What about the Workers? An Update.

Epidemiological studies of nuclear industry workers are of substantial importance to understanding the risk of cancer consequent to low-level exposure to radiation, and these studies should provide vital evidence for the construction of the international system of radiological protection. Recent studies involve large numbers of workers and include health outcomes for workers who accumulated moderate (and even high) doses over prolonged periods while employed during the earlier years of the nuclear industry. The interpretation of the findings of these recent studies has proved to be disappointingly difficult.

Direct and indirect association of domestic violence against women and severe maternal morbidity: A case-control study.

This study aimed to investigate the direct association between domestic violence and the indirect association of exposure through pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal risk factors with severe maternal morbidity (SMM). The target population of this case-control study included all women who gave birth in the hospitals of the Torbat Heidarieh University of Medical Science from June 2018 to May 2020. A total of 123 mothers with SMM according to the World Health Organization criteria were selected as cases, and 127 mothers who did not meet the World Health Organization criteria were included in the control group.

Desmopressin prescription safety in adult inpatients: a real-world tertiary centre experience.

Omissions or delays in desmopressin can result in serious patient harm in patients with Arginine-Vasopressin Deficiency (AVP-D), formally known as Cranial Diabetes Insipidus (CDI). Desmopressin administration practice in hospitals has not been thoroughly investigated previously. This study evaluated desmopressin prescription and administration practice at a large tertiary centre.

Surgical Site Infection after Craniotomy in Neuro-Oncology (SINO): A protocol for an international prospective multicentre service evaluation across the United Kingdom and Ireland.

Introduction: Given its proximity to the central nervous system, surgical site infections (SSIs) after craniotomy (SSI-CRAN) represent a serious adverse event. SSI-CRAN are associated with substantial patient morbidity and mortality. Despite the recognition of SSI in other surgical fields, there is a paucity of evidence in the neurosurgical literature devoted to skin closure, specifically in patients with brain tumors.

An analytical model of label-free nanoscale chemical imaging reveals avenues toward improved spatial resolution and sensitivity.

Atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) is a photothermal scanning probe technique that combines nanoscale spatial resolution with the chemical analysis capability of mid-infrared spectroscopy. Using this hybrid technique, chemical identification down to the single molecule level has been demonstrated. However, the mechanism at the heart of AFM-IR, the transduction of local photothermal heating to cantilever deflection, is still not fully understood.

Associations between the gut microbiome, inflammation and cardiovascular profiles in people with HIV.

Background: Inflammation and innate immune activation are associated with chronic HIV infection, despite effective treatment. Although gut microbiota alterations are linked to systemic inflammation, the relationships between the gut microbiome, inflammation and HIV remain unclear.

Methods: The UPBEAT-CAD sub-study, examining cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in HIV, enrolled participants matched on HIV status and traditional CVD risk factors.

Inulin Dehydration to 5-HMF in Deep Eutectic Solvents Catalyzed by Acidic Ionic Liquids Under Mild Conditions.

Valorization of carbohydrate-rich biomass by conversion into industrially relevant products is at the forefront of research in sustainable chemistry. In this work, we studied the inulin conversion into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, in deep eutectic solvents, in the presence of acidic task-specific ionic liquids as catalysts. We employed aliphatic and aromatic ionic liquids as catalysts, and choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents bearing glycols or carboxylic acids, as solvents.

SMARCB1-deficient malignant melanocytic uveal tumours: a new neural crest-derived tumour entity with SMARCB1-related germline predisposition.

Rhabdoid tumours (RT) are an aggressive malignancy affecting <2-year-old infants, characterised by biallelic loss-of-function alterations in SWI/SNF-related BAF chromatin remodelling complex subunit B1 (SMARCB1) in nearly all cases. Germline SMARCB1 alterations are found in ~30% of patients and define the RT Predisposition Syndrome type 1 (RTPS1). Uveal melanoma (UVM), the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults, does not harbour SMARCB1 alterations.

Optimizing Post-activation Performance Enhancement in Athletic Tasks: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis for Prescription Variables and Research Methods.

Background: Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) has demonstrated efficacy in acutely improving athletic performance. However, its distinction from general warm-up (GW) effects remains ambiguous, and experimental designs adopted in most PAPE studies exhibit important limitations.

