Neural Rewiring of Resilience: The Effects of Combat Deployment on Functional Network Architecture.

Background: Although combat-deployed soldiers are at a high risk for developing trauma-related psychopathology, most will remain resilient for the duration and aftermath of their deployment tour. The neural basis of this type of resilience is largely unknown, and few longitudinal studies exist on neural adaptation to combat in resilient individuals for whom a pre-exposure measurement was collected. Here, we delineate changes in the architecture of functional brain networks from pre- to post-combat in psychopathology-free, resilient participants.

Adenosine accumulation in the blood of newborn mice weakens antimicrobial host defenses.

Pediatric intensive care patients are particularly susceptible to severe bacterial infections because of ineffective neutrophil responses. The reasons why neutrophils of newborns are less responsive than those of adults are not clear. Because adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (ADO) tightly regulate neutrophils, we studied whether the ATP and ADO levels in the blood of newborn mice could impair the function of their neutrophils.

Discovery of a DNA methylation profile in individuals with Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome.

Pathogenic heterozygous variants in CHD4 cause Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with brain anomalies, heart defects, macrocephaly, hypogonadism, and additional features with variable expressivity. Most individuals have non-recurrent missense variants, complicating variant interpretation. A few were reported with truncating variants, and their role in disease is unclear.

Unveiling the P-solubilizing potential of bacteria enriched from natural colonies of Red Sea Trichodesmium spp.

Phosphorus (P) is pivotal for all organisms, yet its availability is, particularly in the marine habitat, limited. Natural, puff-shaped colonies of Trichodesmium, a genus of diazotrophic cyanobacteria abundant in the Red Sea, have been demonstrated to capture and centre dust particles. While this particle mining strategy is considered to help evade nutrient limitation, details behind the mechanism remain elusive.

Increased adherence to the DASH dietary pattern in community dwelling older adults: Findings from two National Health and Nutrition Surveys.

Objectives: To assess adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet over a decade among community-dwelling older adults, with and without hypertension and to examine associated factors.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Data from two cross-sectional Israel National Health and Nutrition Surveys (NHNS) for older adults, from 2005 to 2006 (NHNS1) and 2014-2015 (NHNS2) were analysed.

Protecting monoclonal antibodies via competitive interfacial adsorption of nonionic surfactants.

Hypothesis: Bioengineered monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have gained significant recognition as medical therapies. However, during processing, storage and use, mAbs are susceptible to interfacial adsorption and desorption, leading to structural deformation and aggregation, and undermining their bioactivity. To suppress antibody surface adsorption, nonionic surfactants are commonly used in formulation.

Enhancing the safety climate among nursing students: The role of clinical instructors' evidence-based practice competencies.

Aims: To evaluate the evidence-based practice (EBP) competency levels of clinical instructors and their role in promoting a safety climate for nursing students.

Background: Establishing a safety climate in nursing education is vital, particularly during clinical training. However, the contributions of clinical instructors to this environment remain underexplored.

A statistical approach for interplanar spacing metrology at a relative uncertainty below 10 using scanning transmission electron microscopy.

Atomic-scale metrology in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) allows to measure distances between individual atomic columns in crystals and is therefore an important aspect of their structural characterization. Furthermore, it allows to locally resolve strain in crystals and to calibrate precisely the pixel size in STEM. We present a method dedicated to the evaluation of interplanar spacing (d-spacing) based on an algorithm including curve fitting of processed high-angle annular dark-field STEM (HAADF STEM) signals.

Household income is independently associated with overall and cancer-specific survival after proctectomy for rectal cancer: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results-based analysis.

Background: We assessed association among household income, overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) after proctectomy for rectal cancer.

Methods: Population-based cohort study included stage I-III rectal adenocarcinoma patients who underwent proctectomy (2010-2020), subdivided by household income at diagnosis [low (<$50,000), average ($50,000-74,999), above-average (≥$75,000)] and compared.

Results: Of 39,185 patients (59 ​% male; mean age 60.

Retrospective evaluation of a novel ultrasound-based imaging analysis software for predicting radiofrequency ablation areas.

Objective: This study aimed to introduce and evaluate a novel software-based system, BioTrace, designed for real-time monitoring of thermal ablation tissue damage during image-guided radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: BioTrace utilizes a proprietary algorithm to analyze the temporo-spatial behavior of thermal gas bubble activity during ablation, as seen in conventional B-mode ultrasound imaging. Its predictive accuracy was assessed by comparing the ablation zones it predicted with those annotated by radiologists using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) 24 hours post-treatment, considered the gold standard.

Performance of ChatGPT-4o in the diagnostic workup of fever among returning travelers requiring hospitalization: a validation study.

Background: Febrile illness in returned travelers presents a diagnostic challenge in non-endemic settings. Chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT) has the potential to assist in medical tasks, yet its diagnostic performance in clinical settings has rarely been evaluated. We conducted a preliminary validation assessment of ChatGPT-4o's performance in the workup of fever in returning travelers.

