THBS2 + cancer-associated fibroblasts promote EMT leading to oxaliplatin resistance via COL8A1-mediated PI3K/AKT activation in colorectal cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exert multiple tumor-promoting functions and are key contributors to drug resistance. The mechanisms by which specific subsets of CAFs facilitate oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully explored. This study found that THBS2 is positively associated with CAF activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance at the pan-cancer level.

Assessing the impact of different donor milk treatments on infant health and growth: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Donor human milk (DHM) is the first alternative if mother's own milk is unavailable or contraindicated. Much DHM research has focused on its nutritional, immunological and biochemical composition in response to various maternal variables, standard human milk banking procedures and storage protocols. The current systematic review protocol, however, aims to systematically gather and analyse existing data pertaining to the impact of these aforementioned factors on the clinical, health-related and developmental outcomes observed in infants fed with DHM.

Modified Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet Maintains Remission in Pediatric Crohn's Disease; Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background & Aims: The Crohn's Disease (CD) Exclusion Diet (CDED)+Partial Enteral Nutrition (PEN) is effective for inducing remission in mild-moderate CD. We assessed whether a 2-week course of Exclusive Enteral Nutrition (EEN), followed by CDED+PEN is superior to 8 weeks of EEN in sustaining clinical remission at week 14 in mild-to-severe CD and if CDED+PEN can maintain remission to week 24.

Methods: This international, multicenter, randomized-controlled trial compared 2-weeks of EEN (Modulen®IBD) followed by 3 phases of the CDED+PEN (henceforth CDED) to 8 weeks of EEN, followed by PEN with free diet up to week 24 (henceforth EEN).

Converting multiple hydrophobic aromatic plastic monomers into a single water-soluble substrate to increase bioavailability for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates by bacteria using batch, fed batch and continuous cultivation.

We demonstrate the proof of concept of increasing the bioavailability of carbon substrates, derived from plastic waste, for their conversion to the biodegradable polymer polyhydroxyalkanoate [PHA] by bacteria and test various approaches to PHA accumulation through batch, fed batch and continuous culture. Styrene, ethylbenzene, and toluene are produced from the pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste (Kaminsky, 2021; Miandad et al., 2017), but they are volatile and poorly soluble in water making them difficult to work with in aqueous fermentation systems.

Seasonal variation in the incidence of preterm births.

Objectives: To examine the influence of the season of conception, and the season of birth on the incidence of preterm birth (PTB) and neonatal outcomes.

Study Design: This is a single center, retrospective cohort study of singleton births that took place in The Coombe Hospital in Dublin, Ireland, between January 2013 and December 2022. A comprehensive database was analyzed to determine the incidence of PTB per season of conception and season of birth.

Effectiveness of rehabilitation programmes targeting quality of life, psychological wellbeing, and functional capacity in pulmonary embolism survivors; a systematic review and best evidence synthesis.

Background: Half of people post pulmonary embolism (PE) experience ongoing symptoms such as dyspnoea, anxiety and depression, exercise limitation and fatigue. These symptoms can reduce their quality of life (QoL), psychological wellbeing, and functional capacity. The efficacy of rehabilitation interventions to prevent and manage these symptoms has not been established.

Being Popular and Being Liked: Goals, Behaviors, and Norm Salience.

Youth's social status (popularity and likability) relates with social status goals as well as bullying and prosocial behaviors within the context of classroom norms for bullying and prosocial behaviors, but less clear is how each of these factors interrelates with each other. The current study empirically analyses the concurrent relationships among social status goals, bullying and prosocial behaviors, and classroom norms with social status. Participants were a nationally representative sample of 6,421 Slovenian early adolescents (50% females; M = 13 years; SD = 6 months).

The history and development of Irish orthopaedics: a descriptive review.

From'grave diggers' to a 'Trauma System for Ireland', the history of Irish orthopaedics is a unique and fascinating story. This story has developed over decades and centuries, with many late and great surgeons and trainers playing major roles in developing our orthopaedic services nationally, as we know them today. The authors acknowledge that it would be wrong to think that a 1500-word review could provide an in-depth, yet comprehensive, discussion of all topics past and present of celebration, deliberation and further debate, related to orthopaedic surgery in Ireland.

