Drug Development.

Background: Microbiota of the distal part of the intestine produces Urolithin A (Uro A) as a derivative of ellagitannins hydrolysis. Recently, the mitophagy, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of Uro A have focused more attention on its probable beneficial effects on neurodegenerative states. The purpose of this research was to study the impact of Uro A on the histopathology of the cerebellum in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease.

Effect of low birth weight and preterm delivery on the development of childhood celiac disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis on observational studies.

Purpose Of Review: Whether low birth weight (LBW) and preterm delivery (PD) are associated with the risk of developing celiac disease (CD) in children remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between LBW and PD with CD development in children.

Recent Findings: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases based on the Mesh terms to find observational studies that investigated the association of LBW and PD with CD development in children up to July 18, 2024.

Triple nerve transfer for restoration of elbow flexion in C5-C6 traumatic brachial plexus injuries.

We retrospectively reviewed the outcome of triple nerve transfer, including reinnervation of brachioradialis and double nerve transfer surgery in C5-C6 traumatic brachial plexus injuries. IV.

CRISPR/Cas System: A Powerful Strategy to Improve Monogenic Human Diseases as Therapeutic Delivery; Current Applications and Challenges.

The 5,000 to 8,000 monogenic diseases are inherited disorders leading to mutations in a single gene. These diseases usually appear in childhood and sometimes lead to morbidity or premature death. Although treatments for such diseases exist, gene therapy is considered an effective and targeted method and has been used in clinics for monogenic diseases since 1989.

Untangling the Genetic Threads of Alzheimer's: Insights into Risk Factors and Biomarkers.

Dementia is a comprehensive term that refers to illnesses characterized by a decline in cognitive memory and other cognitive functions, affecting a person's overall ability to operate. The exact causes of dementia are unknown to this day. The heterogeneity of Alzheimer's indicates the contribution of genetic polymorphism to this disease.

Computer-Aided Detection (CADe) and Segmentation Methods for Breast Cancer Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

Breast cancer continues to be a major health concern, and early detection is vital for enhancing survival rates. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a key tool due to its substantial sensitivity for invasive breast cancers. Computer-aided detection (CADe) systems enhance the effectiveness of MRI by identifying potential lesions, aiding radiologists in focusing on areas of interest, extracting quantitative features, and integrating with computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) pipelines.

Noninvasive prediction of coronary artery disease severity: Comparative analysis of electrocardiographic findings and risk factors with SYNTAX and Gensini score.

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a significant global health burden, characterized by the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries. Treatment decisions are often guided by angiography-based scoring systems, such as the Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) and Gensini scores, although these require invasive procedures. This study explores the potential of electrocardiography (ECG) as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for predicting CAD severity, alongside traditional risk factors.

Frequency and treatment outcomes of chest wall masses: a 10-year report.

Introduction: Chest wall tumors, though rare, represent a significant subset of thoracic neoplasms, accounting for approximately 5% of thoracic and 2% of overall body neoplasms. Their management has historically posed challenges for surgeons, often leading to misdiagnosis, incomplete resection, and high complication rates. An individualized surgical approach, tailored to the specific characteristics of the disease, is crucial for optimizing outcomes.

Comparing the Efficacy of Triamcinolone Acetonide Versus Bleomycin in Hypertrophic Scars in Burn Patients: A Clinical Trial.

Background: Treatment of hypertrophic burn scars is challenging. Intralesional injection of corticosteroids has been the first line of treatment. Triamcinolone Acetonide (TA) and Bleomycin (BLE) are standard therapeutic options.

The Effects of Manual Therapy with TECAR Therapy, on Pain, Disability and Range of Motion in Women with Non-specific Chronic Neck Pain.

Background: This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of manual therapy alone and a combination of it and TECAR (Transfer Energy Capacitive and Resistive) therapies on the conditions of pain, disability, and neck range of motion (ROM) in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain (NCNP).

Methods: In this Randomized controlled study, 30 women with non-specific chronic neck pain were randomly divided into two groups: Manual therapy along with TECAR therapy (intervention group) and single manual therapy (control group). The participants were homogenized in terms of age, height, and weight.

The Effect of Mixed Articulation Therapy on Perceptual and Acoustic Features of Compensatory Errors in Children with Cleft Palate.

Background: Compensatory errors are a conventional part of an articulation disorder identified by speech pathologists in patients with Cleft palate (CP). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of new mixed articulation therapy on the perceptual and acoustic features of these errors.

Methods: The single-case experimental design, ABA design, was used in this study.

The Effect of Narrative Intervention on Spoken Narrative and Reading Comprehension Abilities in Farsi-Speaking Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) show prominent deficits in pragmatic aspects of language such as spoken narrative. Deficits in spoken narrative in school years lead to deficits in reading comprehension. Therefore, this randomized clinical trial research examined the influence of narrative intervention on spoken narrative and reading comprehension abilities in children with ASD.