Objectives: The aims of this work are to (i) examine the effects of research methodology on PAPE outcomes, (ii) explore PAPE outcomes in relation to comparison methods, performance measures, GW comprehensiveness, recovery duration, participants' characteristics, conditioning activity (CA) parameters, and (iii) make recommendations for future PAPE experimental designs on the basis of the results of the meta-analysis.

Treatment of peri-implant mucositis using an Er:YAG laser or an ultrasonic device: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: The study assessed the clinical outcomes following treatment of peri-implant mucositis using Er:YAG laser or an ultrasonic device over six months. Patients' experience of pain, aesthetics, and Quality of life were further assessed.

Methods: One dental implant, per included patient, diagnosed with peri-implant mucositis underwent treatment with an Er:YAG laser (test) or an ultrasonic scaler (control) randomly.

Pollen-Derived Fatty Acids and Amino Acids Mediate Variance in Pollinator Visitation.

Pollinators help maintain functional landscapes and are sensitive to floral nutritional quality. Both proteins and lipids influence pollinator foraging, but the role of individual biochemical components in pollen remains unclear. We conducted an experiment comprising common garden plots of six plant species (Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Onagraceae, Boraginaceae, and Plantaginaceae).

Does physical activity level and total energy expenditure relate to food intake, appetite, and body composition in healthy older adults? A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: With ageing, older adults (≥ 65 years) may experience decreased appetite, contributing to declines in body weight and muscle mass, potentially affecting physical capabilities. Physical activity (PA) has been suggested as a potential strategy to enhance appetite in older adults, but evidence supporting this is insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PA levels, total energy expenditure (TEE), body composition, energy intake (EI) and appetite in older adults.

Bovine dairy products and flow mediated dilation (FMD): a systematic review of the published evidence.

Purpose: Evidence suggests bovine dairy products may have neutral or beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health, despite being a source of saturated fat. The dairy matrix, the structure and combination of protein, fat, and other nutrients, and how they interact with each other, is purported to be responsible for these beneficial health effects. Whether this relationship extends to endothelial function, as assessed by flow mediated dilation (FMD), remains to be elucidated.

The Effector Protease FgTPP1 Suppresses Immune Responses and Facilitates Fusarium Head Blight Disease.

Most plant pathogens secrete effector proteins to circumvent host immune responses, thereby promoting pathogen virulence. One such pathogen is the fungus , which causes Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) disease on wheat and barley. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that expresses many candidate effector proteins during early phases of the infection process, some of which are annotated as proteases.

The Impact of COVID-19 on DTP3 Vaccination Coverage in Europe (2012-2023).

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine child immunization efforts, threatening to reverse progress in controlling vaccine-preventable diseases.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on DTP3 vaccination in Europe by comparing trends before and after the pandemic using time series data from 2000 to 2023. Employing joinpoint regression, chi-square tests, and segmented regression analysis, we assessed DTP3 vaccination trends and coverage changes.

A Scoping Review of Educational and Training Interventions on Parkinson's Disease for Staff in Care Home Settings.

Background/objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that presents significant challenges for care home residents and staff. This scoping review aimed to synthesize evidence on PD education and training available to care home staff, examine existing programs and their effectiveness, and identify gaps in current educational approaches.

Methods: A scoping review (ScR) was conducted and guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for ScR (PRISMA-ScR) checklist.

Antimicrobial Activities of Polysaccharide-Rich Extracts from the Irish Seaweed , Generated Using Green and Conventional Extraction Technologies, Against Foodborne Pathogens.

A rise in antimicrobial resistance coupled with consumer preferences towards natural preservatives has resulted in increased research towards investigating antimicrobial compounds from natural sources such as macroalgae (seaweeds), which contain antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer compounds. This study investigates the antimicrobial activity of compounds produced by the Irish seaweed against and , bacterial species which are relevant for food safety. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE), and conventional extraction technologies (maceration) were applied to generate extracts from , followed by their preliminary chemical composition (total phenolic content, total protein content, total soluble sugars) and antimicrobial activity (with minimum inhibitory concentration determined by broth microdilution methods), examining also the molecular weight distribution (via high performance size exclusion chromatography) and oligosaccharide fraction composition (via high-performance liquid chromatography) of the polysaccharides, as they were the predominant compounds in these extracts, aiming to elucidate structure-function relationships.

