CompSafeNano project: NanoInformatics approaches for safe-by-design nanomaterials.

The CompSafeNano project, a Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) project funded under the European Union's Horizon 2020 program, aims to advance the safety and innovation potential of nanomaterials (NMs) by integrating cutting-edge nanoinformatics, computational modelling, and predictive toxicology to enable design of safer NMs at the earliest stage of materials development. The project leverages Safe-by-Design (SbD) principles to ensure the development of inherently safer NMs, enhancing both regulatory compliance and international collaboration. By building on established nanoinformatics frameworks, such as those developed in the H2020-funded projects NanoSolveIT and NanoCommons, CompSafeNano addresses critical challenges in nanosafety through development and integration of innovative methodologies, including advanced models, approaches including machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven predictive models and 1st-principles computational modelling of NMs properties, interactions and effects on living systems.

Secondary Healing Over NovoSorb BTM in the Management of Complex Nasal Defects.

Background: The use of PolyNovo NovoSorb biodegradable temporizing matrix (BTM) has become popular for the management of complex wounds, often with the subsequent application of a split-thickness skin graft. To date, there are no published case series describing healing via secondary intention over BTM in the management of small, complex nasal wounds following excision of skin malignancy in the elective setting.

Methods: This study consisted of a single-center, consecutive case series.

Geochemical signatures and nanomechanical properties of echinoid tests from nearshore habitats of Florida: environmental and physiological controls on echinoid biomineralization.

The mechanisms that regulate minor and trace element biomineralization in the echinoid skeleton can be primarily controlled biologically (, by the organism and its vital effects) or by extrinsic environmental factors. Assessing the relative role of those controls is essential for understanding echinoid biomineralization, taphonomy, diagenesis, and their potential as geochemical archives. In this study, we (1) contrast geochemical signatures of specimens collected across multiple taxa and environmental settings to assess the effects of environmental and physiological factors on skeletal biomineralogy; and (2) analyze the nanomechanical properties of the echinoid skeleton to assess potential linkages between magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios and skeletal nanohardness.

Do Child-Turcotte-Pugh and nutritional assessments predict survival in cirrhosis: A longitudinal study.

Background: Cirrhotic patients face heightened energy demands, leading to rapid glycogen depletion, protein degradation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which drive disease progression and complications. These disruptions cause cellular damage and parenchymal changes, resulting in vascular alterations, portal hypertension, and liver dysfunction, significantly affecting patient prognosis.

Aim: To analyze the association between Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores and different nutritional indicators with survival in a 15-year follow-up cohort.

Experiences and overall impact reported by people living with obesity: results from a multinational study.

Objectives: To explore the impact of obesity on clinical outcomes, health-related quality of life, emotional well-being, and work productivity in people/patients with obesity across six countries by body mass index and the presence of complications.

Methods: Adelphi Real World Obesity Disease Specific Programme™ captured data related to physicians and their consulting people/patients with obesity on a weight management program or anti-obesity medication in Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates from April to December 2022. Physicians reported data for up to eight qualifying people/patients with obesity.

The Impact of Menopause on the Mental Health of Women With an Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review.

Background: Negative mental health implications of menopause found in the general population, combined with high rates of mental health conditions found in women with intellectual disabilities, provide rationale to examine the existing literature to determine the impact of menopause on women with intellectual disabilities.

Methods: The review was conducted using scoping review methodology by Arksey and O'Malley. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases.

Cleft Lip and Palate Research in the United Kingdom: Advances in Clinical Psychological Knowledge and Future Directions.

In 2012, the James Lind Alliance (JLA) worked with individuals with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), their families and clinicians to identify priority areas for future research. This article reviews progress conducted in the United Kingdom in the 3 JLA priorities most closely related to Clinical Psychology. It then builds upon the original priorities to identify 4 future directions, based on contemporary literature and in-depth discussions between clinical and research experts.

Downregulation of AATK enhances susceptibility to ferroptosis by promoting endosome recycling in gefitinib-resistant lung cancer cells.

Ferroptosis has been characterised by disruption of the cell membrane through iron-related lipid peroxidation. However, regulation of iron homeostasis in lung cancer cells that are resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) remains unclear. Transcriptome analysis identified a significant downregulation of apoptosis-associated tyrosine kinase (AATK) mRNA expression in gefitinib-resistant PC9 (PC9-GR) cells, which were found to be more susceptible to ferroptosis inducers.

Shaping the future rural healthcare landscape: perspectives of young healthcare professionals.

Introduction: Rural communities continue to struggle to access quality healthcare services. Even in countries where the majority of the population live in rural and remote areas, resources are concentrated in big cities, and this is continuing. As a result, countries with the highest proportion of rural residents correlate with the poorest access, which has negative implications for the health and wellbeing of people.

Enhancing the understanding of safety and the quality of patient care among medical and health sciences students in interprofessional climate: an interventional study.

Background: Interprofessional education (IPE) plays an essential role in improving healthcare outcomes through achieving shared understanding. Unfortunately, most healthcare professionals have not received training for patient safety (PS) in an interprofessional setting, which can meet the societal medical needs. This study aimed to foster the understanding of senior medical, dental, pharmacy and health sciences students about PS and quality of care at the University of Sharjah (UoS) in UAE.

Breastfeeding with primary low milk supply: a phenomenological exploration of mothers' lived experiences of postnatal breastfeeding support.

Background: Most women can produce enough milk to exclusively breastfeed. However, a small cohort are prevented from doing so due to a condition known as primary low milk supply. The aim of the study was to provide new insights into how mothers with this condition experience help and support from professionals, volunteer support groups, and partners.

