Climate change adaptation strategies adopted by pastoralists in rangelands in Golestan province, Iran.

Climate change is a serious challenge to pastoralism in rangelands. Adaptation strategies adopted by pastoralists can reduce their livelihood vulnerability to cope with adverse effects of climate change. This study was done to investigate the adaptation strategies of pastoralists in the north of Golestan province, Iran.

Enhancing black mulberry storage with sodium caseinate and gum tragacanth edible films.

A bright future lies ahead for the application of natural biocomposites in the food industry. In this research, edible biocomposite films were created using sodium caseinate (SC)-gum tragacanth (GT) and incorporating carum carvi seed essential oil (EO) as a nanoemulsion. Different ratios of oil were used as variables.

Assessing the Colorectal Cancer Landscape: A Comprehensive Exploration of Future Trends in 216 Countries and Territories from 2021 to 2040.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a significant global concern, presenting formidable challenges to healthcare systems and leading to substantial healthcare expenses. This study examines the projected prevalence and trends of CRC worldwide, encompassing 21 regions and 195 nations.

Methods: We employed an illness-death model (IDM) in order to forecast the anticipated prevalence of CRC by the year 2040.

Synthesis and evaluation of nitrochromene derivatives as potential antileishmanial therapeutics through biological and computational studies.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan organisms belonging to the Leishmania genus, affecting many individuals worldwide, with the burden surpassing one million cases. This disease leads to considerable morbidity and mortality, predominantly within tropical and subtropical regions. The current therapeutic options for leishmaniasis are far from ideal, as they fail to achieve a level of efficacy that can be deemed universally effective.

Differential effects of β-hydroxybutyrate and α-ketoglutarate on HCT-116 colorectal cancer cell viability under normoxic and hypoxic low-glucose conditions: exploring the role of SRC, HIF1α, ACAT1, and SIRT2 genes.

Recent therapeutic strategies have highlighted the potential of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as effective anticancer agents, particularly for colon cancer. These metabolites can modulate cellular metabolism and induce epigenetic changes, inhibiting tumor growth. Nonetheless, certain cancer cells may utilize ketone bodies, like BHB as nutrient sources under hypoxic conditions, potentially reducing treatment efficacy.

Modulating Cognitive Function with Antihypertensive Medications: a Comprehensive Systematic Review On FMRI Studies.

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition associated with cognitive impairments, including memory deficits and attention lapses. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying HTN-related cognitive dysfunction is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies.

Method: A systematic review was conducted to explore the impact of antihypertensive medications on cognition, focusing on memory, attention, and emotion processing using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Association of Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) with hematological parameters: a data mining approach.

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) is characterized by early repolarization of the myocardium originating from Purkinje fibers. PVC may occur in individuals who are otherwise healthy. However, it may be associated with some pathological conditions.

Calcium carbonate sediment corrosion and formation investigation in drinking water distribution network in Sough City, Iran.

One of the major problems facing the water industry is corrosion and sedimentation, which causes problems such as reduced water quality and the useful life of water supply network equipment. This study aimed to investigate the corrosion and sediments formed in the drinking water distribution network of Sough City. In this cross-sectional study, samples were prepared from 7 wells, water storage reservoirs, and a dedicated water supply network in this area from 2006 to 2017.

Relationship between TyG-BMI index and glycemic index with diet quality, anthropometric indices, and blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome.

A recently introduced metric for assessing metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI). Additionally, the glycemic index (GI) is recognized as a significant measure for evaluating conditions associated with blood glucose. In this context, our research explores the correlation between TyG-BMI and GI in relation to diet quality, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure among individuals diagnosed with MetS.

Breastfeeding empowerment and its relationship with health literacy and spousal support among breastfeeding mothers in Tabriz, Iran: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Breast milk is crucial for the health and survival of infants, but exclusive breastfeeding often fails due to various reasons such as lack of breastfeeding empowerment.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the status of breastfeeding empowerment and its relationship with health literacy and perceived spousal support among breastfeeding mothers while recognising that other related factors also contribute to breastfeeding empowerment.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Evaluation of the serum level of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 in patients with Hashimoto's disease and correlation with thyroid hormones and lipid profile.

Objectives: Numerous studies show that the adipokines play a role in on the thyroid axis. The aim of this study was the evaluation of serum level of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 as a member of the adipokines family in patients with Hashimoto's.

Methods: The levels of CTRP-3 and CTRP-6 were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 70 subjects (35 newly diagnosed Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 35 healthy subjects).

Spatio-temporal clustering of drowning mortality in Iran, from 2005 to 2022.

Background: Drowning is a serious and neglected public health threat, and prevention of drowning has a multisectoral nature and requires multidimensional research. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the spatio-temporal variation in fatal unintentional drowning rates among the Iranian population from 2005 to 2022.

Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, registry data were extracted from legal medicine organisations during 2005-2022.

Thalamic Magnetic Susceptibility (χ) Alterations in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping Studies.

Background: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) provides a non-invasive post-processing method to investigate alterations in magnetic susceptibility (χ), reflecting iron content within brain regions implicated in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs).

Purpose: To investigate alterations in thalamic χ in patients with NDDs using QSM.

Study Type: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stimuli-Chromic Oxazolidine Latex Nanoparticles for Dual-Responsive pH-Sensors and Rewritable Halochromic Papers: A Physicochemical Study on Colorimetric and Fluorimetric Signals.

