1,128 results match your criteria: "Iran University of Medical Science[Affiliation]"

Background And Aim: Malnutrition among intensive care unit (ICU) patients is associated with a higher risk of mortality and prolonged hospitalization. However, the influence of malnutrition on severe outcomes of ICU patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear. By evaluating the effect of malnutrition on the outcomes of COVID-19 in the ICU in older adult patients, this study will contribute to new knowledge of assessing the nutritional status and recovery of these patients.

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Effects of training nursing process using the concept map on caring self-efficacy of nursing students in pediatric departments.

J Educ Health Promot

April 2024

Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Self-efficacy is task-specific, and Professional self-efficacy has been introduced as a factor affecting providing quality nursing care. This study aimed to determine the effects of training the nursing process using the concept map on the caring self-efficacy of nursing students in pediatric departments.

Material And Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 82 undergraduate nursing students in the second semester of 2021-2022 with a design of two groups before and after training.

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Fahr's disease with neuropsychiatric symptoms and intermittent course: a case report.

Neurocase

February 2024

Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Firoozabadi Clinical and Research Development Unit, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Fahr's disease is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with brain calcifications and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It can have variable phenotypic expression and intermittent symptomatology, making diagnosis challenging. In this report, we describe a young female patient presenting with symptoms of psychosis and confusion, which could be indicative of a delirium superimposed on the cerebral vulnerability associated with Fahr's disease.

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In the human brain, the regions responsible for emotion processing, motivation, and memory are heavily influenced by olfaction, whose neural pathway is directly exposed to the outer world. In this study, we used fMRI to examine how different olfactory conditions might affect the functional connectivity circuit underlying working memory in the brain. To this end, 30 adults (aged 20-35), 13 males and 17 females, with high educational levels were chosen.

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Background: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an imaging technique used to measure metabolic changes in the tissue. Due to the lack of evidence, MRS is not a priority in diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases because it is a relatively specialized technique that requires specialized equipment and expertise to perform and interpret. This systematic review aimed to present a comprehensive collection of MRS results in the most common neurodegenerative diseases.

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Cognitive training (CT) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for substance use disorders (SUD), aiming to restore cognitive impairments and potentially improve treatment outcomes. However, despite promising findings, the effectiveness of CT in real-life applications and its impact on SUD symptoms has remained unclear. This perspective article critically examines the existing evidence on CT for SUD and explores the challenges and gaps in implementing CT interventions.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examined the rates of re-fracture and overall mortality in patients over 50 who suffered hip fractures from minor trauma within one year.
  • Conducted at a Tehran hospital, the research included 945 patients from 2013 to 2019, revealing a mortality rate of 17.69% in the first year post-fracture, with higher rates in men.
  • The study found that 5.03% of patients experienced a re-fracture in the same time frame, highlighting the need for prevention strategies for hip fractures in the elderly.
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  • Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a prevalent and complex issue with varied treatment options and no definitive guidelines, leading to differing management practices internationally.
  • A comprehensive survey with 336 responses from specialists in 49 countries explored current medical and surgical strategies for NOA, analyzing results against existing guidelines and offering expert recommendations.
  • Key findings included diverse approaches to hormonal therapy, significant variation in sperm retrieval success rates, and differing protocols around varicocele repair and follicle-stimulating hormone cutoff levels for sperm retrieval.
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  • * Conducted from July to September 2022, a questionnaire gathered responses from 367 doctors in 49 countries, focusing on how they diagnose NOA through methods like hormone tests and genetic analyses.
  • * The survey identified that while many practices align with guidelines, significant differences in approaches were found, underscoring the need for standardized, evidence-based international guidelines for NOA evaluation.
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Brucellosis is a zoonosis disease that can affect humans and a wide range of domestic and wild animals. Susceptibility to brucellosis in humans can be related to various factors, such as nutritional and occupational factors. This study evaluated factors related to brucellosis and identified influential risk factors for human infection.

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Correlations of Long COVID Symptoms and Inflammatory Markers of Complete Blood Count (CBC): A Cross-sectional Study.

J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect

November 2023

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Long-COVID refers to lasting unspecific symptoms like fatigue, decreased concentration and sleep issues after infection which persist for at least three months and cannot be attributed to other causes. Previous studies surveyed the association between inflammatory markers like C - reactive protein (CRP) at hospital admission and long-COVID symptoms in the preceding months. Post-COVID syndrome can affect one-third of patients.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Oncolytic viruses offer a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy by directly killing cancer cells and enhancing the immune response.
  • * Using carrier cells can improve the delivery of oncolytic viruses to tumors by overcoming the body's immune defenses, leading to more effective treatment for lung cancer.
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An Update on the Role of mpMRI and Ga-PSMA PET Imaging in Primary and Recurrent Prostate Cancer.