Parents' initiative in community-based support for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: The non-profit model.

Background: The birth of a child with an intellectual or developmental disability inherently presents challenges to parents regarding the child's long-term future. This qualitative study examined the perceptions of parents who are kibbutz members, focusing on the non-profit organisation they established and the socioeconomic model they developed to ensure the future wellbeing of their children with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Method: In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 participants and used a thematic analysis based on case study methodology.

A Paper-Based Sensor for the Detection of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Utilizing a Cleavable Fluorescent Polymer.

Nowadays, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has emerged as one of the major hazards to the health of the upper gastrointestinal tract, and there is an urgent need for a low-cost, user-friendly, and non-invasive detection method. Herein, a paper-based sensor (CP sensor) for the non-invasive screening of GERD is proposed. The sensor is structured as a specially shaped cellulose paper strip embedded with fluorescent colloids, which are self-assembled from a cleavable synthetic fluorescent polymer (P4).

Exploring psychosomatic congruence: The effect of focusing on body parts as a body-oriented mentalization process.

Background/objective: : Patients with somatic symptoms are considered to have a deficiency in body-oriented mentalization; that is, the ability to perceive and interpret bodily sensations in relation to psychological states. We introduce the novel concept of psychosomatic congruence-the alignment of physical sensations with cognition and emotional states, which leads to behaviors that synchronize physical manifestations with emotional experiences and internal reflections. Despite its clinical relevance, this concept has not been empirically examined.

NET Models Meeting 2024 white paper: the current state of neuroendocrine tumour research models and our future aspirations.

Current models for the study of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are severely limited. While (e.g.

A nosographic and etiopathogenetic framework for subchondral bone marrow lesions in the knee: A narrative review.

Purpose: Subchondral bone marrow lesions (BMLs) are present in a wide range of pathologies with different prognoses. Thus, a careful diagnosis is mandatory to address them with the proper treatment. The aim of this review was to examine BMLs aetiology and their relationship with biomechanical and biological factors, to identify BMLs and help clinicians to properly recognize and treat each of these common alterations.

Imaging of Caseous Mitral Annulus Calcification.

We present 2 cases of caseous mitral annulus calcification (MAC) in which one patient was asymptomatic whereas the second experienced left hemianopsia. Both patients underwent transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography exams which revealed severe MAC with a mass consistent with caseous MAC. A mobile component of the caseous MAC was observed in the patient with left hemianopsia.

Transcatheter Aspiration of Tricuspid Vegetation.

Objective: This study sought to present the endovascular approach of transcatheter aspiration using the FlowTriever (Inari Medical) aspiration system for high surgical risk patients with right-sided infective endocarditis.

Key Steps: General anesthesia and transesophageal echocardiogram guidance; ultrasonography-guided femoral vein access, preclosure sutures, and insertion of a 24-F sheath; insertion of straight 24-F aspiration cannula over a stiff wire, parked in the superior vena cava; introduction of a 20-F curved cannula inside the 24-F cannula to create a telescopic assembly; accurate positioning using the right ventricle inflow/outflow projection in biplane mode; adjustment of the curved cannula radius by sliding the inner cannula in and out inside the mother cannula; manual aspiration of the vegetation; Postaspiration transesophageal echocardiogram assessment.

Potential Pitfalls: Avoid leaflet and annular injury and account for potential embolization.

Renal Physiology Education via Podcast: Channel Your Enthusiasm.

Renal physiology is considered one of the most challenging medical disciplines to understand and to teach. Eight academic nephrologists have come together to produce a podcast devoted to helping learners at any level improve their understanding of this difficult topic. Using Dr Burton D.

Early Detection of Testicular Sertoli Cell Tumor Through Physical Examination: A Case Report.

Testicular tumors represent the most common solid organ malignancy in young and adult males. Sex cord-stromal tumors are the second-largest group of primary testicular cancers, after germ-cell tumors. Sertoli cell (SC) tumors of the testis are relatively rare, accounting for only a small fraction of testicular tumors.

Hybrid care model: Combining telemedicine and office visits for diabetes management in older adults with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: To evaluate the use of hybrid (telehealth and in-person) care on visitation and glycaemia in older adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: In this retrospective study, we examined clinical characteristics, number of visits (telehealth and in-person) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics for older adults (≥65 years) with T1D from electronic health records during the pre-COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2019-March 1, 2020; in-person) and pandemic (September 1, 2020-August 31, 2021; hybrid) periods. Main outcomes were the number of visits and changes in glycaemic control (HbA1c), and in a sub-group of older adults using CGM, changes in CGM metrics between in-person and hybrid care.

NF-B Inhibitory Activity of the Di-Hydroxy Derivative of Piperlongumine (PL-18).

Inflammation is a critical response of the immune system to infection or injury, serving to repair and restore tissue homeostasis. While acute inflammation generally protects against harmful stimuli, prolonged and chronic inflammation have detrimental effects and disrupts tissue homeostasis. Due to the complex and multifactorial etiology of chronic inflammation, effective treatment remains elusive.