Recent updates on plant protein-based dairy cheese alternatives: outlook and challenges.

In response to population growth, ethical considerations, and the environmental impacts of animal proteins, researchers are intensifying efforts to find alternative protein sources that replicate the functionality and nutritional profile of animal proteins. In this regard, plant-based cheese alternatives are becoming increasingly common in the marketplace, as one of the emerging dairy-free products. However, the dairy industry faces challenges in developing dairy-free products alternatives that meet the demands of customers with specific lifestyles or diets, ensure sustainability, and retain traditional customers.

Lives of Irish Adolescents Who Were Born With a Cleft (LIA-Cleft).

Objective: The objective was to describe the lives of adolescents, who were born with cleft lip and palate (CL/P), in comparison to the general population as recorded in Growing up in Ireland (GUI), the national longitudinal study of children and youth.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study. The study was performed in a cleft center at a university teaching hospital.

Estrogen Deficiency alters Vascularization and Mineralization dynamics: insight from a novel 3D Humanized and Vascularized Bone Organoid Model.

Osteoporosis is not merely a disease of bone loss but also involves changes in the mineral composition of the bone that remains. studies have investigated these changes and revealed that estrogen deficiency alters osteoblast mineral deposition, osteocyte mechanosensitivity and osteocyte regulation of osteoclastogenesis. During healthy bone development, vascular cells stimulate bone mineralization via endochondral ossification, but estrogen deficiency impairs vascularization.

Factors Associated With Cocaine Use at 17 and 20 Years Old: A Longitudinal Analysis of a Nationally Representative Cohort.

Purpose: Despite growing concerns about trends in cocaine use, there is a shortage of longitudinal research that prospectively examines risk and protective factors associated with cocaine initiation and use in general youth populations. This study addresses this gap.

Methods: Growing Up in Ireland is a nationally representative cohort.

Efficacy, durability and safety of faricimab for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: 48-week results from the phase 3 LUCERNE China subpopulation.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, durability and safety of intravitreal faricimab versus aflibercept over 48 weeks in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) from the LUCERNE China subpopulation.

Design: LUCERNE (NCT03823300) was a phase 3 global, double-masked, active comparator-controlled trial. The China subpopulation comprised patients from mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong.

The maturation state and density of human cartilage microtissues influence their fusion and development into scaled-up grafts.

Functional cartilaginous tissues can potentially be engineered by bringing together numerous microtissues (µTs) and allowing them to fuse and re-organize into larger, structurally organized grafts. The maturation level of individual microtissues is known to influence their capacity to fuse, however its impact on the long-term development of the resulting tissue remains unclear. The first objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the maturation state of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBM-MSCSs) derived microtissues on their fusion capacity and the phenotype of the final engineered tissue.

Short communication: Genomic prediction based on unbiased estimation of the genomic relationship matrix in pigs.

The traditional genomic relationship matrix (GRM) has shown to be a biased estimation of true kinship, which can affect subsequent genetic analyses. In this study, we employed an unbiased kinship (UKin) estimation method within the genomic best linear unbiased prediction framework to evaluate its prediction performance on both a simulated dataset and a Large White pig dataset. The simulated dataset encompasses six traits, 900 quantitative trait loci, and 36 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Expanding the practice placement capacity in pre-registration midwifery education: A scoping review.

Background: Practice placements are an essential component of midwifery education, enabling students to apply their theoretical knowledge in a real-world midwifery setting. Exposure and immersion to practice is a core focus of midwifery education internationally. These placements are crucial for students to develop the skills and expertise needed to become safe, competent, and compassionate midwife practitioners.

Towards a Platform Chromatography Purification Process for Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV).

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a versatile viral vector technology that can be engineered for specific functionality in vaccine and gene therapy applications. One of the major challenges in AAV production is the need for a GMP-ready platform-based approach to downstream processing, as this would lead to a standardized method for multiple products. Chromatography has huge potential in AAV purification, as it is a scalable method that would enable manufacturing to a high degree of purity, potency, and consistency.

Olaparib as treatment for platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer by BRCA mutation and homologous recombination deficiency: Phase 2 LIGHT study final overall survival analysis.

Background: LIGHT (oLaparib In HRD-Grouped Tumor types; NCT02983799) prospectively evaluated olaparib treatment in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC) assigned to cohorts by known BRCA mutation (BRCAm) and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status: germline BRCAm (gBRCAm), somatic BRCAm (sBRCAm), HRD-positive non-BRCAm, and HRD-negative. At the primary analysis, olaparib treatment demonstrated activity across all cohorts, with greatest efficacy in terms of objective response rate and progression-free survival observed in the g/sBRCAm cohorts. The authors report final overall survival (OS).

Leaf Size Determines Damage- and Herbivore-Induced Volatile Emissions in Maize.

Stress-induced plant volatiles play an important role in mediating ecological interactions between plants and their environment. The timing and location of the inflicted damage is known to influence the quality and quantity of induced volatile emissions. However, how leaf characteristics and herbivore feeding behaviour interact to shape volatile emissions is not well understood.

Synergistic and off-target effects of bacteriocins in a simplified human intestinal microbiome: implications for infection control.

is a major cause of nosocomial diarrhea. As current antibiotic treatment failures and recurrence of infections are highly frequent, alternative strategies are needed for the treatment of this disease. This study explores the use of bacteriocins, specifically lacticin 3147 and pediocin PA-1, which have reported inhibitory activity against .