Clin Genitourin Cancer

June 2024

Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University 6Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; University Research and Innovation Center, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary. Electronic address:

The objective of this work was to review comparisons of the efficacy of Ga-PSMA-11 (prostate-specific membrane antigen) PET/CT and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in the detection of prostate cancer among patients undergoing initial staging prior to radical prostatectomy or experiencing recurrent prostate cancer, based on histopathological data. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science, and relevant articles were analyzed with various parameters, including year of publication, study design, patient count, age, PSA (prostate-specific antigen) value, Gleason score, standardized uptake value (SUV), detection rate, treatment history, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and PI-RADS (prostate imaging reporting and data system) scores. Only studies directly comparing PSMA-PET and mpMRI were considered, while those examining combined accuracy or focusing on either modality alone were excluded.

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Background And Aim: Cough is a common symptom among patients with sarcoidosis, and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire, a cough-specific quality-of-life measure, evaluates the impact of cough across physical, psychological, and social domains in patients with chronic cough. The aim of this study was cross-cultural adaptation and validation of Persian version of Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) in pulmonary sarcoidosis in Iran.

Methods: Psychometric analyses included translation and back translation of the questionnaire, face validity, content validity, construct validity, criterion-related validity, internal consistency, and test -retest reliability were performed.

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a geometrical isomer of linoleic acid, which has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity properties. However, the studies reported inconstant results about the CLA-related effects on lipid profiles. As a result, meta-analysis and systematic review were performed to survey the CLA supplementation-related effect on lipid profile including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG).

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Early detection and management of skin tumors has significant importance due to their potency to metastasize. Hence, this study recommends raising the patients' awareness about chronic ulcers and the potential alterations they may experience.

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) belongs to the Herpesviridae family and is also known as human herpesvirus type 5. It is a common virus that usually doesn't cause any symptoms in healthy individuals. However, once infected, the virus remains in the host's body for life and can reactivate when the host's immune system weakens.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study compared grief experiences of individuals in Iran who lost family members to COVID-19 versus those who lost loved ones to other natural causes.
  • Through telephone interviews with 640 participants, researchers used questionnaires to assess grief symptoms and found that both groups experienced similar grief features, but those grieving COVID-19 losses reported stronger feelings of guilt and prolonged grief symptoms.
  • Overall, the findings indicate that losing a loved one to COVID-19 may lead to more intense and prolonged grief, highlighting the unique challenges faced by those affected by the pandemic.
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Background: Breast cancer among women is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of death worldwide. There many advances in diagnosing and treating this disease, early diagnosis and treatment are still a significant challenge in the early stages. In recent years, microRNAs have attracted much attention in cancer diagnosis and treatment.

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Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease caused by numerous factors, such as immune system dysfunction and genetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in UC pathogenesis, particularly via the JAK-STAT pathway. Our aim was to investigate the association between miRNA-101 and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway with inflammatory cytokines in UC patients.

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The inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme is crucial for targeting type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This study introduces a series of synthetic analogs based on thiomethylacetamide-quinoline derivatives linked to diphenyl-imidazole as highly potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. Twenty derivatives were synthesized and screened in vitro against α-glucosidase, revealing IC values ranging from 0.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is a severe life-threatening condition in which many women are involved yearly. One factor that has recently been noticed and investigated as a diagnostic predictor of this type of cancer is the number of tumor buds and the relation of this factor with a patient's survival rate.

Materials And Methods: This study includes 150 female patients over 18 years old with a mean age of 53.

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Background: Spinal aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, histologically benign tumors with aggressive behavior, which may cause bone and soft-tissue destruction, particularly affecting neural elements. Management of these tumors, including treatment modalities and follow-up protocols, remains challenging.

Case Description: A 7-year-old boy presented with chest wall pain persisting for two months before admission, accompanied by progressive mono paresis lasting ten days before admission.

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Background: We conducted a phase III, non-inferiority trial comparing safety and efficacy of RCP recombinant spike protein Covid-19 vaccine to BBIBP (Sinopharm).

Methods: Adult Iranian population received RCP or BBIBP in a randomized, double blind and an additional non-randomized open labeled trial arms. Eligible participants signed a written informed consent and received two intramuscular injections three weeks apart.

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As the population ages, the global burden of cardiometabolic disorders will increase. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) in elderly and to evaluate the effects of various variables including age, sex, education, marital status, smoking, income, physical activity, dementia and depressed mood on untreated cardiometabolic disorders. This was a cross sectional study conducted in Bushehr Elderly Health Program.

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