Efficacy of Lactobacillus acidophilus and yeast cell wall-derived supplements on immunity responses, growth performance, and disease resistance in Cyprinus carpio juveniles.

This study investigated the effects of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus (PTCC 1643) (LA) and a commercial yeast cell wall prebiotic (Immunogen) (IM) on immunoantioxidant, growth, and digestive status, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio juveniles. The fish were fed in five treatments including control (T1), LA1.5 (T2): 1.

Probiotic, fructooligosaccharide and yeast extract mixture improves gut health in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

The present study investigated the effects of a feed additive (FA) containing a probiotic consortium, fructooligosaccharide and yeast extract on growth performance, humoral immune responses, hepatic antioxidant parameters and intestine digestive enzymes, morphology and transcripts in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The fish were reared for 8 weeks, feeding on diets containing 0 (CNT), 0.3 (0.

Enhancing yield and oil content in oilseed rape hybrids: Insights from line × tester and SIIG approaches.

Background: The production of high-oil-yielding hybrid varieties is a primary objective in oilseed rape ( L.) breeding programs. Biometric genetic experiments such as line × tester provide valuable insights into the genetic structure of traits associated with high oil yield.

The effect of quercetin on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and apoptosis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes: The role of SIRT1 pathways.

Background: Lipotoxicity, caused by adipocyte triglyceride over-accumulation, contributes to obesity-related comorbidities such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, respiratory dysfunction, and osteoarthritis. This study focuses on determining how sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) mediates quercetin's (QCT) effect on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Key aspects of this study include preventing adipogenesis, inducing lipolysis, and stimulating adipocyte apoptosis.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19 among chronic disease patients: A global perspective.

Background: Chronic health conditions were significantly correlated with an increased clinical severity of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) and a heightened risk of COVID-19 mortality. This study aims to determine global knowledge, attitudes, and practices (Knowledge Abuse Profile) of the patients with chronic diseases toward COVID-19.

Methods: The study was initiated in December 2019 and extended until April 2023, during which an extensive search for relevant English-language literature was conducted as part of this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Reductive coupling of nitro compounds with boronic acid derivatives: an overview.

The purpose of this review is to summarize the current literature on reductive C-N coupling of nitro compounds and boronic acids, with special emphasis on the mechanistic features of the reactions. The metal-catalyzed reactions are discussed first. This is followed by electro-synthesis and organophosphorus-catalyzed reactions.

An update on the potential mechanism of gallic acid as an antibacterial and anticancer agent.

Drug resistance to antibacterial and anticancer drugs is one of the most important global problems in the treatment field that is constantly expanding and hinders the recovery and survival of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to identify compounds that have antibacterial and anticancer properties or increase the effectiveness of existing drugs. One of these approaches is using natural compounds that have few side effects and are effective.

Evaluation of acceptance, attitude, and knowledge towards artificial intelligence and its application from the point of view of physicians and nurses: A provincial survey study in Iran: A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study.

Background And Aims: The prospect of using artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is bright and promising, and its use can have a significant impact on cost reduction and decrease the possibility of error and negligence among healthcare workers. This study aims to investigate the level of knowledge, attitude, and acceptance among Iranian physicians and nurses.

Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in eight public university hospitals located in Tehran on 400 physicians and nurses.

Effect of the cholinergic system of the lateral periaqueductal gray (lPAG) on blood pressure and heart rate in normal and hydralazine hypotensive rats.

Objectives: Due to the presence of the cholinergic system in the lateral periaqueductal gray (lPAG) column, the cardiovascular effects of acetylcholine (ACH) and its receptors in normotensive and hydralazine (HYD) hypotensive rats in this area were evaluated.

Materials And Methods: After anesthesia, the femoral artery was cannulated and systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and also electrocardiogram for evaluation of low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) bands, important components of heart rate variability (HRV), were recorded. ACH, atropine (Atr, a muscarinic antagonist), and hexamethonium (Hex, an antagonist nicotinic) alone and together microinjected into lPAG, changes (Δ) of cardiovascular responses and normalized (n) LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio were analyzed.

A CMC--poly(AA--AMPS)/FeO hydrogel nanocomposite as a novel biopolymer-based catalyst in the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines.

A CMC--poly(AA--AMPS)/FeO hydrogel nanocomposite was successfully designed and prepared graft copolymerization of AA and AMPS on CMC followed by the cross-linking addition of FeCl/FeCl. The synthesized hydrogel nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The CMC--poly(AA--AMPS)/FeO hydrogel nanocomposite was employed as a biocompatible catalyst for the green synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives under thermal and ultrasound-assisted reaction conditions.

Genotype and environment interaction and stability of grain yield and oil content of rapeseed cultivars.

Investigating the interaction of genotype and environment in multi-environment experiments (MET) is one of the reliable techniques to demonstrate the most stable and compatible cultivars. The main contribution of this study is to evaluate the stability and compatibility of rapeseed cultivars using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype environment interaction (GGE) bi-plot methods for grain yield and oil content. For this purpose, an experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted for 10 rapeseed cultivars across 10 environments (five regions in 2 years).

The role of nitric oxide in the dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) column in cardiovascular responses in urethane-anesthetized male rats.

Background: The dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) is a mesencephalic area and has numerous functions including cardiovascular regulation. Because nitric oxide (NO) is present in the dmPAG, here we investigate, the probable cardiovascular effect of NO in the dmPAG.

Methods: Five groups (n = 6 for each group) were used as follows: (1) control; (2) L-NAME (N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a NO synthase inhibitor, 90 nmol); (3) L-arginine (L-Arg, a precursor for NO, 60 nmol); (4) Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor, 27 nmol); and (5) L-Arg + L-NAME.

