Balancing anticancer therapy efficacy and safety in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant health problem associated with several risk factors, increasingly driven by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and metabolic syndrome. This association poses a challenge for the primary treatments of HCC, which may include immune checkpoint inhibitors and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, due to their potential cardiotoxic effect. Therefore, it is imperative to balance the therapeutic effects of these agents with their potential cardiovascular adverse events.

Maternal Well-Being and Child Appetitive Traits at 5 Years Old: Findings from the ROLO Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study.

Maternal depression has been linked with increased risk of childhood obesity. Furthermore, maternal negative affectivity in early childhood has been associated with food fussiness. We explored the relationship between longitudinal maternal well-being mid-pregnancy, at 2 years and 5 years postpartum and children's appetitive traits at 5 years of age.

Epidemiology of constipation and its associated factors in an ageing population of people with an intellectual disability in Ireland: A cross-sectional study.

Constipation impacts health-related quality of life with a burden similar to other chronic conditions. This study characterises the prevalence of constipation and its associated factors in older adults with intellectual disability. Data from the Intellectual Disability Supplement of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing was analysed using bivariate and multivariate approaches.

Preconditions influencing the development of post-secondary training programs in universities for individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Background: Research on post-secondary training for individuals with intellectual disabilities has generally focused on programs, with little consideration of the structures and mechanisms that give rise to them. This article adopts a critical realist perspective to comparatively analyse and theorise about the contextual structures contributing to the introduction of post-secondary training programs in universities for individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Method: Six stages in critical realist explanatory research were followed.

Implementation of a national programme to train and support healthcare professionals in brief behavioural interventions: A qualitative study using the theoretical domains framework.

Objectives: Behaviour change interventions offered opportunistically by healthcare professionals can support patient health behaviour change. The Making Every Contact Count (MECC) programme in Ireland is a national programme to support healthcare professionals to use brief behavioural interventions. The aim of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the enablers of, and barriers to, embedding MECC across the healthcare system.

Precision Psychobiotics for Gut-Brain Axis Health: Advancing the Discovery Pipelines to Deliver Mechanistic Pathways and Proven Health Efficacy.

Advancing microbiome-gut-brain axis science requires systematic, rational and translational approaches to bridge the critical knowledge gaps currently preventing full exploitation of the gut microbiome as a tractable therapeutic target for gastrointestinal, mental and brain health. Current research is still marked by many open questions that undermine widespread application to humans. For example, the lack of mechanistic understanding of probiotic effects means it remains unclear why even apparently closely related strains exhibit different effects in vivo.

Recombinant Klotho administration after myocardial infarction reduces ischaemic injury and arrhythmias by blocking intracellular calcium mishandling and CaMKII activation.

Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) remains a major cause of death and morbidity. Klotho is a well-known anti-ageing factor with relevant cardioprotective actions, at least when renal dysfunction is present, but its actions are much less known when renal function is preserved. This study investigated Klotho as a biomarker and potential novel treatment of IHD-associated complications after myocardial infarction (MI) under preserved renal function.

Interpreting positive celiac serology in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: The association of celiac disease (CD) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is well-established, yet variation exists in screening practices. This study measures the accuracy of early screening with tissue transglutaminase Immunoglobulin A (TTG-IgA) and endomysial antibody (EMA) in newly diagnosed T1DM.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of children with T1DM between 2013 and 2019 with early CD screening and follow-up.

Daratumumab plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone in untreated multiple myeloma: analysis of key subgroups of the MAIA study.

In the MAIA study (median follow-up, 56.2 months), daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone in transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). In this post hoc analysis of clinically important subgroups in MAIA (median follow-up, 64.

Continental influx and pervasive matrilocality in Iron Age Britain.

Roman writers found the relative empowerment of Celtic women remarkable. In southern Britain, the Late Iron Age Durotriges tribe often buried women with substantial grave goods. Here we analyse 57 ancient genomes from Durotrigian burial sites and find an extended kin group centred around a single maternal lineage, with unrelated (presumably inward migrating) burials being predominantly male.

Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder - recommendations from ECTRIMS and the EBMT.

Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a treatment option for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) that are refractory to disease-modifying therapy (DMT). AHSCT after failure of high-efficacy DMT in aggressive forms of relapsing-remitting MS is a generally accepted indication, yet the optimal placement of this approach in the treatment sequence is not universally agreed upon. Uncertainties also remain with respect to other indications, such as in rapidly evolving, severe, treatment-naive MS, progressive MS, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).

Exploring the role of volume energy density in altering microstructure and corrosion behavior of nitinol alloys produced by laser powder bed fusion.

In the realm of materials science and engineering, the pursuit of advanced materials with tailored properties has been a driving goal behind technological progress. Scientific interest in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) fabricated NiTi alloy has in recent times seen an upsurge of activity. In this study, we investigate the impact of varying volume energy density (VED) during L-PBF on the microstructure and corrosion behaviour of NiTi alloys in both scan (XY) and built (XZ) planes.

Early and Late Outcomes With the Absorb Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold: Final Report From the ABSORB Clinical Trial Program.

Background: The risk-benefit ratio of the Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) may vary before and after 3 years, the time point of complete bioresorption of the poly-L-lactic acid scaffold.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the time-varying outcomes of the Absorb BVS compared with cobalt-chromium everolimus-eluting stents (EES) from a large individual-patient-data pooled analysis of randomized trials.

Methods: The individual patient data from 5 trials that randomized 5,988 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention to the Absorb BVS vs EES with 5-year follow-up were pooled.

Software Discrepancies in Radionuclide-Derived Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.

Gated equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA), or multigated acquisition scanning, is a well-established technique to monitor left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients treated with potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapy. To determine the results of a true change in LVEF, low inter- and intrareader variability is important. The aim of this study was to investigate inter- and intrareader variability in LVEF measurements using 2 different commercially available software packages with cardiac MR (CMR) as a reference standard.

Encapsulation of astilbin in zein nanoparticles with fructo-oligosaccharides and caseinate as costabilizers: Formation, stability, bioavailability, and antioxidant capacity.

Zein-based nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention as potential delivery systems for bioactive compounds. However, their application has been limited by poor stability and redispersibility. In this study, we addressed these challenges by fabricating zein nanocarriers using branching structural fructo-oligosaccharides (P-FOS) and sodium caseinate (NaCas) as costabilizers.

Neuroinflammation and Nociception in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Review of Precision Medicine Perspective.

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of low back pain (LBP), which results in disability worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration mediating LBP remains unclear. Current conservative treatments and surgical interventions are both to relieve the symptoms and minimise pain; nevertheless, they are unable to reverse the degeneration.

Can fast wall shear stress computation predict adverse cardiac events in patients with intermediate non-flow limiting stenoses?

Background And Aims: Coronary angiography-derived wall shear stress (WSS) may enable identification of vulnerable plaques and patients. A new recently introduced software allows seamless three-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography (3D-QCA) reconstruction and WSS computation within a single user-friendly platform carrying promise for clinical applications. This study examines for the first time the efficacy of this software in detecting vulnerable lesions in patients with intermediate non-flow limiting stenoses.

The border effect in diamond microdosimeters and its impact on hadron therapy applications.

The increasing interest in hadron therapy has heightened the need for accurate and reliable methods to assess radiation quality and the biological effectiveness of particles used in treatment. Microdosimetry has emerged as a key tool for this, demonstrating its potential, reliability, and suitability. In this context, solid-state microdosimeters offer technological advantages over traditional Tissue-Equivalent Proportional Counters, and recent advancements have further improved their performance and reliability.