Prevention of Chemotherapy-related Oral Mucositis by Topical Timolol: A Prospective Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial in Cancer Patients.

Background: Timolol is a beta-adrenergic blocker that has been shown to be effective in the healing of wounds. Oral mucositis (OM), an acute inflammation of the oral mucosa, is a bothersome side effect of some regimens of chemotherapy in which the oral mucosa becomes ulcerated. The current study aimed to evaluate the prophylactic effects of timolol mouthwash in preventing OM in adult patients receiving chemotherapy compared to the placebo.

Effect of one-week New Zealand blackcurrant extract on rowing performance and cognitive function in National team male rowers.

This research investigated the impact of New Zealand blackcurrant (NZBC) on 2000-meter rowing ergometer performance and cognitive abilities. Nine trained male rowers from Iran's national team participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, undergoing three sessions with NZBC (600 mg∙day-1), placebo (PL), and control (CL) treatments over seven days, followed by a 14-day washout period. Participants completed a 2000-meter ergometer test provided self-reported ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and completed a cognitive function assessment five minutes following the rowing exercise.

Evaluation of the Effect of Bacteriophages and Organic Acids as a Feed Additive to Reduce Salmonella enteritidis in Challenged Chickens.

This study aimed to compare the effects of dietary supplementation of bacteriophage (BP) and acidifiers on performance, meat quality, morphology, and intestinal microbiota in chickens challenged and unchallenged with Salmonella enteritidis (SE) and also to investigate the possibility of replacing them in the diet with antibiotics. A total of 1760 male Ross (308) chicks were randomly assigned to 11 dietary treatments (8 pens/with 20 male chickens in each). Dietary treatments were as follows: SE-uninfected (negative control (NC), a basal diet without supplemention; NC+ 500 g/t BP (NBP1); NC+ 1000 g/t BP (NBP2); NC+ 300 mg/kg acidifier A (NAA); NC+ 300 mg/kg acidifier B (NAB)) and SE-infected (positive control (PC), a basal diet without supplemention; PC+ 40 mg/kg Antibiotic enrofloxacin (PA); PC+ 500 g/t BP (PBP1); PC+ 1000 g/t BP (PBP2); PC+ 3000 mg/kg acidifier A (PAA); PC+ 3000 mg/kg acidifier B (PAB)).

Content Analysis of Food and Beverage Advertisements on TV, Radio, and Billboards in Iran.

Food advertising may influence food preferences and consumption. Due to these advertisements' role in health, the present study has updated the data available on television and radio food advertisements in Iran until 2020. Meanwhile, food advertisements on billboards have been analyzed for the first time.

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of PID5BF + M in Iranian Drug Users.

Background: This study aimed to adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the PID5BF + M as a brief measure for assessing DSM-5 and ICD-11 personality disorder traits in Iranian drug users. The sample consisted of 380 participants, including both clinical (28.68%) and nonclinical (71.

The Degree and Origin of the Cooperativity of the Chalcogen (Ch···N) and Dihydrogen (H···H) Bonds in Some Triad Systems.

The strength and cooperative energy of chalcogen and dihydrogen bonds in some ABC triad systems of the types XHTe…NCH…HY (X = F, Cl, Br, I, H; Y = Li, Na, BeH, MgH) and FHCh…NCH…HNa (Ch = Te, Se, S) were computed and compared at several levels of theory. All resulting data showed that the strengths of chalcogen (Te…N) and dihydrogen (H…H) bonds increase in the order of H < I < Br < Cl < F, and Be < Mg < Li < Na, respectively. Then, the comparison of data for the FHTe…NCH…HY, FHSe…NCH…HNa, and FHS…NCH…HNa triads indicated that the interaction, stabilization, and cooperativity energies decrease in the order of Te > Se > S.

Modeling the determinants of cigarette consumption in Iranian households with children under 5 years of age using the Income and Expenditure Survey 2021.