Can executive functions of the brain predict official driving test success?

Human factors, including the level of cognitive functioning, are the most influential factors in road traffic crashes. Among cognitive abilities, executive functions (EFs) of the brain play a pivotal role in driving performance and outcomes, including crash numbers. The current study was aimed to explore, for the first time, the ability of EF tests to predict success on the official driving tests in applicants of driving license in Iran.

Ecological validity of executive function tests in predicting driving performance.

Almost all of our everyday activities depend on executive function (EF) skills. In line with the increasing attention to the ecological validation of neuropsychological assessment and intervention methods, this study aimed to explore the ecological validity of a relevant set of widely used EF tests, mostly from well-known paradigms of EF assessment, in predicting driving ability. Ninety-six healthy novice drivers ( = 26.

Alkoxysulfenylation of alkenes: development and recent advances.

Among the wide variety of synthetic transformations of inexpensive and abundant feedstock alkenes, vicinal difunctionalization of carbon-carbon double bonds represent one of the most powerful and effective strategies for the introduction of two distinct functional groups into target compounds in a one-pot process. In this context, the direct alkoxysulfenylation of alkenes has emerged as an elegant method to construct valuable β-alkoxy sulfides in an atom- and pot-economic manner utilizing readily accessible starting materials. Here, we review the available literature on this appealing research topic by hoping that it will be beneficial for eliciting further research and thinking in this domain.

Genome-wide association study in diverse Iranian wheat germplasms detected several putative genomic regions associated with stem rust resistance.

Stem rust is one of the most important diseases, threatening global wheat production. Identifying genomic regions associated with resistance to stem rust at the seedling stage may contribute wheat breeders to introduce durably resistant varieties. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach was applied to detect stem rust () resistance genes/QTLs in a set of 282 Iranian bread wheat varieties and landraces.

Assessment of genotype-trait interaction in maize ( L.) hybrids using GGT biplot analysis.

In order to investigate the interaction of genotype × trait and relationships among agronomic traits on 12 maize hybrids, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates in four regions of Karaj, Birjand, Shiraz, and Arak. Results of analysis of variance indicated that most of the genotypes were significantly different in terms of agronomic traits. Mean comparison by Duncan's method showed that KSC705 genotype was more favorable than other genotypes in all studied regions.

A study on genotype-environment interaction based on GGE biplot graphical method in sunflower genotypes ( L.).

GGE biplot technique is one of the appropriate methods for investigating the genotype-environment interaction. An experiment was conducted to examine and evaluate the stability and adaptability of grain yield of 12 sunflower genotypes using the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in five regions including Karaj, Birjand, Firooz-Abad, Kashmar, and Arak within two agricultural years. Analysis of variance indicated that the effect of location, year, location × year, genotype, and genotype × location was significant at 1% probability level.

Correction: Fundamentals and recent progress relating to the fabrication, functionalization and characterization of mesostructured materials using diverse synthetic methodologies.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D0RA00440E.].

Fundamentals and recent progress relating to the fabrication, functionalization and characterization of mesostructured materials using diverse synthetic methodologies.

Since 1990 and the invention of the very first generation of ordered mesoporous silica materials, several innovative methodologies have been applied to synthesize, characterize, and modify silica/non-silica mesoporous materials. The growth of the mesoporous materials field has generated significant environmental and economic advantages compared to various other industrial developments. According to the literature, there are several key synthesis approaches and parameters that can affect the structural, textural and morphological characteristics of mesoporous materials.

Fabrication of magnetic iron oxide-supported copper oxide nanoparticles (FeO/CuO): modified screen-printed electrode for electrochemical studies and detection of desipramine.

The present investigation examines a sensitive electrochemical technique to detect desipramine through FeO/CuO nanoparticles (NPs). FeO/CuO NPs were synthesized a coprecipitation procedure, and the products were characterized energy disperse spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The voltage-current curve and differential pulse voltammetry examinations of FeO/CuO-modified screen-printed electrode (FeO/CuO/SPE) were followed by the determination of electro-catalytic activities toward desipramine oxidation in a phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.

The implementation of artificial neural networks for the multivariable optimization of mesoporous NiO nanocrystalline: biodiesel application.

In the present research, artificial neural network (ANN) modelling was utilized to determine the relative importance of effective variables to achieve optimum specific surface areas of a synthesized catalyst. Initially, carbonaceous nanocrystalline mesoporous NiO core-shell solid sphere composites were produced by applying incomplete carbonized glucose (ICG) as the pore directing agent and polyethylene glycol (PEG; 4000) as the surfactant a hydrothermal-assisted method. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) model was applied to ascertain the textural characteristics of the as-prepared mesoporous NiO catalyst.

Direct electrochemical detection of clozapine by RuO nanoparticles-modified screen-printed electrode.

This study introduces the sensitive electrochemical detection of clozapine with the use of a ruthenium(iv) oxide nanoparticle (RuO NP)-modified screen-printed electrode (RuO NPs/SPE). The electrochemical behaviors of clozapine at RuO NP/SPE have been examined cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and chronoamperometry (CHA). According to the results, the modified electrode has been accompanied by a decreasing over-potential ( 170 mV) and enhancement in the peak current (3 times) in comparison with the bare SPE.

Immobilized TiO nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes: an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of chromeno[]pyridine derivatives under ultrasonic irradiation.

A new protocol for the synthesis of chromeno[]pyridine derivatives is described a three-component reaction of 4-aminocoumarin, aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile catalyzed by TiO nanoparticles immobilized on carbon nanotubes (TiO-CNTs) as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst under ultrasonic irradiation in water. The sustainable and economic benefits of the protocol are the high yields of products, short reaction time, simple work-up procedure, and use of a non-toxic and reusable catalyst.