Decision-making regarding place of end-of-life care for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions: a systematic integrative review.

Background: Due to medical advancements the number of children living with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions is rising, meaning more children and their families will require palliative and end-of-life care in the future. While 'home' is often the preferred place of end-of-life care, the evidence around best practice for decision-making about place of end-of-life care remains inadequate.

Aim: To synthesise evidence on the factors influencing decision-making regarding place of end-of-life care for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions.

Gut-brain axis and neuropsychiatric health: recent advances.

The gut–brain axis, a bidirectional communication pathway, permits the central nervous system (CNS) to exert influence over gastrointestinal function in response to stress, while the gut microbiota regulates the CNS via immune, neuroendocrine, and vagal pathways. Current research highlights the importance of the gut microbiota in stress-related disorders and the need for further research into the mechanisms of gut–brain communication, with potential therapeutic implications for a wide range of health conditions. This is a challenge taken on in this Collection on the Gut-Brain Axis.

The Soundtrack of a Clinic Day.

There is a hum and drum to the clinical day, sounds and rhythms that pervade physician and patient's soundscape. We hear but we do not listen. The soundtrack of the daily grind is experienced as an audio blanket of white noise.

Applications of modified lignocellulose and its composites prepared by different pretreatments in biomedicine: A review.

Lignocellulosic biomass represents one of the most abundant renewable biological resources on earth. Despite its current underutilization as a source of high-value chemicals, it has promising applications in biomedical and other fields. Presently, lignocellulose is predominantly transformed into high-value-added products, e.

An in-situ forming controlled release soft hydrogel-based C5a peptidase drug delivery system to treat psoriasis.

The potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), is an enticing therapeutic target because of its accelerator role in several acute and chronic inflammatory processes. In this work, poloxamer 407 is developed as an in-situ gelling polymer for a long-acting formulation to deliver a serine protease, C5a peptidase (ScpA) from Streptococcus pyogenes. ScpA is well known for its activity against the complement factor C5a but has also recently been shown to cleave IFN-γ in vitro into inactive fragments.

Running Low: A Seasonal Analysis of Micronutrient Deficiencies on External-Load Measures in Elite Female Rugby League Players.

Unlabelled: Iron and vitamin D are essential for physiological mechanisms underpinning physical capacities characterizing team-sport performance. Yet, the impact of iron deficiency on physical capacities beyond endurance is not clear.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess variations in seasonal micronutrient concentrations and how iron deficiency impacts external-load measures in elite female rugby league players.

Pitfalls and practical suggestions for using local field potential recordings in DBS clinical practice and research.

Local field potential (LFP) recordings using chronically implanted sensing-enabled stimulators are a powerful tool for indexing symptom presence and severity in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, and for enhancing our neurophysiological understanding of brain processes. LFPs have gained interest as input signals for closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) and can be used to inform DBS parameter selection. LFP recordings using chronically implanted sensing-enabled stimulators have various implementational challenges.

Pulse-by-pulse treatment planning and its application to generic observations of ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) radiotherapy with photons and protons.

The exact temporal characteristics of beam delivery affect the efficacy and outcome of ultra-high dose rate (UHDR or "FLASH") radiotherapy, mainly due to the influence of the beam pulse structure on mean dose rate. Single beams may also be delivered in separate treatment sessions to elevate mean dose rate. This paper therefore describes a model for pulse-by-pulse treatment planning and demonstrates its application by making some generic observations of the characteristics of FLASH radiotherapy with photons and protons.

Mean-field approximation for networks with synchrony-driven adaptive coupling.

Synaptic plasticity plays a fundamental role in neuronal dynamics, governing how connections between neurons evolve in response to experience. In this study, we extend a network model of θ-neuron oscillators to include a realistic form of adaptive plasticity. In place of the less tractable spike-timing-dependent plasticity, we employ recently validated phase-difference-dependent plasticity rules, which adjust coupling strengths based on the relative phases of θ-neuron oscillators.

Effects of daylong exposure to indoor overheating on enterocyte damage and inflammatory responses in older adults: A randomized crossover trial.

We evaluated enterocyte damage (IFABP), microbial translocation (sCD14), and inflammatory responses (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP) in 16 older adults (66-78 years) during 8 hours rest in conditions simulating homes maintained at 22°C (control), the 26°C indoor temperature upper limit proposed by health agencies, and homes without air-conditioning during heatwaves (31°C, 36°C). Relative to 22°C, IFABP was elevated ~181 pg/mL after exposure to 31°C (P=0.07), and by ~378 pg/mL (P<0.

Elective Discontinuation of Larotrectinib in Pediatric Patients With TRK Fusion Sarcomas and Related Mesenchymal Tumors.

Larotrectinib is a highly selective tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor with efficacy in children with TRK fusion tumors. We evaluated patient outcomes after elective discontinuation of larotrectinib in the absence of disease progression in a protocol-defined wait-and-see subset analysis of eligible patients where treatment resumption with larotrectinib was allowed if disease progressed. We also assessed the safety and efficacy of larotrectinib in all pediatric patients with sarcoma.

Intraspecific Variation and Recent Loss of Ancient, Conserved Effector Genes in the Sudden Oak Death Pathogen .

Members of the genus are responsible for many important diseases in agricultural and natural ecosystems. causes devastating diseases of oak, and tanoak stands in US forests and larch in the UK. The four evolutionary lineages involved express different virulence phenotypes on plant hosts, and characterization of gene content is foundational to understanding the basis for these differences.