The known structural variations in hearing loss and their diagnostic approaches: a comprehensive review.

Hearing loss (HL) is the most common sensory disorder, characterized by a wide range of causes, including both environmental and genetic factors. While single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and small insertions/deletions have been extensively studied, the role of structural variations (SVs) in hearing impairment has gained increasing recognition. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the importance of SVs in HL, by exploring the SVs associated with HL and their underlying pathogenic mechanisms.

The global prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection in pregnant women: a meta-analysis.

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infections with severe detrimental effects on pregnant women and fetuses. CTGI increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy, exogenous fetal infection, and respiratory complications such as bronchitis and pneumonia. According to the different published reports, this systematic review and meta-analysis study aimed to evaluate the global prevalence of CTGI in pregnant women.

An analytical review of the therapeutic application of recent trends in MIL-based delivery systems in cancer therapy.

MILs (Materials Institute Lavoisier), as nanocarriers based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), are one of the most advanced drug delivery vehicles that are now a major part of cancer treatment research. This review article highlights the key features and components of MIL nanocarriers for the development and improvement of these nanocarriers for drug delivery. Surface coatings are one of the key components of MIL nanocarriers, which play the role of stabilizing the nanocarrier, pH-dependent drug release, increasing the half-life of the drug, and targeting the carrier.

Anthropometric and Angular Measurements in Healthy Persian Females in Comparison to the Golden Ratio.

Introduction: Anthropology is the scientific exploration of the human body morphology. The present study aims to establish the anthropometric norms among young Persian ethnic women and compare them with golden proportion, a mathematical formula in facial esthetics.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on Persian women between July 2020 and January 2021.

Metal-Organic Frameworks MIL-101(Fe) and MIL-53(Al) as Efficient Adsorbents for Dispersive Micro-Solid-Phase Extraction of Sorafenib in Plasma and Wastewater, Coupled with HPLC-UV Analysis.

In the present study, metal-organic frameworks, MIL-101(Fe) and MIL-53(Al), were synthesized under solvothermal conditions and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray energy diffraction spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The synthesized metal-organic frameworks were utilized for the purpose of dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of sorafenib in both human plasma and wastewater, which was subsequently followed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet determination. Parameters affecting extraction efficacy including adsorbent amount, ionic strength, pH, type of elution solvent, adsorption and desorption time were optimized.

EEG-based functional and effective connectivity patterns during emotional episodes using graph theoretical analysis.

Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying emotional processing is critical for advancing neuroscience and mental health interventions. This study examined these mechanisms by analyzing EEG connectivity patterns across different brain regions while participants evoked various emotions. After applying independent component analysis (ICA) to eliminate non-cortical activity, we assessed frequency-specific connectivity patterns using coherence, Granger causality, and graph theoretical measures to evaluate both functional and effective connectivity.

Posterior epidural migration of thoracic and lumbar disc material: a comprehensive 63-year systematic review with anatomical perspectives.

This study aims to thoroughly investigate the clinical presentation, duration of symptoms, radiological aspects of posterior epidural migration of disc fragments (PEMDF), and assess various treatment options and their impacts on patient functionality. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to March 2024.

Pasteurized waste milk vs. milk replacer at the same crude protein:metabolizable energy ratio with different energy sources (fat vs. lactose) to pre-weaning Holstein calves: Effects on growth performance, feeding behavior, and health.

The improved growth performance of calves at weaning results from an effective pre-weaning feeding strategy. The type and pasteurization process of liquid feed are among the most variable feeding practices affecting calves' growth and health. In previous studies that compared waste milk (WM) vs.

Cancer-Specific Activation of the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Matrix by Survivin Promoter in Breast Cancer Cells.

Oncolytic viral-based therapy and specific gene expression by promoters are modern targeted oncotherapy approaches that have gained significant attention in recent years. In this study, both strategies were combined by designing cancer-specific activation of vesicular stomatitis virus matrix expression under the survivin promoter. The matrix sequence was cloned downstream of the survivin promoter (pM).

Advancing semantic segmentation: Enhanced UNet algorithm with attention mechanism and deformable convolution.

This paper presents a novel method for improving semantic segmentation performance in computer vision tasks. Our approach utilizes an enhanced UNet architecture that leverages an improved ResNet50 backbone. We replace the last layer of ResNet50 with deformable convolution to enhance feature representation.

Preventive and curative dental services utilization among children aged 12 years and younger in Tehran, Iran, based on the Andersen behavioral model: A generalized structural equation modeling.

World Health Organization invites the nations to progress towards universal health care coverage. This study evaluated preventive and curative dental services utilization among children aged 12 years and younger in Tehran, Iran, based on the Andersen behavioral model using a generalized structural equation modeling. A phone-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, on 886 children in 2023.

Analytical model for helical particle array assessment for EMI shielding applications.

This paper introduces an analytical method for studying power transmission through an infinite array of helical-shaped metal particles in a lossy dielectric medium. While the assessment of composite slabs' transmitted power has been extensively researched in the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding field, many studies lack an adequate problem description. The primary inadequacy of these studies is the need for an analytical framework.

