of adenosine in mice model. Notably, microglia repopulation corrects these cerebral blood flow anomalies.

Dynamically induced spatial segregation in multispecies bacterial bioconvection.

Active matter, from motile bacteria to animals, can exhibit striking collective and coherent behavior. Despite significant advances in understanding the behavior of homogeneous systems, little is known about the self-organization and dynamics of heterogeneous active matter, such as complex and diverse bacterial communities. Under oxygen gradients, many bacterial species swim towards air-liquid interfaces in auto-organized, directional bioconvective flows, whose spatial scales exceed the cell size by orders of magnitude.

The Future of Microbiome Therapeutics.

The human microbiome exerts profound influence over various biological processes within the body. Unlike many host determinants, it represents a readily accessible target for manipulation to promote health benefits. However, existing commercial microbiome-directed products often exhibit low efficacy.

Mapping cells through time and space with moscot.

Single-cell genomic technologies enable the multimodal profiling of millions of cells across temporal and spatial dimensions. However, experimental limitations hinder the comprehensive measurement of cells under native temporal dynamics and in their native spatial tissue niche. Optimal transport has emerged as a powerful tool to address these constraints and has facilitated the recovery of the original cellular context.