Prevalence and Factor Influencing Intimate Partner Violence against Women during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: It seems that the prevalence of intimate partner violence increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. To investigate the prevalence of different types of IPV and its contributing factors on a global scale during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis study.

The Effect of Balance-Based Interventions on Cognitive Functions of the Healthy and MCI Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Aging is an inseparable part of life, accompanied by mild to severe cognitive disorders. This study aimed to investigate the influence of balance-based interventions on cognitive function in older adults, encompassing both healthy individuals and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching multiple databases up to April 2023, and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist was followed for reporting.

Cost Effectiveness Analysis Rivaroxaban Plus Aspirin versus Aspirin alone in Treatment Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the chronic diseases and the leading cause of death worldwide. More people die from CVDs worldwide than from any other cause each year. The effects of CVDs are not limited to mortality and morbidity but also have important health and economic outcomes.

Features of Physical and Psychomotor Development in Children with Brain Ischemia.

Background: Brain ischemia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in infants. Currently, many factors influence the degree of development of ischemia and the consequences affecting the child's body. The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of the physical and psychomotor development of children with brain ischemia.

Factors Affecting Physical Activity in Iraqi Patients with Lower Limb Amputation.

Background: Limb loss can negatively affect the psychological and physical well-being, mobility, and social life of people with lower limb amputation. Participating in physical activities is of great importance for these people. This study aimed to explore factors affecting the physical activity of Iraqi lower-limb amputees.

Association between Major Dietary Patterns at Breakfast and Odds of Major Depressive Disorder: A Case-control Study.

Background: No study was conducted to investigate the association between principal component (PCA) derived meal-based dietary patterns and odds of major depressive disorder. We aimed to explore the association between major dietary patterns at breakfast and oddsof major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: A total of 200 drug-free patients with MDD and 200 healthy individuals were enrolled in this age- and sex-matched case-control study.

The Impact of Empagliflozin on Inflammatory Markers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort.

Background: Inflammation plays a significant role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, has shown some anti-inflammatory effects in patients with T2D. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of empagliflozin on some inflammatory markers in T2D.

Cost-effectiveness of Telemedicine Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review.

Background: One of the most important causes of mortality in the world is acute myocardial infarction. There are two general treatments including thrombolytic drugs and percutaneous coronary interventions. But, monitoring outpatient AMI treatment from a remote or rural location has emerged as a successful telemedicine technique.

The Association of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Other Complete Blood Count Parameters with Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events Risk Score in Patients with Non-ST Segment Elevation - Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Single-Center Study.

Background: The involvement of inflammation in the start and advancement of atherosclerotic plaques in acute coronary syndrome has been clarified. White blood cell count and its differential are key inflammatory markers in cardiovascular disease, with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) emerging as a marker of inflammation and a predictor of mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The study aims to investigate the utility of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and other complete blood count parameters as a risk stratification tool and independent predictor of Global Registry for Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score in Non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).

Association of Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Functional Mobility with Risk of Fall: A Cross-Sectional Study from Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA).

Background: Falls are considered one of the leading causes of accidental deaths and nonfatal accidental injuries in older adults. Previous research indicates a 1-in-5 yearly fall incidence among Iranian older adults. To examine specific risk factors within this population, our study aimed to evaluate fall risk factors such as obesity, sarcopenia, functional mobility, and activities of daily living (ADL) scores.

Aortic Calcification in Patients with Nephrolithiasis: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study.

Background: Nephrolithiasis is a common condition that has been linked to various systemic diseases. Recent studies have suggested that young patients with nephrolithiasis are at increased risk of developing premature atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the relationship between nephrolithiasis and systemic disease by examining the association between aortic calcification and the severity of kidney stone disease.

Colorectal Cancer and Its Microenvironment: A Brief Review.

Background: The narrative review aims to explore CRC pathogenesis by deciphering genetic-environmental interactions, analyzing the tumor microenvironment's role, and assessing treatment responses. These objectives seek to enhance clinical decision-making and improve CRC patient care through a comprehensive understanding of the disease.

Methods: A narrative review from 2019 to 2024 on colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis and treatment strategies was conducted.

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Mandibular Condyle and Articular Spaces Following Orthognathic Surgery Using Freehand Articulation Method in Patients With Class II and III Skeletal Deformity.

This study aimed to assess the changes in the position and size of articular spaces and anteroposterior and mediolateral condyle dimensions following orthognathic surgery. Additionally, it evaluated the correlation between these changes and mandibular movement during surgery. This experimental study examined 31 patients (16 with Class III and 15 with Class II malocclusions) who were candidates for orthognathic surgery.