The impact of graphene oxide nanoparticles on the migratory behavior of metastatic human breast cancer cell, MDA-MB-231.

Breast cancer (BC) with aggressive metastasis is a serious ongoing public health problem among women. Graphene oxide (GO) has an inhibitory effect on the migration rate and metastasis of BC cells, but its various aspects have not yet been explored. This paper aims to research into the effect of GO nanoparticles (GO-Np) on the migratory behavior of MDA-MB-231 as a metastatic human BC cell line.

Strong inorganic acid mists and respiratory tract cancers: a meta-analysis.

Background: Exposure to strong inorganic acid mists (SIAMs) in the workplace has been linked to respiratory tract cancers.

Aims: We conducted a meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies examining the association between occupational SIAMs and respiratory tract cancers other than laryngeal cancer, which is already established.

Methods: Studies mentioned in the 1992 IARC Monograph on carcinogenicity of SIAMs were combined with later studies identified from a systematic search of Scopus, PubMed and Embase.

The Learning Curve in Urogynecology and Functional Urology: A Systematic Review.

Introduction And Hypothesis: When adopting new methods, surgeons may experience a period of complexity and longer operation times because of their inexperience. This period is known as the "learning curve." This study was aimed at systematically reviewing the current literature on functional urology learning curves.

Expression variation of long noncoding RNAs in dopaminergic cells-derived from stem cells and their MPP+ induced PD models.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons (DA) which can be caused by environmental and genetic factors. lncRNAs have emerged as an important regulatory layer in neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. In this study, we investigated and validated lncRNAs that may serve as diagnostic or therapeutic targets for PD.

The theoretical investigation of the g-CN/ZnS heterojunction for photocatalytic applications.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) is a useful photocatalyst applied in various areas. However, it has some disadvantages that limit its applications. Therefore, doping and the construction of a heterojunction are beneficial methods to overcome these drawbacks.

Is there a role for neoadjuvant therapies followed by radical cystectomy in oligometastatic bladder cancer?

Purpose Of Review: This review explores the potential role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC) for oligometastatic bladder cancer (OMBC) treatment. We focused on extrapolating evidence from studies including lymph node-positive only and metastatic bladder cancer to address the key challenges and therapeutic strategies for OMBC.

Recent Findings: Current evidence for NAC and RC in OMBC is limited, with most data derived from studies in locally advanced bladder cancer.

Metastatic melanoma: An integrated analysis to identify critical regulators associated with prognosis, pathogenesis and targeted therapies.

Metastatic melanoma causes a high rate of mortality. We conducted an integrated analysis to identify critical regulators associated with the prognosis, pathogenesis, and targeted therapies of metastatic-melanoma. A microarray dataset, GSE15605, including 12 metastatic-melanoma and sixteen normal skin (NS) samples, were obtained from the GEO database.

Multipurpose triadic MXene/garlic/gellan gum-based architecture in the horizon of bone tissue regeneration.

The use of bioresorbable compositions has been considered a promising therapeutic approach for treating compromised bone tissues. Gellan gum (GG) is a predominant polysaccharide recognized for its exceptional biocompatibility and biodegradability, facile bio-fabrication, and customizable mechanical attributes, rendering it well-suited for developing versatile bone scaffolds. On the other hand, MXene nanosheets have been declared a representational filler to augment the osteogenic effect and amend the mechanical properties of the polymeric biomaterials.

Experimental investigation of bluff body geometry effects on nitrogen oxides emissions from Cambridge stratified burner.

In this study, a series of experiments are done to analyze the effect of bluff body geometry on the NO reduction of a natural gas-air stratified swirl burner. The stratified burner of Cambridge University is chosen to study the mentioned geometrical effect, and the geometry modification of bluff body is used as a simple method for NO reduction, which can be easily applied to the systems using these burners, including gas turbines. The bluff body geometrical change to an annular bluff body is inspired by the fact that the areas in which the edge of the bluff body is in contact with the unburned flow have lower temperatures, which can drastically affect combustion parameters, especially emissions.

Higher female partner age and longer duration of marriage: key factors for less frequent sexual intercourse in infertile couples.

Background Sexual intercourse frequency (SIF) is widely known to be associated with fertility, but little is known about what predicts SIF among infertile couples trying to conceive. In this study, we examine the demographic and lifestyle risk factors associated with less frequent coitus among infertile couples. Methods This cross-sectional study examined infertile couples actively trying to conceive, selecting them from patients seeking fertility treatment.

Comparative effects of dual-task training versus combined exercise training in water and on land on patients with multiple sclerosis: a study protocol of a randomised factorial trial.

Introduction: People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) experience cognitive and motor impairments, including cognitive training and exercise training. This study compares dual task and combined exercise training in water and on land. Water-based training may enhance cognitive and motor function more effectively than land-based training, presenting a promising intervention for PwMS.

Factors influencing breast milk donation to a human milk bank in Iran: implications for policymakers and planners.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) actively promotes breastfeeding as the optimal source of nourishment for infants and young children. However, not all newborns have access to breast milk, leading to deprivation of its nutritional benefits or incurring financial burdens from alternative feeding options. Establishing Human Milk Banks (HMBs) can help ensure equitable access to donated human milk.