Third-Wave CBT Online Intervention for Older Adults Inspired by ACT Principles: An Evaluation of Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness in Adults Age 75 and Older.

Objectives: This study assessed the feasibility and efficacy of "Online Resilience," a three-lesson online intervention based on third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) principles, inspired by acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), designed for emotionally healthy adults aged 75 and older.

Methods: A randomized controlled study with 62 participants (mean age = 81) divided into Experimental and Control groups. Outcomes included resilience, well-being, mood, and sleep quality, measured pre-, post-, and at one-month follow-up.

The Role of Exercise in Steatotic Liver Diseases: An Updated Perspective.

Background: The increasing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), parallels the rise in sedentary lifestyles. MASLD is the most common form of steatotic liver disease (SLD), which represents the umbrella beneath which the vast majority of chronic liver diseases fall, including alcohol-related liver disease and their overlap. These conditions are the leading contributors to chronic liver disease, significantly impacting global morbidity and mortality.

Long-term Changes in Pain, Depression, Function and Informal Caregiving after Major Elective Surgeries Among Seriously Ill Older Adults.

Objective: To compare differences in pain, depression, function, and informal caregiving pre-and-post major elective surgery among older adults with and without serious illness; and determine if serious illness was independently associated with increasing pain, depression, assistance in activities of daily living (ADLs) and informal caregiving post-surgery.

Background: The American College of Surgeons has endorsed the integration of palliative care (PC) into surgical care in adults with serious illness but targets for PC during surgical episodes such as pain, depression, function, and informal caregiving are understudied.

Methods: We used Health and Retirement Study-linked Medicare data (2008-2018) to identify older (≥66 y) adults with and without serious illness who had major elective surgery.

Establishing the Research Priorities of ADHD Professionals: An International Delphi Study.

Objectives: To determine ADHD research priorities from the perspective of ADHD professionals internationally.

Method: A two-stage modified Delphi design was used. In Stage 1 (qualitative), participants listed research questions relating to ADHD that they perceived to be most important ( = 132).

Systemic intravenous thrombolysis and spinal stroke: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is associated with poor clinical outcome. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a well-established treatment for cerebral ischaemic stroke. However, its efficacy in SCI is unknown.

Unconventional aspects in metal-embedded laser-induced graphene.

Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has gained significant attention, with over 170 publications in 2023 alone. This surge in popularity is due to the unique advantages LIG offers over traditional thermal methods, such as fast, solvent-free, scalable production and its ability to scribe intricate patterns on various substrates, including heat-sensitive materials like plastics. In recent developments, metal-embedded LIG (M-LIG) has expanded the potential applications of LIG, particularly in energy storage, microelectronics, and sensing.

Characterization of focused ultrasound blood-brain barrier disruption effect on inflammation as a function of treatment parameters.

The technology of focused ultrasound-mediated disruption of the blood-brain barrier (FUS-BBB opening) has now been used in over 20 Phase 1 clinical trials to validate the safety and feasibility of BBB opening for drug delivery in patients with brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. The primary treatment parameters, FUS intensity and microbubble dose, are chosen to balance sufficient BBB disruption to achieve drug delivery against potential acute vessel damage leading to microhemorrhage. However, other safety considerations due to second order effects caused by BBB disruption, such as inflammation and alteration of neurovascular function, are only beginning to be understood.

Acute and circadian feedforward regulation of agouti-related peptide hunger neurons.

When food is freely available, eating occurs without energy deficit. While agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons are likely involved, their activation is thought to require negative energy balance. To investigate this, we implemented long-term, continuous in vivo fiber-photometry recordings in mice.

Social, environmental, and developmental factors affect the microbiota of barn owls (Tyto alba) in a cross-fostering experiment.

Background: Species host diverse microbial communities that can impact their digestion and health, which has led to much interest in understanding the factors that influence their microbiota. We studied the developmental, environmental, and social factors that influence the microbiota of nestling barn owls (Tyto alba) through a partial cross-fostering experiment that manipulated the social and nest environment of the nestlings. We then examined the nestling microbiota before and three weeks after the exchange of nestlings between nests, along with the microbiota of the adults at the nest and nestlings in unmanipulated nests.

Preadmission systemic antibiotic treatment in necrotizing otitis externa (NOE).

Purpose: Necrotizing otitis externa (NOE) is a serious life-threatening infection, with Pseudomonas (PA) aeruginosa being the primary causative agent. Over the last two decades the use of systemic anti-PA antibiotics expanded substantially and are now prescribed regularly by physicians. Meanwhile, studies indicate shifting trends in the incidence of the offending pathogen in NOE.

Days at Home After Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair Versus Medical Therapy Alone in Heart Failure.

Background: Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair of the mitral valve (mTEER) reduced a hierarchical end point that included death and heart failure hospitalization in COAPT (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation Trial). However, the magnitude to which mTEER increases the number of days a patient spends at home (DAH) in the first few years after treatment, a patient-centered end point not captured routinely in clinical trials, has not been evaluated. We compared 1- and 2-year DAH among patients with functional mitral regurgitation and heart failure randomized to mTEER plus medical therapy versus medical therapy alone (control) by linking the COAPT trial to comprehensive health care claims data.

Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and co-agonists on body composition: Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: While glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) effectively reduce body weight, their impact on lean mass remains uncertain. This meta-analysis evaluated the effects of GLP-1RAs and GLP-1/GIP receptor dual agonists (GLP-1/GIP-RAs) on body composition, focusing on total weight, fat mass, and lean mass in adults with diabetes and/or overweight/obesity.

Methods: A systematic search of Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted through November 12, 2024.

A Queen City Legacy: 45 Years of Research in Pregnant Women with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, The Diabetes in Pregnancy Program Project Grant.

The Diabetes in Pregnancy Program Project Grant (PPG) was a 15-year program focused on enhancing the care for women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during pregnancy and improving the well-being of their offspring. Launched in July 1978 at the University of Cincinnati, the PPG pursued a multifaceted research agenda encompassing basic science, animal and placental studies, and maternal and neonatal clinical trials to understand the physiological and pathophysiological aspects of IDDM during pregnancy. A total of 402 singleton pregnancies in 259 women with IDDM were enrolled prior to 10 weeks gestation over the 15-year period.

Is Pregnancy a Risk Factor for Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy and Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes? A Matched Cohort Study.

Objective:  This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the development or deterioration of nephropathy and retinopathy over time is not affected by pregnancy in women with pregestational type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Study Design:  Prospective, observational study of nephropathy and retinopathy follow-up during pregnancy and in a subsequent period of 2 years in a group of pregnant women with T1DM (study group) that we compared with pair-matched non-pregnant women with T1DM (control group) who underwent similar intensive follow-up.

Results:  The rate of renal microvascular complications was similar at entry, 17.

Engineering CO-Ultraselective Membranes: Molecularly Tailored Low-Crystallinity Polyvinylamine-PEGDGE Networks.

Facilitated transport membranes (FTMs) with an ultraselective layer prepared from amine-rich polyvinylamine (PVAm)/2-(1-piperazinyl)ethylamine salt of sarcosine (PZEA-Sar) (denoted by PM) and an amorphous dendritic cross-linked network of PVAm-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE) (named PP) were designed for CO separations. The developed membranes expedited CO transport over N through the synergistic effect from the induced CO-philic ethylene oxide groups and highly hydrophilic and polar hydroxyl groups together with the low-crystallinity PP networks, which offer a high diffusion rate for CO-amine complexes through the membrane and stabilize small molecular mobile carriers via hydrogen bonding. The best (PM/PP-10)/polysulfone (PSf) composite membranes achieved a superior CO/N selectivity of 230 (4.

Centromeric localization of αKNL2 and CENP-C proteins in plants depends on their centromere-targeting domain and DNA-binding regions.

In eukaryotes, accurate chromosome segregation during cell division relies on the centromeric histone H3 variant, CENH3. Our previous work identified KINETOCHORE NULL2 (αKNL2) as a plant CENH3 assembly factor, which contains a centromere-targeting motif, CENPC-k, analogous to the CENPC motif found in CENP-C. We also demonstrated that αKNL2 can bind DNA in vitro in a sequence-independent manner, without the involvement of its CENPC-k motif.

A Working Memory Model of Sentence Processing as Binding Morphemes to Syntactic Positions.

As they process complex linguistic input, language comprehenders must maintain a mapping between lexical items (e.g., morphemes) and their syntactic position in the sentence.

Does Basis Set Superposition Error Significantly Affect Post-CCSD(T) Corrections?

We have investigated the title question for both a subset of the W4-11 total atomization energies benchmark, and for the A24x8 noncovalent interactions benchmark. Overall, counterpoise corrections to post-CCSD(T) contributions are about two orders of magnitude less important than those to the CCSD(T) interaction energy. Counterpoise corrections for connected quadruple substitutions (Q) are negligible, and or especially so.

Quantum Electrodynamics in High-Harmonic Generation: Multitrajectory Ehrenfest and Exact Quantum Analysis.

High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a nonlinear process in which a material sample is irradiated by intense laser pulses, causing the emission of high harmonics of incident light. HHG has historically been explained by theories employing a classical electromagnetic field, successfully capturing its spectral and temporal characteristics. However, recent research indicates that quantum-optical effects naturally exist or can be artificially induced in HHG, such as entanglement between emitted harmonics.

Acute pyelonephritis in adults. Should we adopt the pediatric guidelines?

Purpose: There are no guidelines, what recommend pro or against cystography for identification of VUR for adults who suffer from first episode of pyelonephritis. The aim of this study was to look at incidence of VUR in adults with first episode of pyelonephritis, and to highlight recommendations for possible reflux investigation in these patients.

Methods: We have performed retrospective review of all patients who admitted at our department over the last decade with the working diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Small and Very Small Aortic Valve Annuli: A Propensity-Matched Analysis Between Self-Expanding Versus Balloon-Expandable Valves.

Background: The management of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) patients with a small aortic annulus (SAA) postures a substantial challenge, increasing the risk of patient- prosthesis mismatch (PPM) and overall mortality.

Aims: This study aimed to compare the hemodynamic and clinical outcomes of transcatheter balloon-expandable valve (BEV) versus transcatheter self-expandable valve (SEV) in SAA.

Methods: We conducted propensity score matching (PSM) of severe AS patients with SAA who underwent trans-femoral TAVR and enrolled to the Israeli TAVR registry between the years 2008 and 2023.