Albumin-based delivery systems: Recent advances, challenges, and opportunities.

Albumin and albumin-based biomaterials have been explored for various applications, including therapeutic delivery, as therapeutic agents, as components of tissue adhesives, and in tissue engineering applications. It has been approved as an albumin nanoparticle containing paclitaxel (Abraxane®), as an albumin-binding peptide (Victoza®), and as a glutaraldehyde-crosslinked tissue adhesive (BioGlue®). Albumin is also approved as a supportive therapy for various conditions, including hypoalbuminemia, sepsis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Macronutrient modulation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease - the molecular role of fatty acids versus sugars in human metabolism and disease progression.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a significant public health concern, with its progression to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and fibrosis leading to severe outcomes including cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. While obesity and excess energy intake are well established contributors to the development and progression of MASLD, the distinct role of specific macronutrients is less clear. This review examines the mechanistic pathways through which dietary fatty acids and sugars contribute the development of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, offering a nuanced understanding of their respective roles in MASLD progression.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom clusters associated with an indicator of heart rate variability: The ADVANCE cohort study.

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is governed by of sympathetic and parasympathetic regulatory systems. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may influence these systems and consequently affect cardiovascular functioning.

Methods: The sample consisted of 860 UK male military personnel approximately half of who had sustained physical combat injuries in Afghanistan.

The class-IIa HDAC inhibitor TMP269 promotes BMP-Smad signalling and is neuroprotective in in vitro and in vivo 6-hydroxydopamine models of Parkinson's disease.

Degeneration of midbrain nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Peripheral delivery of a compound(s) to arrest or slow this dopaminergic degeneration is a key therapeutic goal. Pan-inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, key epigenetic regulators, have shown therapeutic promise in PD models.

Analysis of consular assistance provided to Irish citizens abroad, 2014-2023.

Introduction: There has been limited literature reporting the nature of the consular assistance provided to travellers. This study aimed to describe the consular assistance activity of the Irish Department of Foreign Affairs.

Methods: Publicly available consular assistance data (2014-2023) were analysed descriptively.

How and why do health system factors influence general dentists' participation in publicly funded, contracted primary dental care services: A realist review.

Objectives: To identify health system contexts and mechanisms influencing general dental practitioners' (GDPs) participation in state funded, contracted primary oral healthcare.

Methods: Peer-reviewed articles and other sources were identified via EMBASE, Medline (OVID), Web of Science and Google Scholar databases, grey literature search, citation tracking and expert recommendations. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were assessed for rigour, relevance and richness, and coded to identify data relating to contexts, mechanisms and outcomes.

Distraction-based interventions for children in the emergency care setting: A realist synthesis based on primary research.

Background: The literature underscores the prevalence of pain as the most common presenting symptom in the Emergency Care Setting (ECS) and is associated with anxiety and stress for children. On top of that painful procedures are often required as part of their treatment, making procedural pain a common experience. The substantial evidence supporting the effectiveness of distraction-based interventions (DBI) in relieving pain and anxiety and reducing stress underscores the urgency of addressing this issue.

Diabetic foot ulcer related pain and its impact on health-related quality of life.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a prevalent complication of diabetes. Individuals with DFUs can experience wound-related pain, which could be nociceptive and/or neuropathic in origin, which adversely affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Aim: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of DFU-related pain and its impact on HRQoL in community-dwelling individuals with active DFUs.

IPEM code of practice for proton therapy dosimetry based on the NPL primary standard proton calorimeter calibration service.

Internationally, reference dosimetry for clinical proton beams largely follows the guidelines published by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA TRS-398 Rev. 1, 2024). This approach yields a relative standard uncertainty of 1.

Epidemiology, Ventilation Management, and Outcomes in Invasively Ventilated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: An Analysis of Four Observational Studies in Four Countries on Two Continents.

Epidemiology, ventilator management, and outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) because of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been described extensively but have never been compared between countries. We performed an individual patient data analysis of four observational studies to compare epidemiology, ventilator management, and outcomes. We used propensity score weighting to control for confounding factors.

Depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia and Malaysia: do age, diabetes duration, foot ulcers, and prescribed medication play a role?

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are susceptible to mental health issues, impacting medication adherence and diabetes control. This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with depression and anxiety among T2DM patients in Indonesia and Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Indonesia and Malaysia from October 2022 to April 2023 among T2DM patients.

Mitochondrial respiratory complex III sustains IL-10 production in activated macrophages and promotes tumor-mediated immune evasion.

The cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) limits the immune response and promotes resolution of acute inflammation. Because of its immunosuppressive effects, IL-10 up-regulation is a common feature of tumor progression and metastasis. Recently, IL-10 regulation has been shown to depend on mitochondria and redox-sensitive signals.