Protective role of Angiogenin in muscle regeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neuromuscular disease with no effective treatments, in part caused by variations in progression and the absence of biomarkers. Mice carrying the SOD1G93A transgene with different genetic backgrounds show variable disease rates, reflecting the diversity of patients. While extensive research has been done on the involvement of the central nervous system, the role of skeletal muscle remains underexplored.

Outliers of Treatment Frequency in Retinal Vein Occlusion: 24-Month Comparative Analysis of Fight Retinal Blindness! Practitioners.

Background: We aimed to describe a 2-year outcome of eyes managed by practitioners benchmarked using a funnel plot by their frequency of treatment using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors for naive retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: A multicentre, international, observational study of 29 doctors in 12 countries managing 1110 eyes with RVO commencing VEGF inhibitors between 1 January 2012-2022 tracked in the Fight Retinal Blindness! registry.

Results: We identified 3 outlying 'intensive' practitioners (managing 350/1110 eyes [32%]), 22 'typical' practitioners (604/1110, [54%]) and 4 outlying 'relaxed' practitioners (156/1110, [14%]) with respective 24-month outcomes in Branch and Central RVO including the primary outcome, mean adjusted change in visual acuity (VA) in BRVO: +16.

Self-monitoring of blood pressure following a stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TASMIN5S): a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Blood pressure (BP) control following stroke is important but currently sub-optimal. This trial aimed to determine whether self-monitoring of hypertension with telemonitoring and a treatment escalation protocol, results in lower BP than usual care in people with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).

Methods: Unblinded randomised controlled trial, comparing a BP telemonitoring-based intervention with control (usual care) for hypertension management in 12 primary care practices in England.

Structural inequality linked to brain volume and network dynamics in aging and dementia across the Americas.

Structural inequality, the uneven distribution of resources and opportunities, influences health outcomes. However, the biological embedding of structural inequality in aging and dementia, especially among underrepresented populations, is unclear. We examined the association between structural inequality (country-level and state-level Gini indices) and brain volume and connectivity in 2,135 healthy controls, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobe degeneration from Latin America and the United States.

Macular patterns of neuronal and visual field loss in recovered optic neuritis identified by machine learning.

We used machine learning to investigate the residual visual field (VF) deficits and macula retinal ganglion cell (RGC) thickness loss patterns in recovered optic neuritis (ON). We applied archetypal analysis (AA) to 377 same-day pairings of 10-2 VF and optical coherence tomography (OCT) macula images from 93 ON eyes and 70 normal fellow eyes ≥ 90 days after acute ON. We correlated archetype (AT) weights (total weight = 100%) of VFs and total retinal thickness (TRT), inner retinal thickness (IRT), and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness.

Click Chemistry Methodology: The Novel Paintbrush of Drug Design.

Click chemistry is an immensely powerful technique for the synthesis of reliable and efficient covalent linkages. When undertaken in living cells, the concept is thereby coined bioorthogonal chemistry. Used in conjunction with the photo-cross-linking methodology, it serves as a sound strategy in the exploration of biological processes and beyond.

Review of the 'second degree' universities of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) specialists and trainees in the UK. Locations of their graduate entry medicine and graduate entry dentistry degrees, graduating between 1979-2019.

By spending 3-5 years in a single location studying for their second degree, OMFS trainees often put down domestic roots which they are reluctant to pull up to complete their training elsewhere. The universities at which OMFS specialists/trainees obtained their second degrees were assembled using the General Medical Council's OMFS specialist list, the General Dental Council's Dental Register and a database of OMFS trainees and consultants. The second degrees of 818 past and current OMFS specialists/trainees were analysed.

Haematological deterioration of Hematodinium-infected decapod crustaceans.