Oxazolidine is a new category of stimuli-chromic compounds that has unique intelligent behaviors such as halochromism, hydrochromism, solvatochromism, and ionochromism, all of which have potential applications for designing and constructing chemosensors by using functionalized-polymer nanocarriers. Here, the poly(MMA--HEMA) based nanoparticles were synthesized by emulsion copolymerizing methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in different copolymer compositions. The poly(MMA--HEMA) based nanoparticles were modified physically with tertiary amine-functionalized oxazolidine (as an intelligent pH-responsive organic dye) to prepare halochromic latex nanoparticles.

Guidelines for animal models of endurance and resistance exercise.

Background: This mini-review details the guideline for implementing the most common exercise patterns in small laboratory rodents (mice/rats) and the advantages and disadvantages of each, in ways that are comparable to humans. Also, criteria for targeted selection and control of workload and intensity of activity are proposed in different exercise programs.

New Method: As an available and low-cost intervention in physiological, biochemical and cellular-molecular assessments, different exercise programs can be effective in the prevention/treatment of many skeletal-structural, behavioral and neurodegenerative disorders.

Enhancing biobutanol production by optimizing acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation from sorghum grains through strategic immobilization of amylolytic enzymes.

Tannin-containing sorghum grains, suitable for acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) production by Clostridium acetobutylicum, have required pretreatment to eliminate tannins inhibiting the strain's amylolytic activity. This study investigates biobutanol production enhancement by immobilizing enzymes on polydopamine-functionalized polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with magnetic nanoparticles for Separated Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF) and Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) processes. After multi-stage hot water treatment, TG3 sorghum (from the third stage) was used, where the enzyme-immobilized PES membrane produced 4.

Innovating chitosan-based bioinks for dermal wound healing: Current progress and future prospects.

The field of three-dimensional (3D) bio/printing, known as additive manufacturing (AM), heavily relies on bioinks possessing suitable mechanical properties and compatibility with living cells. Among the array of potential hydrogel precursor materials, chitosan (CS) has garnered significant attention due to its remarkable physicochemical and biological attributes. These attributes include biodegradability, nontoxicity, antimicrobial properties, wound healing promotion, and immune system activation, making CS a highly appealing hydrogel-based bioink candidate.

Comparing the Hip and Lumbar Joint Range of Motion in Patients With Lower Lumbar Disc Herniation and Healthy Subjects.

Background: One possible factor contributing to low back pain is hip range of motion (ROM). However, there is inconstancy in published studies, which may be due to the heterogeneity of patients. Therefore, the present study focuses on the relationship between hip ROM and lower lumbar disc herniation (LLDH).

HeterologousPrime-Boost immunizationwithAdenoviral vector and recombinant subunit vaccines strategies against dengue virus type2.

Dengue virus (DENV) remains a significant public health threat in tropical and subtropical regions, with effective antiviral treatments and vaccines still not fully established despite extensive research. A critical aspect of vaccine development for DENV involves selecting proteins from both structural and non-structural regions of the virus to activate humoral and cellular immune responses effectively. In this study, we developed a novel vaccine for dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) using a heterologous Prime-Boost strategy that combines an adenoviral vector (Ad) with subunit vaccines.

Elderberry diet improves sperm quality and histological parameters of testicular tissue in adult male rats exposed to methamphetamine.

Psychotropic stimulants like methamphetamine (METH) have an impact on the physiology, behavior, and psychology of human beings and can damage the reproductive and neuroendocrine systems in them. These deleterious impacts include a temporary drop in the relative weight of the testis along with adverse effects on spermatogenesis. Sambucus nigra, also known as elderberry (EB) or sweet elder, is a source of bioactive compounds that has drawn growing attention for its potential beneficial impact in preventing and treating several diseases.

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Proteus species in Northern Iran.

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria like Proteus species have led to more prolonged hospitalizations, fewer care choices, higher treatment costs, and even death. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of MDR Proteus species in clinical samples and to suggest the best therapeutic options for the MDR Proteus species.

Methodology: Clinical samples were collected randomly from five hospitals in Golestan Province, Iran, from February 2017 to July 2019.

Effect of ultrasound combined with edible coating based on guar gum on the physicochemical quality and texture of fried zucchini slices.

Edible coating (EC) can reduce excessive oil absorption in deep-fat fried food products. Ultrasound is an efficient pretreatment to preserve the quality characteristics of fried samples. The impact of guar gum based EC and sonication on the quality parameters of fried zucchini slices was investigated.

Pectin/gelatin-based bionanocomposite containing modified graphene quantum dots and carnauba wax as functional fillers for food packaging applications.

Alternatives to nonbiodegradable synthetic plastics for food packaging include films made from biopolymers that are nontoxic and environment-friendly. In this study, carnauba wax (CW) and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NG) as functional additives were utilized in the production of pectin/gelatin (PG) film. NG was synthesized through the microwave method, using acetic acid as the carbon source, giving size, and zeta potential of 1.

Regulatory effects of resveratrol on nitric oxide signaling in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular illnesses are multifactorial disorders and represent the primary reasons for death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. As a signaling molecule, nitric oxide (NO) is extremely permeable across cellular membranes owing to its unique molecular features, like its small molecular size, lipophilicity, and free radical properties. Some of the biological effects of NO are vasodilation, inhibition in the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, and functional regulation of cardiac cells.