The relationship between hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score and 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: In recent years, the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score has emerged as a potential marker of immunological and nutritional status. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the HALP score and prognosis in patients with sepsis.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed sepsis patients using clinical data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database.

Impact of left ventricular stroke work index on 30-day mortality in sepsis: a retrospective analysis based on the MIMIC-III database.

Background: Cardiac dysfunction, commonly observed in sepsis patients, is associated with higher mortality rates. The left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI), an integrated parameter reflecting overall left ventricular function, may serve as a reliable and practical prognosticator for sepsis.

Methods: Using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC III) database, we carried out a retrospective observational study that included adult patients who met the Sepsis-3 criteria.

Pelabresib plus ruxolitinib for JAK inhibitor-naive myelofibrosis: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors provide limited depth and durability of response in myelofibrosis. We evaluated pelabresib-a bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitor-plus ruxolitinib (a JAK inhibitor) compared with placebo plus ruxolitinib as first-line therapy. In this phase 3 study (MANIFEST-2), JAK inhibitor-naive patients with myelofibrosis were randomized 1:1 to pelabresib 125 mg once daily (QD; 50-175 mg QD permitted) for 14 days followed by a 7-day break (21-day cycle), or to placebo in combination with ruxolitinib 10 or 15 mg twice daily (BID; 5 mg QD-25 mg BID permitted).

It's the little things. A framework and guidance for programs to care for infants 22-23 weeks' gestational age.

Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) developing a tiny baby program-a clinical approach for care of infants born before 24 weeks' gestation-have a limited, but growing, body of evidence to guide practice. Infants born 22-23 weeks have more immature organ development and physiology than more mature extremely low birth weight infants. Centers of excellence (CoEs) in the care of tiny babies have evolved integrated approaches to clinical care in which the management of each physiologic system impacts other systems.

Long-term macular atrophy growth in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: influential factors and role of genetic variants.

Objectives: This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the long-term growth and associated risk factors of macular atrophy (MA) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) compounds.

Methods: Two hundred and six patients initiating anti-VEGF therapy were followed for 8 years using a treat-and-extend protocol. The study analysed correlations between MA growth (by square root transformation measured in infrared images) and clinical parameters, and genetic variants for AMD in the complement and lipid pathways and the ARMS2 gene.

3D volumetric tomography of clouds using machine learning for climate analysis.

The prediction of climate has been a long-standing problem in contemporary science. One of the reasons stems from a gap in the ability to obtain 3D mapping of clouds, especially shallow scattered clouds. These clouds are strongly affected by mixing processes with their surroundings, rendering their internal volumetric structure highly heterogeneous.

Elevated IAP in critically ill patients associated with increased AKI incidence: a cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database.

Elevated intra-abdominal pressure can engender a spectrum of adverse physiological repercussions in patients, but further research is needed to ascertain whether elevated intra-abdominal pressure exerts significant effects on renal function. The study used MIMIC-IV database to identify critical patients with IAP monitoring. Patients were categorized into Low-IAP and High-IAP groups based on the results of the restricted cubic splines curve, with HR = 1 set at IAP = 16 mmHg.

Predictors of venous thromboembolic events in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in hospitalized patients. Although prior studies have attempted to identify predictors of VTE, restricted sample size and use of administrative claims data have limited such analyses. We utilized data from hospitalized patients in the CORONA-VTE Network, a United States multicenter registry of adult patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (N = 3,844).

Identification of Predictive Factors for the Development of In-Transit Metastasis in Patients with Melanoma.

Background: In patients with melanoma, in-transit metastasis (ITM) can develop. This study aimed to identify the risk for a first recurrence of ITM and associated predictive clinical factors in a large international cohort of patients with melanoma.

Methods: Patients with primary cutaneous melanoma who underwent wide local excision (WLE) and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) were identified from the Sentinel Lymph Node Working Group (SLNWG) database between January 1993 and February 2023.

The combined impact of meconium stained amniotic fluid and small for gestational age on delivery outcomes.

Purpose: To assess the delivery complications in neonates with meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and small for gestational age (SGA) birthweight.

Methods: The medical records of all term, singleton deliveries during 2014-2021 were reviewed. Obstetric characteristics and neonatal outcomes were evaluated among the following groups: SGA neonates with MSAF (SGA-MSAF group), SGA neonates without MSAF (SGA group), appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates with MSAF (AGA-MSAF group) and AGA without MSAF (AGA group).

The PESGA Trial: A Prospective, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Study to Evaluate First Line Therapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC) Patients, Treated by Induction Carboplatin/Etoposide/Pembrolizumab Followed by Maintenance of Pembrolizumab/ Sacituzumab Govitecan.

Introduction: Despite recent advances in immunotherapy combinations for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), rapid disease progression following chemotherapy discontinuation remains a significant challenge. While the addition of pembrolizumab to platinum-etoposide has demonstrated a modest improvement in progression-free survival (PFS), there is an urgent need for more effective maintenance strategies. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG), an antibody-drug conjugate targeting Trop-2, has shown promising activity in pretreated ES-SCLC.

Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with true knot of the umbilical cord - A multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of true knot of the umbilical cord (TKUC) and identify associated adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Study Design: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted, including all women with singleton pregnancies who delivered between 24 and 42 weeks of gestation from 2005 to 2021 at two large obstetrical centers. Gross pathological examinations of the placenta and umbilical cord were routinely performed immediately after delivery.

App- and Wearable-Based Remote Monitoring for Patients With Myasthenia Gravis and Its Specialists: Feasibility and Usability Study.

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is rare, chronic autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction that requires specialized care and often lifelong treatment, facing challenges due to its rarity and the limited availability of specialists. Telemedical solutions in specialized centers hold considerable promise in bridging this gap by increasing access to this care to a broader patient population in a timely manner. However, there is no research regarding interventional remote care solutions in the field of MG to date.

A comparison of the ventilatory responses to wearing either a hood or a mask escape respirator with identical nose-cups.

Differences in escape respirator design can influence the wearer's ventilatory response and impact inspired oxygen (O) and carbon dioxide (CO) concentrations. There has been minimal investigation into the differences between hood and mask designs as escape respirators that compare between the ventilatory responses of wearing either a hood or mask escape respirator with an identical nose-cup. Thirty-nine healthy young males participated in the study.

Sequential Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bacterial Infections in the Nasopharynx of Zambian Infants and Mothers.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory infections in infants, especially under 5 years of age. Several studies have reported that interactions between RSV and bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP), Moraxella catarrhalis (MC), Haemophilus influenzae (HI) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) may influence their pathogenicity and the clinical outcome of infection. However, existing knowledge about RSV-bacterial interactions in infants comes primarily from cross-sectional studies, which cannot evaluate the influence of infection sequence on these interactions.

Unidirectional recruitment between MeCP2 and KSHV-encoded LANA revealed by CRISPR/Cas9 recruitment assay.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV, HHV-8) is associated with several human malignancies. During latency, the viral genomes reside in the nucleus of infected cells as large non-integrated plasmids, known as episomes. To ensure episome maintenance, the latency protein LANA tethers the viral episomes to the cell chromosomes during cell division.

Strategies for relapse prevention among people with schizophrenia in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa: Healthcare providers' perspectives.

Introduction: Relapse is a significant challenge among people with schizophrenia and is broadly recognized by the aggravation of positive or negative symptoms, the need for re-hospitalization, more intensive case management, and/or changes in medication. The quality of inpatient care and proper transition to outpatient care are crucial in reducing the risk of relapse. Healthcare providers play vital roles in ensuring the continuity of care after patients are discharged from the hospital.

'We're all in this together': the protective role of belongingness in the contribution of moral injury to mental health among participants in Israel's civil protest movement.

Participating in long-term protests against government actions can affect protesters' mental health and expose protesters to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs), such as the betrayal by leaders they once trusted. This study aimed to shed light on the potential psychological buffers against the deleterious effects of exposure to PMIEs of betrayal among protesters and to examine the moderating role of belongingness in the relationships between protesters' exposure to PMIEs and stress, PTSD and depression levels. The study sample comprised 4036 Israeli protesters (= 54.

Mode of delivery among preterm twins and offspring health, a retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: Although cesarean delivery (CD) has been linked to long-term health risks in singleton infants, the impact of delivery mode on long-term health outcomes in preterm twins remains underexplored. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary medical center in Israel from 1991 to 2021, comparing preterm twins vaginally delivered (VD) versus cesarean section, excluding cases with congenital malformations or perinatal deaths. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare the cumulative incidence, and Cox proportional hazards models were applied to adjust for potential confounders.

Treatment stigma mediates relationships between morally injurious events and depression, PTSD and anxiety symptoms.

Morally injurious events (MIEs), encompassing personal transgressions, witnessing others commit transgressions, or experiencing betrayal by leaders, can conflict with one's moral/ethical principles, evoking outrage and profound mistrust. Although MIEs are associated with depression, PTSD, and anxiety, the mechanisms linking MIEs to psychiatric symptomatology remain unclear, especially among civilians in times of collective trauma. This study explored one potential mechanism: stigma toward mental-health treatment, which can deter help-seeking and exacerbate guilt, shame, and mistrust.

Implementing Accuracy, Completeness, and Traceability for Data Reliability.

Importance: While it is well known that data quality underlies evidence validity, the measurement and impacts of data reliability are less well understood. The need has been highlighted in the 21st Century Cures Act of 2016 and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Real-World Evidence Program framework in 2018, draft guidance in 2021 and final guidance in 2024. Timely visibility into implementation may be provided by the Transforming Real-World Evidence With Unstructured and Structured Data to Advance Tailored Therapy (TRUST) study, a Verantos Inc-led FDA-funded demonstration project to explore data quality and inform regulatory decision-making.