Parasitic dinoflagellates, namely Hematodinium spp., infect a growing number of decapod crustacean species worldwide. These parasites represent a longstanding concern for fisheries in Europe and North America, and an emerging concern for aqua/polyculture systems in Asia.

Factors influencing the healthcare programme selection of students in an Irish university.

Background: Globally, there is a rapidly increasing proportion of women studying and practising healthcare. This has been accompanied by a reducing proportion of males in most healthcare professions. This has been a contributory factor to the decreasing health staffing due to the tendency of females to work fewer hours and leave their profession earlier.

Values associated with Nordic Walking: An international cross-sectional survey among individuals practicing walking with poles.

Introduction: The article is devoted to the sociological exploration of the social phenomenon that Nordic Walking has become in Europe and worldwide over the recent decades.

Aim: It is based on the results of original international sociological research study on the issue of sociodemographic profiles of Nordic Walkers in the context of the values associated with this sports activity.

Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study with convenience sampling study was performed among 416 Poles, 132 Europeans from 11 countries (Germany, the UK, Spain, France, Italy, Portugal, Ireland, Denmark, Austria, Sweden, and Norway), and 212 participants from 5 non-European countries (the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan).

Socioeconomic and behavioral factors of hypertension among Indian tribal population: Evidence from national family health survey 5.

Background: All Indian ethnic groups are experiencing an upsurge in the prevalence of hypertension. The objective of the present study was to explore the association between socioeconomic and behavioral factors of hypertension among the tribal population of India.

Methods: We used the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) round 5 data conducted in 2019-2021.

Knee pain and function in retired male intercounty GAA players: an exploratory study.

Background: Knee injuries are common among elite intercounty Gaelic games players (collectively GAA players).

Aims: The primary aim was to examine knee pain, function, and quality of life in retired elite male GAA players. Secondary objectives were to (i) report the incidence of previous knee surgery and total knee replacement, (ii) assess medication usage, and (iii) investigate any associations between a history of knee injury and/or knee surgery and knee pain, function, and quality of life among retired elite male GAA players.

The Acute Effect of Different Cluster Set Intra-Set Rest Interval Configurations on Mechanical Power Measures During a Flywheel Resistance Training Session.

The aim of this study was to compare the acute effect of three cluster set (CS) intra-set rest intervals (15 s, 30 s, and 45 s) on mechanical performance measures during a flywheel resistance training session. Twelve amateur male field sport athletes attended three training measurement sessions (separated by 14 days of wash-out), consisting of four sets of nine repetitions (as cluster-blocks: 3 + 3 + 3), using a 0.050 kg·m inertial load.

Gender and Intersecting Barriers and Facilitators to Access the HIV Cascade of Care in Manitoba, Canada, Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study.

Marginalized groups in Manitoba, Canada, especially females and people who inject drugs, are overrepresented in new HIV diagnoses and disproportionately affected by HIV and structural disadvantages. Informed by syndemic theory, our aim was to understand people living with HIV's (PLHIV) gendered and intersecting barriers and facilitators across the cascade of HIV care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was co-designed and co-led alongside people with lived experience and a research advisory committee.

The Role of Snake Venom Proteins in Inducing Inflammation Post-Envenomation: An Overview on Mechanistic Insights and Treatment Strategies.

The intricate combination of organic and inorganic compounds found in snake venom includes proteins, peptides, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleotides, and metal ions. These components work together to immobilise and consume prey through processes such as paralysis and hypotension. Proteins, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic, form the primary components of the venom.

Enlightening Hidden Nursing Care in Nurse-Led Clinics and See & Treat: An Observational Multicenter Protocol Study in Italy.

The limited and inconsistent adoption and regulation of nurse-led clinics (NLCs) and "See & Treat" (S&T) services in Italy needs to be explored considering their value towards patients' outcomes acknowledged in the literature. This study aims to explore the phenomenon of hidden nursing activities (HNAs) in these settings, hypothesizing that features and activities performed in these settings are heterogeneous across the country and widely underreported or attributed to other professionals than nurses. HNAs are hypothesized to be associated with a poor work environment climate and nurses' low job satisfaction.