Fertility preservation in female cancer patients: Surgical procedures.

The surgical management of cancer patients wishing fertility preservation is multidisciplinary, involving surgeon, anesthetist, hematologist, and nursing and laboratory staff. Many oncology patients have a multitude of medical or surgical conditions that require careful planning of all therapy including surgical removal of reproductive material, either oocytes or ovarian tissue. The significant risks related to either transvaginal or abdominal surgery should be discussed and documented and the final decision to proceed must be balanced against the risks, including death.

Fertility preservation in cancer patients: Data collection, analysis, and continuous improvement of cryostorage.

Data collection from all referred patients allows continuous learning and improvement of services. Patient safety and return for cancer therapy takes priority in all oncofertility services. In certain cases, the intervention for female patients is contraindicated and, aside from extensive counseling, alternative methods of preserving fertility should be explored.

Diabetes-inducing effects of bronchial asthma.

Background: The relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and asthma is complex and can impact disease trajectories.

Aim: To explore the bidirectional influences between the two conditions on clinical outcomes and disease control.

Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature on the relationship between DM and asthma, focusing on their impacts, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications.

Valvular Heart Disease-Related Mortality Between Middle- and High-Income Countries During 2000 to 2019.

Background: Valvular heart disease (VHD) management has evolved rapidly in recent decades, but disparities in health care access persist among countries with varying socioeconomic backgrounds.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate global mortality trends from VHD and assess the difference between middle- and high-income countries.

Methods: We obtained mortality data from the World Health Organization Mortality Database for VHD and its subgroups (rheumatic valvular disease [RVD], infective endocarditis [IE], aortic stenosis [AS], and mitral regurgitation [MR]) from 2000 to 2019.

Promoting Global Cardiovascular Health to Advance the Sustainable Development Agenda.

The burden of cardiovascular disease has declined in high-income countries in the past 3 decades but is growing in low- and middle-income countries due to epidemiological, demographic, and socioeconomic shifts. A range of cost-effective policies and interventions are available for advancing cardiovascular health (CVH) through primordial, primary, and secondary prevention. We showcase multifaceted challenges that stifle the global progress of CVH including shortcomings in financial protection, health systems, primary health care, national health policies, service coverage, and surveillance.

Inter-assay variability in the measurement of urinary C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type II collagen following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Objective: To compare urinary C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type II collagen (u-CTX-II) concentrations and trends as measured by two different commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in a cohort of patients in the first year following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Design: 22 ACL-injured patients undergoing reconstructive surgery (mean age 25.2 (SD 8.

Finding polarized communities and tracking information diffusion on Twitter: a network approach on the Irish Abortion Referendum.

The analysis of social networks enables the understanding of social interactions, polarization of ideas and the spread of information, and therefore plays an important role in society. We use Twitter data-as it is a popular venue for the expression of opinion and dissemination of information-to identify opposing sides of a debate and, importantly, to observe how information spreads between these groups in our current polarized climate. To achieve this, we collected over 688 000 tweets from the Irish Abortion Referendum of 2018 to build a conversation network from users' mentions with sentiment-based homophily.

Early Impact of Hip Arthroscopy on the Resolution of Symptom Burden in Athletes With Femoroacetabular Impingement.

Background: Coexisting symptoms can confound outcomes after arthroscopic correction of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Symptom burden (SB) represents the cumulative load of patient-reported symptoms.

Purpose: To quantify the prevalence of symptoms in athletes before and after arthroscopic correction of FAI and evaluate the impact of independent and cumulative SB resolution on outcomes.

From innovation to clinic: Emerging strategies harnessing electrically conductive polymers to enhance electrically stimulated peripheral nerve repair.

Peripheral nerve repair (PNR) is a major healthcare challenge due to the limited regenerative capacity of the nervous system, often leading to severe functional impairments. While nerve autografts are the gold standard, their implications are constrained by issues such as donor site morbidity and limited availability, necessitating innovative alternatives like nerve guidance conduits (NGCs). However, the inherently slow nerve growth rate (∼1 mm/day) and prolonged neuroinflammation, delay recovery even with the use of passive (no-conductive) NGCs, resulting in muscle atrophy and loss of locomotor function.

Mental health and socio-cognitive predictors of adherence to COVID-19 social distancing rules in adolescents in England.

The COVID-19 pandemic prompted governments worldwide to introduce social distancing measures, including school closures and restrictions on in-person socialising. However, adherence to social distancing was challenging for many - particularly adolescents, for whom social interaction is crucial for development. The current study aimed to identify individual-level influences on adherence to social distancing in a longitudinal sample of adolescents aged 11-20 years in England, who took part in a randomised controlled trial.

Procedural and Short-Term Outcomes of Carotid Artery Stenting: A Single-Center Experience.

Background Carotid artery stenting is a well-established alternative treatment to carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery stenosis for preventing stroke. This study assessed the procedural and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing carotid artery stenting in a tertiary care center in India. Methods A total of 39 patients underwent carotid artery stenting from January 2022 to December 2023, with different embolic protection devices and carotid stents.