Triiodothyronine treatment in mice improves stroke outcome and reduces blood-brain barrier damage.

Objective Thyroid hormones (TH) control a variety of processes in the central nervous system and influence its response to different stimuli, such as ischemic stroke. Post-stroke administration of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) has been reported to substantially improve outcomes, but the optimal dosage and time window remain elusive. Methods Stroke was induced in mice by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and T3 was administered at different doses and time points before and after stroke.

Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Exploring the Scholarly Value and Impact of DNP-Prepared Nurses Through the Lens of Nursing Leaders.

Objective: To explore organizational nursing leaders' perceptions of impact, value, and support for doctor of nursing practice (DNP)-prepared nurses engaging in practice scholarship.

Background: DNP nurses are educated to lead change at the system level and direct practice-based initiatives to enhance health outcomes. Organizational support and the value of DNP scholarship need to be better understood.

I "Gut" Rhythm: the microbiota as a modulator of the stress response and circadian rhythms.

Modern habits are becoming more and more disruptive to health. As our days are often filled with circadian disruption and stress exposures, we need to understand how our responses to these external stimuli are shaped and how their mediators can be targeted to promote health. A growing body of research demonstrates the role of the gut microbiota in influencing brain function and behavior.

The effects of ultra-selective beta1-antagonism on the metabolic and cytokine profile in septic shock patients receiving noradrenaline: a sub-investigation from the STRESS-L Randomised Study.

Purpose: The landiolol and organ failure in patients with septic shock (STRESS-L study) included a pre-planned sub-study to assess the effect of landiolol treatment on inflammatory and metabolomic markers.

Methods: Samples collected from 91 patients randomised to STRESS-L were profiled for immune and metabolomic markers. A panel of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured through commercially acquired multiplex Luminex assays and statistically analysed by individual and cluster-level analysis (patient).

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Stem Cell Therapies for Pain in Diabetic Neuropathy, Osteoarthritis, and Spinal Cord Injuries.

Purpose Of Review: The use of stem cell therapy is a rapidly evolving and progressing frontier of science that has been used to treat illnesses such as malignancies, immunodeficiencies, and metabolic syndromes. This review aims to give an overview of the use of stem cell therapy in the treatment of pain caused by diabetic neuropathy, osteoarthritis, and other spinal cord pathologies.

Recent Findings: Pain is defined as a generalized or localized feeling of distress related to a physical or emotional stimulus and can be caused by a multitude of pathologies.

Long-term Outcomes of Laparoscopic Sacrohysteropexy with SERATEX SlimSling Mesh: A Retrospective Case Series.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery has evolved toward minimally invasive techniques. Laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy (LSHP) is associated with reduced morbidity and lower mesh exposure risks. This study evaluates the long-term outcomes of LSHP using the SERATEX SlimSling mesh for isolated uterine prolapse.

From human to superhuman: the impact of the microbiome on physiology.

The complex microbial community residing in the human gut has long been understood to regulate gastrointestinal physiology and to participate in digestive diseases, but its extraintestinal actions and influences are increasingly recognized. This article discusses bidirectional interactions between the gut microbiome and athletic performance, metabolism, longevity and the ability of the gut-brain axis to influence cognitive function and mental health.

Sonographer Experiences of Interprofessional Ultrasound Education: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) technology has evolved rapidly and is being embraced by many health professionals as a valuable clinical tool. Sonographers are now teaching ultrasound skills to other health professionals in the clinical setting, including doctors, nurses, midwives, paramedics, and physiotherapists. The purpose of this study was to understand the breadth of the opportunities, transitions, and challenges experienced by sonographer educators navigating new interprofessional teaching roles.

Social Support Increases Resilience and Affect in Non-Displaced Ukrainians and Refugees After a Year of War.

Background: This study investigates the impact of social support on resilience and affect among Ukrainian individuals affected by war (non-displaced persons and refugees), one year after the onset of the conflict.

Method: A total of 344 participants were recruited and categorized into two groups: non-displaced individuals and refugees. Measures included the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE), the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS).

Gaseous Synergistic Self-Assembly and Arraying to Develop Bio-Organic Photocapacitors for Neural Photostimulation.

Bioinspired supramolecular architectonics is attracting increasing interest due to their flexible organization and multifunctionality. However, state-of-the-art bioinspired architectonics generally take place in solvent-based circumstance, thus leading to achieving precise control over the self-assembly remains challenging. Moreover, the intrinsic difficulty of ordering the bio-organic self-assemblies into stable large-scale arrays in the liquid environment for engineering devices severely restricts their extensive applications.