Anthoteibinenes F-Q: New Sesquiterpenes from the Irish Deep-Sea Coral .

New technology has opened opportunities for research and exploration of deep-water ecosystems, highlighting deep-sea coral reefs as a rich source of novel bioactive natural products. During our ongoing investigation of the chemodiversity of the Irish deep sea and the soft coral we report 12 unreported cadinene-like functionalized sesquiterpenes, anthoteibinenes F-Q. The metabolites were isolated using both bioassay- and H NMR-guided approaches.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Heart Failure Patients with Implantable Pulmonary Artery Pressure Monitors: A Single Centre Irish Experience.

Hospitalisation for acute decompensated heart failure (HF) portends a poor prognosis. Fluid retention manifesting in dyspnoea and oedema are important clinical features of decompensated heart failure and drive hospital admissions. Intracardiac and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) monitoring can help predict heart failure decompensation, as changes in these haemodynamics occur before clinical congestion manifests.

A STEDable BF-Azadipyrromethene Fluorophore for Nuclear Membrane and Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Imaging.

The endoplasmic reticulum and the internal nuclear compartments are intrinsically connected through the nuclear membrane, pores and lamina. High resolution imaging of each of these cellular features concurrently remains a significant challenge. To that end we have developed a new molecular nuclear membrane-endoplasmic reticulum (NM-ER) staining fluorophore with emission maxima at 650 nm.

Patient-Specific Variability in Interleukin-6 and Myeloperoxidase Responses in Osteoarthritis: Insights from Synthetic Data and Clustering Analysis.

This study investigated the inflammatory responses of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) isolated from osteoarthritis (OA) patients, stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Both experimental and synthetic data were utilised to investigate the variability in IL-6 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) production and its implications for OA pathogenesis. Synovial biopsies were obtained from OA patients undergoing joint replacement surgery.

Postdigital Bystanding: Youth Experiences of Sexual Violence Workshops in Schools in England, Ireland, and Canada.

In this paper, we report on creative- and arts-based sexual violence and bystander intervention workshops we developed and researched in England, Ireland, and Canada, through evaluation surveys, observations, and focus group interviews with nearly 1200 young people (aged 13-18). Whist the young people generally reported benefitting from the intervention, in the context of increasing use of digital technologies amongst youth, we explore the context-specific challenges they faced in learning about and being supported through bystander strategies across a wide range of diverse school spaces. We use the term postdigital bystanding to explicitly explore how teen's digital networks are often connected to the school-based 'real life' peer group, in ways that complicate clear distinctions between online and offline, arguing that these postdigital dynamics have not yet been adequately considered in bystanding interventions.

Eco-Friendly Hydrogels Loading Polyphenols-Composed Biomimetic Micelles for Topical Administration of Resveratrol and Rutin.

In this study, we describe the development of hydrogel formulations composed of micelles loading two natural antioxidants-resveratrol and rutin-and the evaluation of the effect of a by-product on the rheological and textural properties of the developed semi-solids. This approach aims to associate the advantages of hydrogels for topical administration of drugs and of lipid micelles that mimic skin composition for the delivery of poorly water-soluble compounds in combination therapy. Biomimetic micelles composed of L-α-phosphatidylcholine loaded with two distinct polyphenols (one non-flavonoid and one flavonoid) were produced using hot shear homogenisation followed by the ultrasonication method.

Release Profile and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil-Incorporated, Optimally Stabilized Type I Collagen Hydrogels.

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the drastically increasing major global health threats due to the misuse and overuse of antibiotics as traditional antimicrobial agents, which render urgent the need for alternative and safer antimicrobial agents, such as essential oils (EOs). Although the strong antimicrobial activity of various EOs has already been studied and revealed, their characteristic high sensitivity and volatility drives the need towards a more efficient drug administration method via a biomaterial system. Herein, the potential of EO incorporated in functionalized antibacterial collagen hydrogels was investigated.