Background: Cigarette smoking remains a significant public health concern, with detrimental effects on both smokers and those exposed to secondhand smoke. This study investigates the factors influencing smoking behaviors in Iranian households, focusing on households with children under five years old.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 8751 Iranian households using data from the Iranian Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) collected by the Statistical Center of Iran (SCI) in 2021.

Designing and validating an adaptation tool for endometriosis: an exploratory mixed method study protocol.

Background: Endometriosis is a benign and chronic gynecological estrogen-dependent condition. Research findings have highlighted its impact on different aspects of women's lives. Enhancing quality of life and supporting the well-being of those affected is advised.

Regional environmental impacts on growth traits and phytochemical profiles of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. for enhanced medicinal and industrial use.

Identifying the optimal cultivation regions and evaluating the impact of environmental factors are crucial for selecting the best conditions for the commercial production of important medicinal and industrial plants. This study examined the effects of different cultivation areas-Rayen, Eghlid, Kalat, and Zanjan-on the agro-morphological and phytochemical traits of Glycyrrhiza glabra. The findings revealed that the location where the plants were grown significantly influenced their physical and chemical characteristics.

Early effects of LT3 + LT4 combination therapy on quality of life in hypothyroid patients: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparison trial.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of combined levothyroxine (LT4) and triiodothyronine (LT3) therapy on quality of life in patients with primary hypothyroidism.

Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial, 151 Iranian patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism between 2020 and 2021 were enrolled. One group received LT4 alone (n = 80), while the other received LT4 and LT3 (n = 71) for a minimum of six months.

Association of liver fibrosis with aneurysm size and mortality risk in patients undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) poses a significant health risk due to its silent nature and high mortality upon rupture. The Fib-4 index, initially designed for liver fibrosis assessment, presents potential beyond its scope. This study aims to investigate the association of FIB-4 with aneurysm size and mortality risk, exploring its utility as a risk predictor for enhanced clinical management.

Assessment of the phenotypic and physicochemical traits of nine Iranian endemic fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.).

Considering the significance of fenugreek as a valuable medicinal and food plant, assessing the genetic diversity of different populations of this species is essential for optimizing performance and adaptability to environmental conditions. This study aims to investigate genetic diversity and identify important phenotypic traits in various Iranian fenugreek accessions ("Mashhad", "Tehran", "Yazd", "Shiraz", "Birjand", "Isfahan", "Kerman", "Kalat", "Neyshabur"), an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications and nine treatments (accessions) in Iran. The results showed that the highest seed yield was observed in "Kalat" (120.

Evaluating solar power plant sites using integrated GIS and MCDM methods: a case study in Kermanshah Province.

This study utilizes an integrated Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach to perform Solar Power Plant Site Selection (SPPSS) in Kermanshah Province, Iran. It introduces a novel group weighting method, the Dempster-based Best-Worst Method (DBWM), which combines weights vectors derived from experts' opinions. The study also conducts a comprehensive sensitivity analysis comparing four GIS-based models for SPPSS.

Association of dietary acid load with inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and clinical features in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress, particularly in individuals over 40. Dietary factors, specifically dietary acid load (DAL), may influence these pathological processes. However, the relationship between DAL and inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and clinical features in patients with KOA remains unexplored.

Interactions between DASH-style diet and ADIPOQ and ARL15 genes polymorphisms on blood pressure and central obesity in Iranian adults.

This study aimed to investigate the interactions between the Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and the rs1501299 and rs6450176 SNPs in terms of cardiometabolic risk factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 387 adults (20-70 years old) residing in Yazd, Iran. The participants were selected from participants in the recruitment phase of the Yazd Health Study (YaHS) which is a population-based cohort of 9,962 adults.

A dynamic co-expression approach reveals Gins2 as a potential upstream modulator of HNSCC metastasis.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer that is notably associated with a high risk of lymph node metastasis, a major cause of cancer mortality. Current therapeutic options remain limited to surgery supplemented by radio- or chemotherapy; however, these interventions often result in high-grade toxicities. Distant metastasis significantly contributed to the poor prognosis and decreased survival rates.

Induction of IMPDH-Based Cytoophidia by a Probable IMP-Dependent ARL13B-IMPDH Interaction.

Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase (IMPDH) catalyzes rate-limiting step of the reaction converting inosine monophosphate (IMP) to guanine nucleotides. IMPDH is up-regulated in the healthy proliferating cells and also in tumor cells to meet their elevated demand for guanine nucleotides. An exclusive regulatory mechanism for this enzyme is filamentation, through which IMPDH can resist allosteric inhibition by the end product, GTP.

Opioid reward and deep brain stimulation of the lateral hypothalamic area.

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is considered a global health issue that affects various aspects of patients' lives and poses a considerable burden on society. Due to the high prevalence of remissions and relapses, novel therapeutic approaches are required to manage OUD. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is one of the most promising clinical breakthroughs in translational neuroscience.

Investigating the role of lifestyle, knowledge and health beliefs in performing preventive behaviours against human papilloma virus in married women.

Objectives: The aim of this research was investigating the role of lifestyle, knowledge and health beliefs in performing preventive behaviours against HPV in married women.

Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a significant public health concern in Iran, with a relatively high prevalence in the general female population.

Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey among 260 married women working at the university.

Sex steroid disrupting effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the Persian Gulf Arabian Sea bream, Acanthopagrus arabicus: In vitro model of environmental drug contamination.

The presence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems and their impact on humans and the environment are growing concerns in environmental health. This study aimed to evaluate the potential reproductive effects of diclofenac, ibuprofen, and aspirin on dissociated ovarian and testicular cells from Arabian Sea bream, Acanthopagrus arabicus. The cells were exposed to varying concentrations of the pharmaceuticals for 48 h.

The double-edged sword role of natural Killer cells in Parkinson's disease.

Neurological disorders are the leading cause of disability worldwide, with Parkinson's disease (PD) emerging as a rapidly growing neurological condition on a global scale. Although treatments exist to alleviate symptoms and maintain patients' quality of life, PD remains incurable. According to some recent studies, natural killer (NK) cells may play a role in clearing alpha-synuclein aggregates, which are the main component of Lewy bodies that cause neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease.

A rare presentation of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) on the cheek: Case report and two-year follow-up.

Introduction And Importance: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a rare benign vascular tumor characterized by abnormal endothelial proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration, primarily affecting the head and neck region. The diverse clinical presentations of ALHE pose significant diagnostic challenges, often leading to misdiagnosis. Accurate histopathological examination is crucial for differentiating ALHE from other vascular lesions and guiding appropriate treatment.

Management of nasopharyngeal stenosis post-tonsillectomy using the Madame Butterfly technique: A case report with novel approach.

Background: Nasopharyngeal stenosis (NPS) is an uncommon but significant complication that arise following tonsillectomy in adults, leading to manifestations including obstructive sleep apnea and dysphagia. This condition is often rare, underscoring the need for awareness and effective management strategies.

Case Presentation: We present a case involving a 48-year-old female who developed nasopharyngeal stenosis (NPS) 15 months after undergoing a tonsillectomy.

Acceleration of bone healing by a growth factor-releasing allo-hybrid graft.

Introduction: Human amniotic membrane (hAM) has a highly biocompatible natural scaffold that is abundant in several extracellular matrix (ECM) components, including but not limited to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor (TGF), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). In our study, we have focused on a mixture of hAM and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) as an allo-hybrid graft to deliver it into the site of bone defect to decrease bone remodeling time.

Methods: Allo-hybrid grafts were prepared by coating the jelly made of decellularized and lyophilized hAM (AMJ) on the surface of DBM and subsequently underwent in vitro studies, such as alkaline phosphatase activity, MTT assay, and SEM analysis.

Optical assessment of heroin using laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy based on modified Beer-Lambert formalism.

Heroin as a derivative of morphine contains the alkaloids and flavonoids with plenty of three to five aromatic rings. The latter is known as the main source of fluorescence emission after laser excitation. Here, laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy at excitation line of 405 nm with the solvent densitometry method is introduced based on modified Beer-Lambert (MBL), for the rapid and reliable identification of street heroin samples.